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Showing papers in "Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics in 1979"



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented infrared absorption spectra of amorphous Si1−xCx films made by the glow discharge process and showed that the compositional dependence of these bands varies in a manner predicted by a model in which Si and C atoms are randomly distributed throughout the film without chemical ordering.
Abstract: Infrared absorption spectra are presented of amorphous Si1−xCx films made by the glow discharge process. Four bands, representing the stretching modes of SiH, CH, and SiC, and the wagging mode of SiCH3, were followed over the entire alloy composition range. It is shown that the compositional dependence of these bands varies in a manner predicted by a model in which Si and C atoms are randomly distributed throughout the film without chemical ordering. The bonded hydrogen content in the films is estimated to be of the order of 20 to 30 at%, depending on composition, with the silicon atoms bonding to a single hydrogen and the carbons bonding predominantly as CH2 and CH3 groups. Infrarotabsorptionsspektren von amorphen Si1−xCx-Schichten werden mitgeteilt, die durch einen Glimmentladungsprozes hergestellt wurden. Vier Banden, die die Streckungsmoden von SiH, CH, SiC und die „wagging”-Mode von SiCH3 darstellen, lassen sich uber den gesamten Zusammensetzungsbereich der Legierung verfolgen. Es wird gezeigt, das die Zusammensetzungsabhan gigkeit dieser Banden durch ein Modell vorhergesagt wird, in dem die Si- und C-Atome statistisch in der gesamten Schicht ohne chemische Ordnung verteilt sind. Es wird gefunden, das der Anteil an gebundenem Wasserstoff in den Schichten die Grosenordnugn von 20 bis 30 At% hat, je nach Zusammensetzung, wobei die Siliziumatome an isoliertem Wasserstoff gebunden und die Kohlenstoffatome vorwiegend als CH2− und CH3−Gruppen gebunden sind.

360 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the two phonon Raman process of spin-lattice relaxation is investigated in spin systems having electronic properties appropriate to both optical and acoustic branches of phonon spectrum.
Abstract: The two phonon Raman process of spin–lattice relaxation is investigated in spin systems having electronic properties appropriate to both optical and acoustic branches of phonon spectrum. Apart from exponential temperature dependence of relaxation times for resonance processes, T−3-, T−4-, T−5, and T−6-processes are found for both branches under several conditions. However, when the Debye energy is very high, the T−2-dependence dominates with corrections of T−3 and T−4. The level structure of the spin system is found to be important for the temperature dependence of relaxation times. Es wird der Zwei-Phonon-Ramanprozes der Spin–Gitterrelaxation in Spinsystemen, deren elektronische Eigenschaften sowohl durch optische als durch auch akustische Zweige im Phononenspektrum beschrieben werden, untersucht. Abgesehen von der exponentiellen Temperaturabhangigkeit der Relaxationszeiten fur Resonanzprozesse, werden fur beide Zweige unter verschiedenen Bedingungen T−3, T−4-, T−5- und T−6-Prozesse gefunden. Wenn jedoch die Debye-Energie sehr hoch ist, dominiert die T−2-Abhangigkeit mit T−3- und T−4-Korrekturen. Es wird gefunden, das die Niveaustruktur des Spinsystems fur die Temperaturabhangigkeit der Relaxationszeiten wesentlich ist.

124 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a variable-range hopping model is examined for transport in a band tail and the difference of the activation energies of conductivity and thermoelectric power, ΔE, is essentially determined by the steepness of the tail.
