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Showing papers in "Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics in 1989"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of excitons localized by alloy potential fluctuations in CdS1-xSex on the time resolved luminescence spectra.
Abstract: Picosecond time resolved luminescence is investigated of excitons localized by alloy potential fluctuations in CdS1–xSex. Time resolved luminescence spectra, as well as time decay curves and time integrated luminescence spectra of a CdS0.36Se0.64 sample are fitted using a model in which transfer to lower energy states occurs through the tunnel effect assisted by acoustic phonons. The density of states is taken to be exponential with a characteristic energy, E0, equal to 2.2 meV. The radiative lifetime is 1.5 ns. The nonradiative lifetime due to transfer is inversely proportional to the number of available states at lower energy. Close agreement with the experimental results can also be found with a phenomenological model. Nous etudions la luminescence resolue en temps due aux excitons localises par les fluctuations de potential d'alliage dans CdS1–xSex. Les spectres de luminescence resolue en temps, les courbes de decroissance temporelle ainsi que les spectres de luminescence integree en temps d'un echantillon de composition CdS0,36Se0,64 sont ajustes en utilisant le modele de transfert par effet tunnel assiste par phonon acoustique. La densite d'etats decroit exponentiellement avec une energie caracteristique E0 = 2,2 meV. Le temps de vie radiatif est egal a 1,5 ns. Le temps de vie non-radiatif dǔ au transfert est inversement proportionnel au nombre d'etats disponsibles a plus basse energie. Un modele phenomenologique donne egalement un bon accord avec les resultats experimentaux.

166 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors apply the method of two-scale asymptotic expansions to the displacement field in periodic elastic structures and derive the completed macroscopic stress-strain relation of such media.
Abstract: Applying the method of two-scale asymptotic expansions to the displacement field in periodic elastic structures the completed macroscopic stress-strain relation of such media is derived. This relation contains beside the usually considered local part also weakly nonlocal contributions in the form of strain gradients up to infinite order. Formulae for the determination of the pertaining homogenized material tensors are derived. Unter Benntzung der Methods der asymptotischen Entwicklung fur die Verschiebungsfelder in periodischen elastischen Strukturen wird die vollstandige makroskopische Spannungs-Dehnungs-Beziehung solcher Medien abgeleitet. Diese Beziehung enthalt neben dem ublieherweise berucksichtigten lokalen Anteil auch schwach nichtlokale Beitrage in Form von Spannungsgradienten bis zur unendlichen Ordnung. Formeln fur die Bestimmung der zugehorig homogenisierten Materialtensoren werden abgeleitet.

92 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a perturbation expression of the gyromagnetic factor of d3 ions is derived considering the spinorbit coupling of the ligand ions and taking into account all the excited states besides 4T2 state.
Abstract: A perturbation expression of the gyromagnetic factor of d3 ions is derived considering the spinorbit coupling of the ligand ions and taking into account all the excited states besides 4T2 state. The molecular orbital coefficients are determined by means of a semiempirical method in estimating the g-shift. The results show that the contribution of the spin–orbit coupling of the ligand ions to the g-shift must be considered for ligand ions possessing large spin–orbit coupling constants. The g-shifts of CsVX3 are calculated and the results agree well with experimental data. Ein Storungsausdruck des gyromagnetischen Faktors von d3-Ionen wird abgeleitet, wobei die Spin–Bahn-Kopplung der Ligandenionen berucksichtigt wird, sowie alle angeregten Zustande, neben dem 4T2-Zustand. Die Molekularorbital-Koeffizienten werden mittels einer halbempirischen Methode fur die Berechnung der g-Verschiebung bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, das der Beitrag der Spin–Bahn-Kopplung der Ligandenionen zur g-Verschiebung fur Ligandenionen mit grosen Spin–Bahn-Kopplungskonstanten berucksichtigt werden mus. Die g-Verschiebungen von CsVX3 werden berechnet und die Ergebnisse stimmen gut mit experimentellen Werten uberein.

61 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Les modeles theoriques et phenomenologiques proposes jusqu'alors ne semblent prendre en compte que partiellement ce qui a ete observe experimentalement.
Abstract: Les modeles theoriques et phenomenologiques proposes jusqu'alors ne semblent prendre en compte que partiellement ce qui a ete observe experimentalement. Les mesures de contrainte, les effets de l'irradiation (a la fois electronique et neutronique) et les tests de recuit thermique suggerent fortement la nature complexe du centre EL2

54 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic band structure of CaS, SrS, and BaS is calculated by linear augmented plane waves (LAPW), which is applied for the explanation of the optical properties of the alkaline-earth-metal sulphides.
Abstract: The electronic band structure of CaS, SrS, and BaS is calculated by linear augmented plane waves (LAPW). The calculation is applied for the explanation of the optical properties of the alkalineearth-metal sulphides. Die elektronische Bandstruktur von CaS, SrS und BaS wird mit der LAPW-Methode berechnet. Die Rechnung wird fur die Erklarung der optischen Eigenschaften der Erdalkali-Sulphide benutzt.

