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Showing papers in "Photonics in 2010"


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a far-field light microscope with nanoscale resolution, which is capable of observing the molecular processes of life in 3D-imaging of the interior of live cells.
Abstract: In 1873, Ernst Abbe discovered that the resolution of focusing (‘far-field’) optical microscopy is limited to d = λ/(2nsinα ) > 200 nm, with nsinα denoting the numerical aperture of the lens and λ the wavelength of light While the diffraction barrier has prompted the invention of electron, scanning probe, and x-ray microscopy, in the life sciences 80% of all microscopy studies are still performed with lens-based (fluorescence) microscopy The reason is that the 3D-imaging of the interior of (live) cells requires the use of focused visible light Hence, besides being a fascinating physics endeavor, the development of a far-field light microscope with nanoscale resolution would facilitate observing the molecular processes of life

504 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new concept of dielectric subwavelength grating leveraging high index contrast to manipulate light to achieve ultra broad band reflector, high-Q resonator, planar high numerical aperture lens and reflector was discussed.
Abstract: We discuss a new concept of dielectric subwavelength grating leveraging high index contrast to manipulate light to achieve ultra broad band reflector, high-Q resonator, planar high numerical aperture lens and reflector, and hollow-core integrated optics.

225 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Spatial mode division multiplexing was performed by using Laguerre-Gaussian mode beam (Optical vortex) as discussed by the authors, which can be utilized for free space and multi-mode fiber transmission.
Abstract: Spatial mode division multiplexing was performed by using Laguerre-Gaussian mode beam (Optical vortex) We demonstrated multiplexing of two channels of 10Gbit/s signal Error free condition was successfully achieved This technique can be utilized for free space and multi-mode fiber transmission

44 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, high-refractive-index-contrast LN photonic wires are fabricated and characterized and even periodically poled wires are developed enabling a demonstration of second harmonic generation with 1.064 µm fundamental radiation.
Abstract: Based on our novel wafer-scale “Lithium-Niobate-On-Insulator” (LNOI) platform, high-refractive-index-contrast LN photonic wires are fabricated and characterized. Even periodically poled wires are developed enabling a demonstration of second harmonic generation with 1.064 µm fundamental radiation.

40 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the recent challenges for ultra-high-speed wireless communications technologies using millimeter and terahertz waves, and demonstrate 14-Gbit/s transmission at 300 GHz.
Abstract: This paper describes our recent challenges for ultrahigh-speed wireless communications technologies using millimeter and terahertz waves. Instrument-limited 14-Gbit/s transmission has been demonstrated at 300 GHz.

35 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two I/Q modulators and a passband shaped spectral demultiplexer were interfaced to generate dynamic optical waveforms with 20 GHz bandwidth and 6 ns record lengths.
Abstract: Interfacing two I/Q modulators and a passband shaped spectral demultiplexer allows the coherent combination of two arbitrary modulated spectral lines to generate dynamic optical waveforms with 20 GHz bandwidth and 6 ns record lengths

25 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel type of electronically tunable optical delay lines is proposed based on silicon photonics, which can achieve delays as high as ∼660 ps with a loss of < 2.2 dB.
Abstract: A novel type of electronically tunable optical delay lines is proposed based on silicon photonics. The integrable devices can achieve delays as high as ∼660 ps with a loss of < 2.2 dB.

24 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Today's petascale supercomputers make substantial use of optical interconnects, but for the exascale, optics will become pervasive, but must meet challenging technological and economic requirements.
Abstract: Today's petascale supercomputers make substantial use of optical interconnects For the exascale, optics will become pervasive, but must meet challenging technological and economic requirements The optics technologies that can meet these requirements are reviewed

23 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental and practical aspects of phase-sensitive fiber-optic parametric amplifiers are reviewed and applications of both phase-insensitive and phase sensitive amplifiers is discussed.
Abstract: We review some fundamental and practical aspects of phase-sensitive fiber-optic parametric amplifiers. Applications of both phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive amplifiers will also be covered.

21 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the remarkable characteristics of quantum dash mode-locked lasers and how they could be used for low phase noise signal generation, for high data rate wireless transmission and radar in the millimeter wave frequency range.
Abstract: In this paper we present the remarkable characteristics of quantum dash mode-locked lasers and how they could be used for low phase noise signal generation, for high data rate wireless transmission and radar in the millimeter wave frequency range.