Abstract: A variable-range hopping model is examined for transport in a band tail. For an exponential density of states the difference of the activation energies of conductivity and thermoelectric power, ΔE, is essentially determined by the steepness of the tail. ΔE varies slowly with tempera ture and depends little on the localization length α of the wave functions and on the magnitude of the density of states. From comparison of the results with experimental data it is suggested that this model applies to activated transport in n-type amorphous silicon. Mit Hilfe eines „variable-range-hopping”-Modells wird der Transport in Bandauslaufern untersucht. Der Unterschied ΔE der Aktivierungsenergien von Leitfahigkeit und Thermokraft wird hauptsachlich vom Abfallparameter α der exponentiellen Zustandsdichte bestimmt. ΔE variiert schwach mit der Temperatur. Die Grose der Zustandsdichte und die Lokalisierungslange haben einen kleinen Einflus auf ΔE. Der Vergleich mit experimentellen Daten legt die Anwendbarkeit dieses Modells auf amorphes Silizium nahe.

123 citations





Journal ArticleDOI
S. Marklund1
TL;DR: In this article, the electron energy bands associated with the glide set 90° and 30° partials in silicon are calculated and the results suggest the possibility of dislocation cores without broken bonds.
Abstract: The electron energy bands associated with the glide set 90° and 30° partials in silicon are calculated. Rotations of bonds and shifts in bond lengths are taken into account. The results suggest the possibility of dislocation cores without broken bonds. Le present travail contient une calculation des bandes d'energie electroniques associees avec des dislocations partielles du type 90° et 30° “glide set”. Le calcul tient compte de rotations des orbitaux de liaisons et de variations dans la longeur des liaisons. Les resultats obtenus indiquent la possibilite de noyaux de dislocation sans liaisons brisees.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the energy spectra of A and B excitons in CdS were investigated by measuring the transmission and reflectivity of very thin highly perfect crystals at 1.8 K.
Abstract: An investigation is made of the energy spectra of A and B excitons in CdS by measuring the transmission and reflectivity of very thin highly perfect crystals at 1.8 K. The excited states of both series follow hydrogen-like series in a good approximation yielding different Rydberg's R = (28 ± 0.4) and R = (31.3 ± 0.4) meV, whereas the ground states are shifted in opposite direction with respect to the series, δE = −2.2, δE = +0.5 meV, resulting in exciton binding energies E = 30.2 and E = 30.8 meV, which are different from the corresponding Rydberg energies. This effect could not be attributed to a single perturbation acting on the ground state in different ways. Moreover, oscillator strengths are determined. A discussion is given in terms of the quasi-cubic model. For CdSe, the exciton-LO-phonon interaction is investigated using a line-shape analysis of the absorption lines at different temperatures. Analogous to other II–VI compounds, at higher temperatures (T > 77 K) this interaction is the dominate one for the exciton absorption spectra.

87 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the validity of the Green function theory developed by Haubenreisser et al. for ferromagnetic thin films (TF) is investigated and the effect of surface spin wave modes on the critical temperature of both ferro- and antiferromagnetic TF is analyzed.
Abstract: The validity of the Green function theory developed by Haubenreisser et al. for ferromagnetic thin films (TF) is investigated. Their method, although to rough for the calculation of magnetization spatial distribution, is found useful for the calculation of critical temperature. By using their method, the effect of surface spin wave modes on the critical temperature is analyzed of both ferro- and antiferromagnetic TF. The film thickness dependence and the surface anisotropy dependence of the critical temperature are presented. The condition of the appearance of the so-called “hard surface” and “pinned spin wave” is discussed. The effect of temperature in ferro- and antiferromagnetic resonance is also studied. On etudie la validite de la theorie de fonctions de Green developpee par Haubenreisser et al. pour les films minces ferromagnetiques en considerant le decouplage de Tyablikov comme exact. Leur methode, bien qu'inexacte pour le calcul de la distribution spatiale de l'aimantation, s'avere correcte pour le calcul de la temperature critique. En utilisant leur methode, on analyse l'effet des modes de surface sur les temperatures critiques des films minces ferromagnetiques et antiferromagnetiques. La variation de la temperature critique en fonction de l'epaisseur du film et de l'anisotropie de surface est presentee. Les conditions pour lesquelles les “surfaces dures” et les ondes de spin “ancrees” apparaissent, sont discutees. Enfin l'effet de la temperature sur la resonance d'ondes de spin pour des ferromagnetiques et antiferromagnetiques, est analyse.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a cylindrica Gaussian basis is applied to the problem of hydrogen-like systems in an arbitary magnetic field and the results are in agreement with the results of Lee et al.