49 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal excitation of holes from Anderson localized states of the top of the silica valence band above the mobility edge corresponds to the thermally stimulated luminescence peak at 125 K, and the analogous optical transition.
Abstract: A quantitative simulation in the cluster approximation is made of an autolocalized hole in the amorphous SiO2 network. A model is suggested in which the thermal excitation of holes from Anderson localized states of the top of the silica valence band above the mobility edge corresponds to the thermally stimulated luminescence peak at 125 K, and the analogous optical transition — the radiation-induced low-temperature IR-absorption. The position and form both, of the peak and absorption band and their thermo- and photostability are explained. [Russian Text Ignored].

44 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new empirical many-body potential energy function is proposed which comprises two-and three-body interactions and is applied for the investigation of structural stability and energy properties of microclusters.
Abstract: A new empirical many-body potential energy function is proposed which comprises two- and three-body interactions. The two-body potential is a kind of hybrid function and the three-body potential is expressed in terms of the two-body interactions. The parameters of the potential energy function can be easily evaluated using dimer data and the bulk cohesive energy of the system considered. The proposed potential energy function is parameterized for several elements in f.c.c., b.c.c., and diamond structures and is applied for the investigation of structural stability and energetics of microclusters. The agreement between the present results and literature values is good. Eine neue empirische Viel-Korper-Potentialfunktion wird vorgeschlagen, die Zwei- und Dreikorperwechselwirkungen beschreibt. Das Zwei-Korperpotential ist eine Art von Hybridfunktion und das Drei-Korper-Potential wird durch Zwei-Korperwechselwirkungen ausgedruckt. Die Parameter der Potentialenergiefunktion konnen mit Dimerdaten und der Volumenkohasionsenergie des betrachteten Systems einfach berechnet werden. Die vorgeschlagene Potentialfunktion wird fur einige Elemente in k.f.z.-, k.r.z.- und Diamant-Strukturen parametrisiert und zur Untersuchung der Strukturstabilitat und Energetik von Mikroclustern angewendet. Die Ubereinstimmung zwischen den vorgelegten Ergebnissen und Literaturwerten ist gut.

41 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the 4fN(Ln3+) energy level structures in a series of LiYF4:Ln 3+ systems is presented, where spin-correlated crystal-field (SCCF) interactions are considered in the phenomenological energy level analyses.
Abstract: Comparative analyses of the 4fN(Ln3+) energy level structures in a series of LiYF4:Ln3+ systems are reported. These analyses focus on empirical energy level data currently available in the literature for the Pr3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+ systems, and they are based on the use of a phenomenological Hamiltonian that permits trans-series comparisons of 4f-electron/crystal-field interactions. Spin-correlated crystal-field (SCCF) interactions are considered in the phenomenological energy level analyses of the Pr3+, Nd3+, Er3+, and Tm3+ systems. Differences between analyses carried out with and without inclusion of SCCF effects are most apparent for the Er3+ and Tm3+ systems. For these systems, inclusion of SCCF effects leads to significant improvement in agreement between calculated and observed crystal-field splittings within certain multiplet manifolds. The calculated crystal-field energy level structures within the 1G4 and 1D2 multiplets of Tm3+ and the lowest-energy 2H11/2 multiplet of Er3+ exhibit particular sensitivity to the SCCF components of the model Hamiltonian. Comparisons between the present work and previously reported analyses of LiYF4:Ln3+ systems are presented. Es wird eine vergleichende Analyse der 4fN(Ln3+)-Energieniveaustrukturen in einer Reihe von LiYF4:Ln3+-Systemen durchgefuhrt. Diese Analyse konzentriert sich auf empirische Energieniveaudaten, die in der Literatur fur Pr3+-, Nd3+-, Eu3+-, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+- und Tm3+-Systeme vorhanden sind, und sie beruhen auf der Benutzung eines phanomenologischen Hamiltonians, der Reihenvergleiche der 4f-Elektronen/Kristallfeldwechselwirkungen erlaubt. Spin-korrelierte Kristallfeld (SCCF)-Wechselwirkungen werden in der phanomenologischen Energieniveauanalyse der Pr3+-, Nd3+-, Er3+- und Tm3+-Systeme berucksichtigt. Differenzen zwischen den Analysen mit und ohne Einbeziehung der SCCF-Effekte treten am deutlichsten fur die Er3+- und Tm3+-Systeme auf. Fur diese Systeme fuhrt die Einbeziehung der SCCF-Effekte zu einer betrachtlichen Verbesserung der Ubereinstimmung zwischen berechneten und beobachteten Kristallfeldaufspaltungen innerhalb bestimmter Multiplettmannigfaltigkeiten. Die berechneten Kristallfeldenergiestrukturen innerhalb der 1G4- und 1D2-Multipletts von Tm3+ und dem 2H11/2-Multiplett von Er3+ mit der niedrigsten Energie zeigen eine besondere Empfindlichkeit gegenuber den SCCF-Komponenten des Modell-Hamiltonians. Vergleiche zwischen der vorliegenden Arbeit und fruher mitgeteilten Analysen des LiYF4:Ln3+-Systems werden angegeben.