20 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An indoor optical wireless communications system with mobility feature providing both high bandwidth and ubiquitous coverage in personal area networks is proposed in this paper, where the authors demonstrate the scheme in a proof-of-concept experiment with results indicating its feasibility.
Abstract: An indoor optical wireless communications system with mobility feature providing both high bandwidth and ubiquitous coverage in personal area networks is proposed We demonstrate the scheme in a proof-of-concept experiment with results indicating its feasibility

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-power silicon photonic ring-resonator switch integrated with a CMOS driver achieves sub 35 ns transition times, below −20 dB crosstalk, and ∼ 1mW combined switch and driver power consumption.
Abstract: We report a low-power silicon photonic ring-resonator switch integrated with a CMOS driver that achieves sub 35-ns transition times, below −20-dB crosstalk, and ∼1-mW combined switch and driver power consumption Results are compared to non-resonant Mach-Zehnder based switches

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a high precision Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) architecture is proposed for multi-channel implementations of single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors for time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) and LIDAR applications.
Abstract: We present a high precision Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) architecture suitable for multi-channel implementations such as in monolithic arrays of single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors for time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) and LIDAR applications. The proposed architecture is based on a ‘coarse’ counter and two-stage interpolators, thus reaching a high interpolation factor with moderate chip area consumption. A prototype chip has been fabricated in a 0.35 µm standard CMOS technology and contains smart-pixels with the TDC and the 20 µm diameter SPAD detector with its analog sensing and quenching electronics. The 250 µm × 250 µm smart-pixel reaches a resolution of 10 ps and a dynamic range of 160 ns. It is suitable for imaging arrays aimed at photon timing applications like FLIM, FCS, FRET, but also Time-Of-Flight applications like LIDAR.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the external normalized conversion efficiency of 2.5 × 10−2 %W−1cm−2 was obtained in a 1.5 mm long device with a bandwidth exceeding 40 nm.
Abstract: Type-II difference-frequency generation with a bandwidth exceeding 40 nm was obtained in AlGaAs Bragg reflection waveguide. The external normalized conversion efficiency of 2.5 × 10−2 %W−1cm−2 was obtained in a 1.5 mm long device.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a free-space transport of 60 GHz band RF signals is demonstrated, where the RF carrier is generated from the beat frequency in a dual-wave-length fiber laser optical phase modulation data is photonically converted to RF phase modulation for transport.
Abstract: Free -space transport of 60 GHz band RF signals is demonstrated The RF carrier is generated from the beat frequency in a dual -wavelelength fiber laser Optical phase modulation data is photonically converted to RF phase modulation data for transport

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deposit TiO 2 planar waveguides on oxidized silicon substrates by reactive sputtering, and they exhibit Raman spectra consistent with an amorphous or anatase phase and have losses as low as 4 dB/cm at 826 nm.
Abstract: We deposit TiO 2 planar waveguides on oxidized silicon substrates by reactive sputtering The films exhibit Raman spectra consistent with an amorphous or anatase phase and have losses as low as 04 dB/cm at 826 nm

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel approach to integrate III-V based hybrid hybrid laser on a silicon platform using resonant grating structures as compact and highly reflective mirrors is presented.
Abstract: We present a novel approach to integrate III–V based hybrid lasers on a silicon platform using resonant grating structures as compact and highly-reflective mirrors

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a 24-channel multimode optical transceiver was developed for interfacing four six-core strands of multicore multimode fiber, and the multicore fiber transmitter demonstrated 120-Gb/s/fiber low-crosstalk aggregate transmission.
Abstract: A 24-channel multimode optical transceiver is developed for interfacing four six-core strands of multicore multimode fiber. The multicore fiber transmitter demonstrates 120-Gb/s/fiber low-crosstalk aggregate transmission, while the receiver hasa circuit-limited bandwidth of 15 Gb/s/channel.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel lateral integration scheme of VCSEL and slow light devices with a Bragg reflector waveguide was proposed, where a slow light SOA/modulator can be efficiently coupled with a VCSel by trench structure.
Abstract: We propose a novel lateral integration scheme of VCSEL and slow light devices with a Bragg reflector waveguide The modelling shows compact slow light SOA/modulator can be efficiently coupled with a VCSEL by trench structure