Abstract: Variational calculations using a cylindrica Gaussian basis are applied to the problem of hydrogenlike systems in an arbitary magnetic feld. This choic of basis functions allows us to calculate energies and dipole matrix elements for levels corresponding to the ls through 4f levels of the free hydrogen atom. Comparison of the results with earlier calculations in both the high and low field limit show excellent agreement. In the intermediate field regime two previous calculations show marked disargreement in one of the excited state energies. Our results are in agreement with the results of Lee et al. Les calculs changents utilisant une base cylindrique sont appliques au probleme des systemes qui ressemblent a l'hydrogene dans un champ magnetique arbitraire. Ce choix des fonctions nous permit de calculer les energies et les elements de la matrice dipolaire pour les niveaux correspondsants aux niveaux ls a 4f de l'atome d'hydrogene libre. Une comparaison de nos resultats avec les calculations prelables montre un accord excellent tant dans la limite du champ haute que dans la limite basse. Pour les champs intermediaires, deux calculations prealables montrent une grande difference dans une des energies des etats excites. Nos resultats sont en accord avec des resultats de Lee et. al.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that beyond the contribution of free carriers to the dielectric function a contribution due to the polarizability of the bound states arises, which is of importance especially if bound states (excitons) are formed.
Abstract: Improvements of the RPA-dielectric function of a plasma are investigated using the framework of Green's-function technique which are of importance especially if bound states (excitons) are formed. It is shown that beyond the contribution of free carriers to the dielectric function a contribution due to the polarizability of the bound states arises. Es werden Verbesserungen der RPA-dielektrischen Funktion fur ein Plasma unter Verwendung der Technik Greenscher Funktionen untersucht, welche insbesondere dann wichtig sind, wenn gebundene Zustande (Exzitonen) gebildet werden. Es wird gezeigt, das neben dem Beitrag freier Ladungstrager zur dielektrischen Funktion ein Beitrag infolge der Polarisierbarkeit der gebundenen Zustande auftritt.

Journal ArticleDOI
H. Stolz1, R. Zimmermann1
TL;DR: In this article, the density of an electron-hole (or electron-proton) plasma was calculated from the single particle Green's function including ladder type diagrams, and a mass action law was obtained.
Abstract: In an electron-hole (or electron-proton) plasma the density of either species is calculated from the single particle Green's function including ladder type diagrams. The density can be decomposed into contributions of uncorrelated quasiparticles and particles in correlated pairs, the latter referring to both, bound and scattering states. No discontinuity occurs at the Mott criterion. In the non-degenerate limit a mass action law is obtained which is illustrated by a simple model calculation. Fur ein Elektron-Loch- (oder Elektron-Proton-) Plasma wird die Dichte beider Sorten aus der Einteilchen-Green-Funktion berechnet, wobei Leiter-Diagramme berucksichtigt werden. Die Dichte kann in Beitrage unkorrelierter Quasiteilchen und von Teilchen in korrelierten Paaren zerlegt werden, letztere beziehen sich auf Bindungs- und Streuzustande. Beim Mott-Kriterium tritt keine Diskontinuitat auf. Im Nichtentartungsfall wird ein Massenwirkungsgesetz abgeleitet und durch eine einfache Modellrechnung veranschaulicht.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using the Bodnar model, the effective mass, density of states, and g-factor of Cd3As2 are calculated in this paper, and it is found that the g-Factor is considerably more anisotropic than the effective Mass, but decreases sharply with energy in all directions.