41 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of an experimental study of the temperature (T) dependent dc conductivity σdc, Tdependent thermoelectric power (TEP), and electron spin resonance in a new conducting polyethylenevinylacetate-polyoctylthiophene (EVAPOT) polymer blend doped with FeCl3 are presented in this paper.
Abstract: The results of an experimental study of the temperature (T) dependent dc conductivity σdc, T-dependent thermoelectric power (TEP), and electron spin resonance in a new conducting polyethylenevinylacetate–polyoctylthiophene (EVAPOT) polymer blend doped with FeCl3 are presented. For a POT content of 20 wt% σdc (300 K) varies from 10−10 to 1 Ω−1 cm−1 with increasing doping, while σdc(T) fits σdc(T) = σ0 exp [– (T0/T)1/2], especially in highly conducting material. In the most heavily doped samples TEP shows metallic behaviour and the charge transport is described by the granular metal model. In lightly doped samples the T-dependence of TEP follows the T−1-law for band conduction in non-degenerate crystalline or amorphous semiconductors. This is the first time the latter behaviour is found in conducting polymers. Die Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Untersuchung der Temperatur (T)-Abhangigkeit der Gleichstromleitfahigkeit σdc, der T-abhangigen thermoelektrischen Spannung (TEP) und Elektronenspinresonanz einer neuen leitfahigen FeCl3-dotierten Polyathylenvinylazetat–Polyoctylthiophen (EVAPOT)-Polymermischung werden mitgeteilt. Fur einen POT-Gehalt von 20 Gew.% andert sich σdc (300 K) von 10−10 auf 1 Ω−1 cm−1 mit wachsender Dotierung wahrend σdc(T) der Beziehung σdc(T) = σ0 exp [– (T0/T)1/2] folgt insbesondere in hochleitfahigem Material. In den am hochsten dotierten Proben zeigt die TEP metallisches Verhalten und der Ladungstransport last sich mit einem Modell fur Metall in Granulatform beschreiben. In schwach dotierten Proben folgt die T-Abhangigkeit der TEP dem T−1-Gesetz fur Bandleitung in nichtentarteten kristallinen oder amorphen Halbleitern. Dieses Verhalten wird erstmalig fur leitfahige Polymere gefunden.

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on the Kronig-Penney model of quantum mechanics, the nucleation field for a periodic multilayer composed of two alternating layers with different crystalline anisotropies is determined in this article.
Abstract: The linearized micromagnetic equation for inhomogeneous nucleation in planar soft magnetic regions is derived and interpreted as a one-dimensional Schrodinger equation. Based on the Kronig-Penney model of quantum mechanics, the nucleation field for a periodic multilayer composed of two alternating layers with different crystalline anisotropies is determined. Die linearisierte mikromagnetische Gleichung fur die inhomogene Keimbildung in ebenen weichmagnetischen Bereichen wird abgeleitet, und es wird gezeigt, das diese der eindimensionalen Schrodingergleichung entspricht. Ausgehend vom Kronig-Penney-Modell der Quantenmechanik wird das Keimbildungsfeld einer periodischen Vielfachschicht, die aus zwei alternierenden Schichten mit verschiedenen Kristallanisotropien zusammengesetzt ist, berechnet.

