Pediatrics International 

About: Pediatrics International is an academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Medicine & Internal medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 1328-8067. Over the lifetime, 7957 publications have been published receiving 79538 citations.

Revision of diagnostic guidelines for Kawasaki disease (the 5th revised edition).

Abstract: Diagnostic guidelines for Kawasaki Disease was revised to meet the present situation in 2002. This issue intends to explain new guidelines and their backgrounds. Major alterations are interpretation of cases with 4 or fewer febrile days shortened by early intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, and the clinical importance of atypical (incomplete, or suspected) cases.

Is obesity a risk factor for psychopathology among adolescents

Abstract: Background: Although several studies have documented the existence of psychopathology in obese adolescents, disagreement remains regarding the extent and nature of this psychopathology. The aim of the present study was to explore the type and frequency of psychopathology in a clinical as well as a non-clinical sample of obese adolescents, and in a normal weight control group. Methods: The study sample consisted of a clinical study group of 30 obese adolescents, a non-clinical obese group of 30 obese adolescents, and a control group of 30 normal weight adolescents. Psychological assessment was performed using a non-structured psychiatric interview, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Children Depression Inventory (CDI), Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (SES) and the Eating Attitude Test (EAT). Results: More than half of the clinical obese adolescents (16/30) had a DSM-IV diagnosis, often involving major depressive disorder (n = 10). The mean scores of anxiety-depression, social problems, social withdrawal and total problem in the CBCL scale of the clinical obese group were significantly higher than the non-clinical obese group and the normal weight control group. The mean total scores of the SES and the CDI of the clinical obese group were higher than the normal weight control group. The mean total score of EAT of the clinical obese group was significantly higher than the normal weight control group, and the mean score of EAT of the non-clinical obese group was significantly higher than the normal weight control group. Conclusions: The results support previously published reports which show a higher ratio of psychopathology (depression, behavioral problems, low-esteem) among clinical obese adolescents than among non-clinical obese adolescents. Findings provided evidence for a psychosocial at-risk population in a subgroup of obese adolescents.

New Japanese neonatal anthropometric charts for gestational age at birth.

Abstract: Background More than 10 years have passed since the previous Japanese neonatal growth charts were published, therefore the aim of this study was to develop an updated set of Japanese neonatal growth charts. Methods We used data from the registry database of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology from 2003 until 2005. A total of 150 471 singleton live births without stillbirth or severe congenital malformation were enrolled in the preliminary analysis. It was found that the distribution of the 10th centile charts based on these subjects was skewed toward lower birthweight for preterm infants, because of the significantly lower birthweight in the 10th centile in neonates delivered by cesarean section than those delivered vaginally. Therefore, the data of subjects delivered by cesarean section were also excluded. Results Finally, 104 748 singleton vaginal births at 22–41 weeks of gestation were used to construct a new set of Japanese neonatal anthropometric charts. The birthweight chart is parity and sex specific. The differences between the Japanese fetal growth chart and the new neonatal birthweight chart were small. Conclusion The present new neonatal anthropometric charts may reveal unrestricted growth pattern mimicking fetal growth. Use of these charts may result in recognition of abnormal fetal growth and risk in preterm infants. Further studies are needed to evaluate the risk for adverse neonatal and long-term outcome among small-for-gestational-age infants using these neonatal charts.

Growth as a Mirror of the Condition of Society: Secular Trends and Class Distinctions

Abstract: A study of the history of growth (Tanner 1981) shows that there have been three principal reasons or impulses for undertaking growth studies. First, the pure impulse of curiosity. the desire to discover the way in which a child grows, t o formulate a law describing human growth, enshrined in an ideal Human Growth Curve. Second, the more socially-oriented impulse, the impulse above all of the men and women who would reform and improve society; growth of children. as I shall show you, is a wonderfully good gauge of living conditions and the relative prosperity of different groups in a population. And third, there is the clinical impluse, the desire to monitor the growth not of populations of children but of a particular child, to ensure that it develops in the best possible way. The very first longitudinal study of growth was made out of pure curiosity. It was at the time of what we call the French Enlightenment, a period in the second half of the 18th century when education, and particularly education in science, swept away centuries-old superstitions and prejudices, and rational

Obesity and associated modifiable environmental factors in Iranian adolescents: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program − Heart Health Promotion from Childhood

Abstract: Objective : To evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Iranian adolescents and their relationship with modifiable environmental factors. Methods : The subjects of the present study were 1000 girls and 1000 boys, aged between 11 and 18 years selected by multistage random sampling, their parents ( n = 2000) and their school staff ( n = 500 subjects) in urban and rural areas of two provinces in Iran. Data concerning body mass index (BMI), nutrition and the physical activity of the subjects were analyzed by SPSSV 10 /Win software. Results : The prevalence of 85th percentile ≤ body mass index (BMI) 95th percentile in girls was significantly higher than boys (10.7 ± 1.1 and 2.9 ± 0.1% vs 7.4 ± 0.9 and 1.9 ± 0.1%, respectively; P 85th percentile was more prevalent in families with an average income than in high-income families (9.3 ± 1.7 vs 7.2 ± 1.4%, respectively; P 0.05), but the percentage of energy derived from carbo- hydrates was significantly higher in the former group compared with the latter (69.4 vs 63.2%, respectively; P < 0.05). Regular extracurricular sports activities were significantly lower and the time spent watching television was significantly higher in overweight or obese than non-obese subjects (time spent watching telelvision: 300 ± 20 vs 240 ± 30 min/day, P < 0.05). A significant linear association was shown between the frequency of consumption of rice, bread, pasta, fast foods and fat/salty snacks and BMI ( β = 0.05-0.06; P < 0.05). A significant correlation was shown between BMI percentiles and serum triglyceride, high-density lipopro- tein-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (Pearson's r = 0.38, -0.32 and 0.47, respectively). Conclusions : Enhanced efforts to prevent and control overweight from childhood is a critical national priority, even in developing countries. To be successful, social, cultural and economic influences should be considered.