Abstract: Using the Bodnar model, the effective mass, density of states, and g-factor of Cd3As2 are calculated. It is found that the g-factor is considerably more anisotropic than the effective mass, but decreases sharply with energy in all directions. Nous avons calcule, a partir du modele de Bodnar, la masse effective, le densite d'etats et le facteur g de Cd3As2. Nous trouvons que le facteur g est beaucoup plus anisotrope que la masse effective, et diminue rapidement en fonction de l'eergie pour toutes les directions cristallographiques.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic study of acceptors incorporated by diffusion is carried out on refined melt-grown ZnTe, and the properties of five substitutional acceptors are investigated by low-temperature photoluminescence.
Abstract: A systematic study of acceptors incorporated by diffusion is carried out on refined melt-grown ZnTe. The properties of five substitutional acceptors are investigated by low-temperature photoluminescence. Since the binding energy of excitons on neutral acceptors is almost unaffected by the central cell potential, the neutral acceptors are identified by the two-hole transitions which give accurate values of acceptor ionization energies. The two dominant acceptors “b” at 61 meV and “a” at 149 meV are identified as LiZn and CuZn, respectively, while the hole binding energies on NaZn, AgZn, and AuZn are established as 62.8, 123, and 272 meV, respectively. These experiments show that all the relatively shallow acceptors involve impurities and not stoichiometric defects. Une etude systematique des accepteurs introduits par diffusion a ete faite sur ZnTe. Les proprietes de cinq accepteurs sont etudiees en photoluminescence. Comme l'energie de liaison des excitons sur les accepteurs neutres n'est pas affectee par le potentiel de cellule centrale, les accepteurs sont identifies grǎce aux transitions deux-trous qui donnent une valeur tres precise de la profondeur de chaque niveau. Les deux accepteurs dominants: “a” a 149 meV et “b” a 61 meV sont attribues au lithium et au cuivre en site zinc alors que les niveaux accepteurs introduits par Na, Ag et Au sont respectivement a 62.8, 123 et 272 meV. L'ensemble de ces experiences montre que tous les accepteurs peu profonds mettent en jeu des impuretes et non des defauts de stoechiometrie.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a renormalization process takes place for polaritons via virtual formation of biexcitons and stimulated by the intense polariton distribution, assuming an energetically sharp distribution as is realised e.g. by dye laser excitation, the original polariton dispersion is shown to split into two new branches.
Abstract: The change of polariton dispersion is investigated theoretically if a large number of polaritons is present at frequencies near half the biexciton energy. A renormalization process takes place for polaritons via virtual formation of biexcitons and stimulated by the intense polariton distribution. Assuming an energetically sharp distribution as is realised e.g. by dye laser excitation the original polariton dispersion is shown to split into two new branches. These effects should manifest if e.g. an additional but weak probe light is used to testify the optical properties of the laser excited crystal. Furthermore the scattering lines of the two-photon resonance Raman process via biexcitons are characteristically modified due to both selfrenormalization of the incoming polaritons and renormalization of the scattered polaritons. Explicit results are presented for CuCl where agreement with experimental data recently published is found. Die Veranderung der Polaritondispersion wird theoretisch fur den Fall untersucht, das eine grose Zahl von Polaritonen bei Frequenzen um die halbe Biexcitonenenergie herum vorhanden ist. Ein Renormierungsprozes fur Polaritonen uber virtuelle Biexzitonbildung findet statt und wird durch die starke Polaritonverteilung stimuliert. Unter der Annahme einer energetisch scharfen Verteilung, wie es z. B. bei der Anregung mit einem Farbstofflaser der Fall ist, wird die ursprungliche Polaritondispersion in zwei neue Zweige zerlegt. Diese Effekte sollten sich z. B. dann ausern, wenn zusatzliches schwaches Probelicht zur Untersuchung der optischen Eigenschaften des durch den Laser angeregten Kristalls benutzt wird. Weiterhin werden die Streulinien des Zwei-Photon-Resonanz-Raman-Prozesses uber Biexzitonen charakteristisch modifiziert, sowohl durch die Selbstrenormierung der einfallenden Polaritonen als auch durch die Renormierung der gestreuten Polaritonen. Explizite Resultate werden fur CuCl vorgelegt, wobei eine Ubereinstimmung mit kurzlich publizierten experimentellen Werten gefunden wird.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, band structure and density of states of the transition metal aluminides VAl, CrAl, FeAl, CoAl, and NiAl are calculated using a modified KKR method and compared with various kinds of experimental soft X-ray spectra.
