Showing papers in "Pharmacology & Therapeutics in 2020"

TL;DR: Favipiravir is expected to be an important therapeutic agent for severe influenza, the next pandemic influenza strain, and other severe RNA virus infections for which standard treatments are not available.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review summarizing options of CRC treatment and the mechanisms of 5-FU action at the molecular level, including both anabolic and catabolic ways is presented.

TL;DR: Current progress in targeting the tumor microenvironment in both drug development and clinical trials is summarized and challenges are highlighted to achieve therapeutic efficacy and strategies to intervene in the pro-tumor microenvironment are discussed.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that TGP may be a promising anti-inflammatory and immune drug with soft regulation and has more superiority in the treatment of AIDs.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that supports the combined use of serine protease and CatL inhibitors as a possibly safer and more effective therapy than other available therapeutics to block coronavirus host cell entry and intracellular replication, without compromising the immune system.

TL;DR: The membrane and cytoplasmic effects of GLR, coupled with its long-established medical use as a relatively safe drug, make GLR a good candidate to be tested against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, alone and in combination with other drugs.

TL;DR: Human and animal studies suggest that air pollution may cause developmental neurotoxicity, and may contribute to the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder.

TL;DR: There are several molecular targets in the pathways involved in the generation of lactic acid by cancer cells and its role in tumor promotion for potential development of novel anticancer therapeutics.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the regulatory effects of DPP4is on immune functions and their possible underlying mechanisms as well as potential new drug class applied in these diseases.

TL;DR: The studies discussed here support a central role for GABAergic abnormalities in the context of NMDAR hypofunction and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to improve the function of fast-spiking neurons.

TL;DR: Recent advancements in the understanding of TRPC channel regulation, structure, and discovery of novel TRPC small molecular probes over the past few years are covered, with the goal of facilitating drug discovery for the study ofTRPCs and therapeutic development.

TL;DR: As the first-line antimalarial drugs, artemisinins gained wide acceptance after the emergence of resistance to chloroquine in the 1950s and have saved countless lives, especially in developing countries.

TL;DR: Although all of these drugs seem highly promising for migraine treatment, their safety should be investigated in the long-term, to increase both safety and efficacy and to increase the number of responders to the different treatments, so that all migraine patients can satisfactorily be treated.

TL;DR: An overview of the current understanding of the AAV-induced immune response is provided and potential strategies by which these responses can be manipulated to improve AAV vector-mediated gene transfer are discussed.

TL;DR: The present review summarizes the development of MMPIs, their associated problems and discusses future directions for the development in the laboratory stage of development of the future generations of M MPIs.

TL;DR: An overview of the antiviral activity and potential mechanisms of resveratrol against the respiratory tract viruses considered as a public threat for their rapid transmission and high morbidity and mortality in the general population is presented.

TL;DR: Two different resistance mechanisms in NSCLC targeted therapies are discussed, namely changes in the targeted oncogenes (on-target resistance) and changes in other related signaling pathways (off- target resistance) in tumor cells.

TL;DR: Although some hurdles (like early stage disease assay accuracy, high implementation costs, confounding from clonal hematopoiesis, and lack of clinical utility studies) need to be addressed before integration into healthcare, ctDNA assays hold substantial potential as an early cancer screening test.

TL;DR: The pre-clinical data supporting the use of ATR inhibitors as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and novel targeted agents such as PARP inhibitors are summarised.

TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding the comprehensive roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in the generation and maintenance of different types of chronic pain, including neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, cancer pain, and visceral pain is focused on.

TL;DR: The kinetics of inflammatory mediators and the underlying transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms by which they contribute to the inhibition of important DMETs are summarized and opinions on how to integrate the inflammatory status into pharmacogenetics, therapeutic drug monitoring, and population pharmacokinetic strategies are provided.

TL;DR: The mechanisms of SphK/S1P signaling in GI tissues are analyzed and the potential role of S1PR inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of inflammation-mediated GI diseases, including GI cancer, is evaluated.

TL;DR: Main human epigenetic mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, peripheral artery disease; cardiomyopathy and heart failure are described and a panoramic view on the most innovative bioinformatic tools designed to identify putative genes and molecular networks underlying CVDs in man is offered.

TL;DR: An update on completed and ongoing clinical trials of CAR T cells for solid tumors, as well as an overview of strategies to improve CAR T cell efficacy in non-hematologic malignancies are provided.

TL;DR: Traditional application and modern pharmacological research of Artemisia annua are summarized, providing novel insights of A. annua in the treatment of various diseases.

TL;DR: The challenges and opportunities offered by second and third generation CB1R antagonists are discussed and their potential therapeutic uses are discussed.

TL;DR: The general pediatric P BPK model principles are discussed, the challenges that can arise when developing models are indicated, and new applications are highlighted to give an overview of the current status and future perspective of pediatric PBPK modeling.

TL;DR: The signaling pathways that regulate the expression and activity of P-gp, BCRP and MRPs subfamilies of transporters are reviewed, with particular attention at the BBB level, and their mis-regulation in neurological disorders are reviewed.

TL;DR: Results indicate the importance of personalized therapy, specifically the need to identify the type of intervention required by each individual patient at a given point in the disease process, and using biomarkers to stratify patients based on their individual immune status.

TL;DR: A mathematical model suggests that TRPV1 mediates both pH and thermal signals driving thermoregulation in humans, and in humans (but not in rats), TRpV1 is likely to serve as a thermosensor of the thermoreGulation system.