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, absorption and emission studies on Pb2+ and Bi3+ centers in different alkaline-earth fluorides are reported, where the A absorption is observed in the ultraviolet and the B and C absorption in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral range.
Abstract: Absorption and emission studies on Pb2+ and Bi3+ centres in different alkaline-earth fluorides are reported. The A absorption is observed in the ultraviolet and the B and C absorption in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral range. The A band in CaF2 exhibits a vibrational structure. At low temperatures the symmetry-forbidden B′ emission (3Eu, 3T2u 1A1g) and the spin- and symmetryforbidden α emission (3A1u 1A1g) are observed. In CaF2 and SrF2 the α emission exhibits a distinct vibrational structure. Its zero-phonon line is due to a strong hyperfine coupling. At higher temperatures the α emission as well as the B′ emission vanish and only the A′ emission is left. Absorptions- und Emissionsuntersuchungen werden an Pb2+- und Bi3+-Zentren in verschiedenen Erdalkalifluoriden durchgefuhrt. Die A-Absorption wird im Ultraviolettbereich und die B- und C-Absorption im Vakuum-UV-Spektralbereich beobachtet. Die A-Bande in CaF2 zeigt Schwingungsstruktur. Bei tiefen Temperaturen wird die symmetrieverbotene B′-Emissioin (3Eu, 3T2u 1A1g) und die spin- und symmetrieverbotene α-Emission (3A1u 1A1g) beobachtet. In CaF2 und SrF2 zeigt die α-Emission eine unterschiedliche Schwingungsstruktur. Ihre Null-Phononlinie wird durch starke Hyperfeinkopplung verursacht. Bei hoheren Temperaturen verschwindet sowohl die α-Emission als auch die B′-Emission, und nur die A′-Emission bleibt ubrig.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a computational technique is developed to evaluate electron and electron-positron momentum densities in silicon and germanium and the use of these to provide means of interpreting the k-space densities obtained by experimentalis's using the two-dimensional angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation technique (2D ACAR).
Abstract: A computational technique is developed to evaluate electron and electron—positron momentum densities in silicon and germanium and the use of these to provide means of interpreting the k-space densities obtained by experimentalis's using the two-dimensional angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation technique (2D ACAR). As a consequence of the good agreement observed in the momentum densities and the LCW folded data obtained for silicon and germanium the independent particle approximation (IPM) coupled with the use of electron pseudo-wavefunctions represent an excellent starting point for a systematic many-particle description of the process, since significant deviations from the experimental angular correlation distribution can be ascribed to the electron—positron and electron—electron interactions. Nous presentons dans ce papier le developpement des techniques de calcul computationnelles pour evaluer les densites de moment de l'electron et de l'electron—positron dans le cas du silicium et du germanium. L'utilisation de ces techniques donne les moyens d'interpreter les densitěs dans l'espace des k obtenues par les experimentateurs utilisant la correlation angulaire a deux dimensions de la technique d'annihilation des positrons (2D ACAR). Le bon accord observe entre les densites de moment et les donnees obtenues par le theoreme LCW pour le silicium et le germanium montre que l'approximation de la particule independante (IPM) associee aux pseudofonctions d'onde de l'electron constitue un excellent point de depart pour la description systematique du processus a plusieurs particules. les ecarts entre les resultats calcules et experimentaux de la distribution de la correlation angulaire peuvent ětre attribues aux interactions electron—electron et electron—positron.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the mechanisms of radiation stimulated diffusion in solids is discussed, and the results of experimental investigations on the effect of proton, ion, neutron, electron, gamma, and X-ray irradiation on the processes of diffusive displacements of impurities in semiconductors are summarized.
Abstract: In the present review the mechanisms of radiation stimulated diffusion in solids are discussed. The results of experimental investigations on the effect of proton, ion, neutron, electron, {gamma}-, and X-ray irradiation on the processes of diffusive displacements of impurities in semiconductors are summarized. At present proton enhanced diffusion of impurities in semiconductors has received much attention. 80 refs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical comparison is made of the lattice-vibrational properties resulting within the macroscopic continuum model and a closely parallel microscopic force-constant model.