Abstract: Band structure and density of states of the transition metal aluminides VAl, CrAl, FeAl, CoAl, and NiAl are calculated using a modified KKR method and compared with various kinds of experimental soft X-ray spectra. The trends of experimental observed physical properties through the 3d transition metal series are well reflected by the band structure data and turn out to be essentially due to the degree of filling up of the transition metal d-band by Al p-electrons. In particular the results are capable of explaining the instability of a homogeneous B2 phase in the case of CrAl. Fur die Ubergangsmetallaluminide VAl, CrAl, FeAl, CoAl und NiAl werden Bandstruktur und Zustandsdichte mittels einer modifizierten KKR-Methode berechnet und mit verschiedenen Typen experimenteller weicher Rontgenspektren verglichen. Die Trends der experimentell beobachteten physikalischen Eigenschaften in der 3d-Ubergangsmetallreihe werden durch die Bandstrukturdaten gut wiedergegeben und lassen sich im wesentlichen auf den Grad der Auffullung des Ubergangsmetall-d-Bandes durch die Al-p-Elektronen zuruckfuhren. Insbesondere kann die Instabilitat einer homogenen B2-Phase im Falle von CrAl mit Hilfe der erhaltenen Ergebnisse erklart werden.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the qualitative interpretation of the full spectrum and quantitative theory of ground state splitting for CdMnTe mixed crystals on extremely thin samples (≦ 1 μm) are presented.
Abstract: Results of magnetoabsorption measurements for CdMnTe mixed crystals on extremely thin samples (≦ 1 μm) are presented. The complex structure of the exciton transition is observed. The qualitative interpretation of the full spectrum and quantitative theory of the ground state splitting is presented. Es werden Magnetoabsorptions-Untersuchungen fur sehr dunne (≦ 1 μm) CdMnTe-Mischkristalle durchgefuhrt. Die Struktur der Exzitonen-Ubergange wird beobachtet. Die qualitative Interpretation des gesamten Spektrums und die quantitative Theorie der Aufspaltung des Grundzustandes werden dargestellt.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, anisotropic emission of the K-X-radiation of boron and nitrogen in hexagonal Boron nitride BN permits the determination of the π- and s-subbands of the two X-ray spectra.
Abstract: The anisotropic emission of the K-X-radiation of boron and nitrogen in hexagonal boron nitride BN permits the determination of the π- and s-subbands of the two X-ray spectra. Together with the X-ray photoelectron spectrum a consistent picture of the valence band of BN is obtained. Position and width of the s-, s-, and π-bands are determined. None of the band structure and density-of-states calculations known so far is in satisfactory agreement with the experimental observations. Die anisotrope Emission der K-Rontgenstrahlung von Bor und Stickstoff in hexagonalem Bornitrid BN erlaubt die Bestimmung der π- und s-Teilbanden der beiden Rontgenspektren. Zusammen mit dem Rontgen-Photoelektronenspektrum ergibt sich daraus ein konsistentes Bild des Valenzbandes von BN. Breite und Lage der s-, s- und π-Bande werden bestimmt. Keine der vorliegenden Bandstruktur- und Zustandsdichteberechnungen zeigt eine zufriedenstellende Ubereinstimmung mit den experimentellen Beobachtungen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that all quantum numbers characterizing each individual state are exhaustively defined, and that are ene gy eigenvalues depend only on the sum of the cosines of these phases.