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel optical waveguide consisting of ordered or random arrays of silicon nanowires is proposed to take advantage of increased optical interactions in nanowire regime while maintaining high optical confinement.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel optical waveguide consisting of ordered or random arrays of silicon nanowires to take advantage of increased optical interactions in nanowire regime while maintaining high optical confinement.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present recent work that is carried out within the FP7 project PLATON on novel Tb/s switch fabric architectures and technologies for optical interconnect applications, employing heterointegration of plasmonics, silicon photonics and electronics.
Abstract: We present recent work that is carried out within the FP7 project PLATON on novel Tb/s switch fabric architectures and technologies for optical interconnect applications, employing heterointegration of plasmonics, silicon photonics and electronics

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work reports on the successful and error-free routing of 8×40-Gb/s wavelength-striped packets in a transparent optical network test-bed, supporting multi-terabit switching capacity.
Abstract: We report on the successful and error-free routing of 8×40-Gb/s wavelength-striped packets in a transparent optical network test-bed, supporting multi-terabit switching capacity A 05-dB power penalty per switch hop is shown at 40 Gb/s

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, over-coupled microdisk resonators with high intrinsic Qs are proposed as compact and low insertion-loss delay lines for narrowband optical filters design principles and preliminary experimental results are presented.
Abstract: Over-coupled microdisk resonators with high intrinsic Qs are proposed as compact and low insertion-loss delay lines for narrowband optical filters Design principles and preliminary experimental results are presented

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a detection module based on a linear array of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPAD) made in a standard CMOS technology is presented, which is employed both to count photons at very high frame-rate (up to 4,000,000 frames/s, with 250 ns time tagging resolution) and to mark photon arrival time with 50 ps timing precision.
Abstract: We present a detection module based on a linear array of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPAD) made in a standard CMOS technology The monolithic chip is employed both to count photons at very high frame-rate (up to 4,000,000 frames/s, with 250 ns time tagging resolution) and to mark photon arrival time with 50 ps timing precision The device is ideal for applications involving very weak optical signals in the visible (350 – 800 nm) spectrum and requiring either high-speed imaging (photon counting), as in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and confocal microscopy, or precise time tagging (photon timing) of individual photons, as in fluorescence lifetime imaging of biological samples, high-speed linear imaging, spectrophotometry, and Time-of-Flight (ToF) ranging applications

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, state-of-the-art advanced fibers are also demonstrated, and prospects of fibers for future ultra-high capacity systems are discussed, as well as their performance in OSNR enhancement.
Abstract: Low-loss and low-nonlinearity fibers result in OSNR enhancement, which is craved in realization of beyond 100Gb/s signal systems. State-of-the-art advanced fibers are also demonstrated, and prospects of fibers for future ultra-high capacity systems are discussed.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors numerically study implementation of Bragg gratings in curved photonic wires to increase their length while minimizing their footprint, and show that Bragg grating filters with elaborate spectral responses require long structures.
Abstract: Bragg grating filters with elaborate spectral responses require long structures We numerically study implementation of Bragg gratings in curved photonic wires to increase their length while minimizing their footprint

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate programmable amplitude and phase shaping with simultaneous broadbandwidth (>40nm) and high-resolution (∼3.3GHz) using a 2D VIPA-grating pulse-shaper with a 2-D LCOS SLM.
Abstract: We demonstrate programmable amplitude and phase shaping with simultaneous broad-bandwidth(>40nm) and high-resolution(∼3.3GHz) using a 2-D VIPA-Grating pulse-shaper with a 2-D LCOS SLM. We demonstrate results with sources having continuous spectra and with optical frequency combs.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, large area GaSb-based BTJ VCSELs at ∼ 2.35 µm were fabricated using an inverted surface relief technique to support the single transverse mode operation.
Abstract: Large-area GaSb-based BTJ VCSELs at ∼ 2.35 µm were fabricated using an inverted surface relief technique to support the single transverse mode operation. The devices operate in continuous-wave and are (electro-)thermally tunable over 6 nm.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential for photoluminescence to enhance the color performance of simple reflective displays based on electrophoretic or dichroic guest-host technologies is demonstrated.
Abstract: Achieving bright reflected colors is a major challenge for reflective display technologies. We demonstrate the potential for photoluminescence to enhance the color performance of simple reflective displays based on electrophoretic or dichroic guest-host technologies.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new architecture for the delivery of 1 Gbit/s sustained to about thousand customers over a shared fibre infrastructure is presented and the architecture is compatible to installed fiber infrastructures and a seamless upgrade is possible.
Abstract: A new architecture for the delivery of 1 Gbit/s sustained to about thousand customers over a shared fibre infrastructure is presented. The architecture is compatible to installed fiber infrastructures and a seamless upgrade is possible.