Abstract: As shown previously, a first principles calculation of the quantum states of a crystalline electron in a magnetic field leads to a difference equation. The splitting of one Landau level by a particularly simple crystalline potential has been extensively studied. This paper proceeds further for this model case: All quantum numbers characterizing each individual state are exhaustively defined. One of them is discrete and the other two are contionous phases. It is shown that are ene gy eigenvalues depend only on the sum of the cosines of these phases. These properties permit the calculation of the density of states, which still shows as a function of the magnetic field the well known erratic behaviour. Physically understandable rusults are obtained, however, for the integrated density of states: at two magnetic fields which are numerically nearly equal, the intergrated densities of states of states are numerically almost indistinguishable although very different analytically. Es wurde fruher gezeigt, das die Berechung der Quantenzustande eines Kristallelektrons im Magnetfeld zu einer Differenzengleichung fuhrt. Die Aufspaltung der Energie eines Landauzustands durch ein besonders einfaches Kristallfeld war speziell das Objekt einer Reihe von Unterschungen. Diese Arbeit geht fur diesen Modellfall weiter: alle Quantenzahlen, die einen einzelnen Quantenzustand auszeichen. werden definiert. Eine der Zahlen ist diskret, und zwei andere sind kontinuierliche Phasen. Es wird gezeigt, das die Energie nur von Summe der Cosinus der beiden Phasen abhangt. Diese Eignschaften erlauben, die Zustandsdichte zu berechnien. Sie hat immer noch die ublichen erratischen Eigenschaften als Funktion des Feldes. Physikalische verstandliche Resultate kommen erst heraus, wenn man die intergierte Zustandsdichte berechnet: wenn zwei Magnetfelder numerisch fast glich sind, so sind die intergrierten Zustandsdichten numerisch gleich, obwohl die analytische Form sehr verschieden ist.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the reflection and wavelength derivation reflection spectra from freshly cleaved SrO and BaO crystals at 55 K were interpreted in a manner consistent with optical data on MgO and CaO crystal surfaces, in terms of Γ-, X-, and L-excitons.
Abstract: Experimental studies of both reflection and wavelength derivation reflection spectra from freshly cleaved SrO and BaO crystals at 55 K are presented. The data are interpreted in a manner consistent with optical data on MgO and CaO crystal surfaces, in terms of Γ-, X-, and L-excitons. Es werden experimentelle Untersuchungen der Reflexionsspektren und der nach der Wellenlange abgeleiteten Reflexionsspektren an frisch gespaltenen SrO- und BaO-Kristallen bei 55 K durchgefuhrt. Die Werte werden mittels Γ-, X- und L-Exzitonen in einer Weise interpretiert, die mit optischen Daten an MgO- und CaO-Kristalloberflachen konsistent ist.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Ramaman spectra of rutile crystals under hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic stresses to 80 kbar and 155 kbar, respectively, were reported.
Abstract: Raman spectra of rutile crystals under hydrostatic pressures to 80 kbar and non-hydrostatic stresses to 155 kbar are reported. Spectral changes near 35 kbar, previously interpreted in terms of a transformation to TiO2 II, are shown to represent an intermediate case between the spectra of a very anharmonic material at low pressures and a relatively harmonic material at pressures greater than 50 kbar.


Journal ArticleDOI
K. Gärtner1, K. Hehl1
TL;DR: In this article, the elastic atom-atom scattering within the quasistatic model is investigated and good agreement is found for scattering of light ions on heavy atoms, but the theoretical results agree in average with the experiments but don't provide the oscillations in full magnitude.
Abstract: Recent measurements of Lindhar's scattering function are used as starting point for some theoretical investigations of the elastic atom-atom scattering within the quasistatic model. Good agreement is found for scattering of light ions on heavy atoms. For heavy collision partners the theoretical results agree in average with the experiments but don't provide the oscillations in full magnitude. This deviation is caused by neglecting the deformation of electron distributions. Ausgehend von neueren Messungen der Lindhardschen Streufunktion werden einige theoretische Untersuchungen zur elastischen Atom-Atom-Streuung im Rahmen des quasistatischen Modells gemacht. Im Falle der Streuung leichter Ionen an schweren Atomen wird eine gute Ubereinstimmung erhalten. Fur schwere Stospartner stimmen die theoretischen Ergebnisse im Mittel mit den Experimenten uberein, liefern jedoch zu schwache Oszillationen. Diese Abweichung entsteht durch das Vernachlassigen der Deformation der Elektronenverteilungen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a factor group analysis leads to the symmetries 2A1g + 2 Eg for the q = O lattice vibrations which give a non zero contribution in the first order Raman scattering.
Abstract: Phonon data are given for La2O3, Pr2O3, and Nd2O3 single crystals. The polarized Raman spectra of Nd2O3 are presented and analysed according to Pauling's structure: D3d3 (P3ml), Z = 1. A factor group analysis leads to the symmetries 2A1g + 2 Eg for the q = O lattice vibrations which give a non zero contribution in the first order Raman scattering. The experimental data are in complete agreement with these previsions. The four Raman active vibrations are shown to be those of Ln2O(II)2 entities within cages of O(I) atoms, O(I) and O(II) lying in D3d and C3v crystal sites, respectively. There are two stretching (A1g + Eg) and two bending (A1g + Eg) modes, the assignments of which are made. A tentative comparison with the oxysulphides Ln2O2S, which have also a P3ml structure, is presented. A linear correlation is found between the Ln-O(II) stretching mode frequency of the three studied sesquioxides and the c/a ratio of their hexagonal A-type structure. Les spectres Raman de monocristaux de La2O3, Pr2O3 et Nd2O3 sont donnes. Les resultats obtenus avec un cristal oriente de Nd2O3 sont interpretes sur la base de la structure D3d3 (P3ml), Z = 1, determinee par Pauling. L'analyse du groupe facteur conduit aux symetries 2 A1g + 2 Eg pour les phonons de vecteur d'onde nul actifs en diffusion Raman du premier ordre. Les resultats experimentaux sont en parfait accord avec ces previsions. On montre que les quatre vibrations actives sont celles de l'entite Ln2O(II)2 situee a l'interieur d'une cage formee par les atomes O(I), O(I) et O(II) occupant respectivement des sites D3d et C3v dans le cristal. Il y a deux modes de valence (A1g + Eg) et deux modes de deformation (A1g + Eg); les attributions correspondantes sont faites. Une comparaison est amorcee avec les spectres Raman des oxysulfures Ln2O2S, qui presentent egalement la structure P3ml. Enfin une correlation lineaire est mise en evidence pour les trois composes entre la frequence des modes de valence Ln-O(II) et le rapport c/a de la structure hexagonale de type A.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the dielectric spectra of BaTiO3 single-domain and polydomain tetragonal crystals with 180° domain structure are investigated over a wide range of frequencies from 103 to 1010 Hz.
Abstract: The dielectric spectra of BaTiO3 single-domain and polydomain tetragonal crystals with 180° domain structure are investigated over the wide range of frequencies 103 to 1010 Hz. It is shown that the dielectric permittivity e33 of the single-domain crystals has three regions of dispersion including two regions of the high-frequency relaxation. There is no relaxation contribution to the permittivity e11 of the single-domain crystals. In polydomain crystals the decrease of the low-frequency dielectric permittivity and the increase of the high-frequency one, due to the domain piezoelectric interaction, are observed. The results obtained are discussed from the point of view of the structural disorder in a real crystal. Conclusions are made concerning the ion potential relief character and the phase transition nature in BaTiO3. Die dielektrischen Spektren von Eindomanen- und Mehrdomanen-Kristallen mit 180°-Domanenstruktur aus tetragonalem BaTiO3 werden in dem breiten Frequenzbereich von 103 bis 1010 Hz untersucht. Es wird geeigt, das die Dielektrizitatskonstante e33, der Eindomanen-Kristalle drei Dispersionbereiche besitzt, darunter zwei Bereiche mit Hochfrequenzrelaxationen. Der Relaxationsbeitrag fehlt dagegen in der Dielektrizitatskonstanten e11 bei den Eindomanen-Kristallen. In den Mehrdomanen-Kristallen wird eine Verkleinerung der Niederfrequenzdielektrizitatskonstante und eine Vergroserung der Hochfrequenzdielektrizitatskonstante infolge der piezoelektrischen Wechselwirkung der Domanen beobachtet. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse werden unter dem Gesichtpunkt der Strukturanordnung in realen Kristallen diskutiert. Man kann daraus Schlusse uber die Form des Ionenpotentials und die Art der Phasenubergange im BaTiO3 ziehen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectral distribution of both, excitation and emission of luminescence of ZnS:Mn with manganese on different lattice sites is investigated by dye laser spectroscopy.
Abstract: The spectral distribution of both, excitation and emission of luminescence of ZnS:Mn with manganese on different lattice sites is investigated by dye laser spectroscopy. An unambiguous correlation of zero-phonon lines due to Mn2+ in cubic and different axial lattice sites is given. The relative oscillator strength of the fluorescent transition of Mn2+ in different crystal sites is determined by exciting within the zero-phonon transitions of the absorption and by registering the zero-phonon lines in emission, which belong to the same lattice sites, respectively. Die spektrale Verteilung der Anregung und Emission der Lumineszenz von ZnS:Mn, dessen Mangan-Aktivatoren sich auf verschiedenen Gitterplatzen befinden, wird mit Hilfe der Farb-Laser-Spektroskopie untersucht. Dabei gelingt eine eindeutige Zuordnung der Nullphononenlinien der Emission von Mn zu entsprechenden Linien der Anregung fur Mangan auf kubischen und axial gestorten Gitterplatzen. Die relativen Oszillatorstarken der Fluoreszenzubergange der Aktivatoren auf den verschiedenen Gitterplatzen werden ermittelt.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the hopping conductivity in a system with nearest neighbor hopping is investigated by using an effective medium approximation, which is qualitatively in agreement with experimental results on doped semiconductors.
Abstract: Starting from the rate equation in presence of an electrical field with arbitrary strength the hopping conductivity in a system with nearest neighbour hopping is investigated by using an effective medium approximation. At not too high fields the differential conductivity is shown to decrease with increasing field. This behaviour is qualitatively in agreement with experimental results on doped semiconductors. Ausgehend von der Ratengleichung bei Anwesenheit eines elektrischen Feldes beliebiger Starke wird die Hoppingleitfahigkeit in einem System mit Hopping zwischen nachsten Nachbarn in der Naherung des effektiven Mediums untersucht. Es zeigt sich, das bei nicht zu starken Feldern die differentielle Leitfahigkeit mit wachsendem Feld abnimmt. Dieses Verhalten ist qualitativ in Ubereinstimmung mit an dotierten Halbleitern gewonnenen experimentellen Resultaten.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic temperature investigation of the Shubnikov-de Haas effect in Hg1−xMnxSe is reported, where band parameters are determined including exchange parameters which are characteristic for semimagnetic semiconductors.
Abstract: A systematic temperature investigation of the Shubnikov-de Haas effect in Hg1−xMnxSe is reported. Band parameters are determined including exchange parameters which are characteristic for semimagnetic semiconductors and responsible for the anomalous temperature dependence of spin split energy levels. The effective mass is determined from the ShdH amplitude in restricted higher temperature region. The exchange parameters are used as adjustable parameters to fit the observed ShdH peak positions at all measuring temperatures. Es wird einesystematische Temperaturuntersuchung des Shubnikov-de Haas-Effekts in Hg1−xMnxSe durchgefuhrt. Bandparameter einschlieslich der Austauschparameter werden bestimmt, die fur semimagnetische Halbleiter charakteristisch und verantwortlich fur die anomale Temperaturabhangigkeit der spinaufgespaltenen Energieniveaus sind. Aus der ShdH-Amplitude wird in einem beschrankten Hochtemperaturbereich die effektive Masse bestimmt. Die Austauschparameter werden als anpasbare Parameter benutzt, um die beobachteten ShdH-Maxima bei allen Mestemperaturen anzupassen.