Abstract: A critical comparison is made of the lattice-vibrational properties resulting within the macroscopic continuum model and a closely parallel microscopic force-constant model. The elastic and electric forces are treated in the same manner. However, the atomic structure of matter and the bulk phonon dispersion are neglected in the continuum approach. For that reason it cannot explain the optical frequency spectrum of a superlattice even not in the long-wavelength limit. On the other hand, the principal line shape of the atomic displacement patterns for optical phonons can be satisfactorily described by envelopes, at least, if the arbitrariness inherent any theory neglecting dispersion is utilized in an appropriate way. This holds particularly for modes which are not accompanied by long-range electric fields. For the other modes — the p-polarized symmetrical phonons propagating not parallel to the superlattice axis — the problem of identification appears additionally since the interface character restricted to four modes in the dispersionless continuum approach is distributed among all symmetrical phonons within the microscopic theory. Es wird ein kritischer Vergleich der Gitterschwingingseigenschaften, wie sie aus dem makrosko-pischen Kontinuumsmodell bzw. einem parallelen mikroskopischen Kraftkonstantenmodell resultieren, durchgefuhrt. Die elastischen und elektrischen Krafte werden gleich behandelt, die Dispersion der Volumenphononen aber in der Kontinuumsnaherung vernachlassigt. Deswegen kann diese auch nicht im langwelligen Grenzfall das optische Phononenspektrum eines Supergitters erklaren. Andererseits kann im Rahmen der Kontinuumsapproximation die Linienform der atomaren Auslenkungen in befriedigender Weise durch Einhullende beschrieben werden, zumindestens wenn mit der Unbestimmtheit, die jeder dispersionsfreien Theorie inharent ist, geeignet umgegangon wird. Diese Aussage gilt besonders fur die Moden, die nicht von langreichweitigen elektrischen Feldern begleitet werden. fur die anderen Moden — die p-polarisierten symmetrischen Phononen, die sich nicht parallel zur Supergitterachse ausbreiten — taucht zusatzlich das Problem der wechselseitigen Identifizierung auf, da der Grenzflachencharakter, der in der dispersionsfreien Kontinuumsnaherung auf vier Moden beschrankt ist, in der mikroskopischen Theorie auf alle symmetrischen Phononen verteilt wird.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, partial and total electronic stopping cross sections of solids and atoms for protons are estimated by the recently developed wave packet theory and the Lindhard theory, on the basis of the independent shell model.
Abstract: Partial and total electronic stopping cross sections of solids and atoms for protons are estimated by the recently developed wave packet theory and the Lindhard theory. The wavepacket theory presents the one-shell dielectric function for the bound electrons (BE's) in the framework of RPA by adopting the momentum space representation, where the BE's are treated as an interacting electron gas. Numerical estimation of the stoppings are performed over a wide specific energy range, i.e., 1 to 104 keV/amu, on the basis of the independent shell model. The oscillatory behavior of the stopping cross sections are also shown with respect to target atomic number. The calculated results are in good agreement with the data. Es werden die partiellen und totalen elektronischen Bremsquerschnitte von Festkorpern und Atomen fur Protonen mittels der kurzlich entwickelten Wellenpakettheorie und der Theorie von Lindhard berechnet. Durch Benutzung der Impulsraumdarstellung im Rahmen der RPA liefert die Wellenpunkttheorie die Ein-Schalen-Dielektrische Funktion fur gebundene Elektronen (BE), wobei die BE als wechselwirkendes Elektronengas behandelt werden. Eine numerische Berechnung der Bremsquerschnitte wird uber einen breiten spezifischen Energiebereich, d. h. 1 bis 104 keV/amu auf der Grundlage des unabhangigen Schalenmodells durchgefuhrt. Das oszillatorische Verhalten der Bremsquerschnitte wird auch bezuglich der Atomzahl des Targets gezeigt. Die berechneten Ergebnisse sind in guter Ubereinstimmung mit den Werten.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, anisotropic and isotropic reorientations of polycrystalline pentafluoroantimonates (III) M2SbF5 (M = Rb, K, Cs, Tl, NH4) and diffusion motion of the fluorine ions are found.
Abstract: 19F NMR spectra and relaxation times T,1, T2, T1e and electric conductivity in isostructural polycrystalline pentafluoroantimonates (III) M2SbF5 (M = Rb, K, Cs, Tl, NH4) are measured. It is found that the observed changes in the NMR spectra and relaxation times with temperature are determined by three types of motion: anisotropic and isotropic reorientations of [SbF5E]2− octahedra and diffusion motion of the fluorine ions. Parameters of these motions are found. All the compounds investigated show high conductivity at high temperature, amounting in the case of thallium and ammonium salts the values of σ = 101 to 100Ω−1 m−1 typical of superionic crystals. It is shown that the observed high conductivity is determined by fast diffusion motion of fluorine ions. On the basis of the data obtained a mechanism of fluorine ion diffusion is proposed. In (NH4)2SbF5 at 398 K a phase transition is found. [Russian Text Ignored].

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the luminescence decay times of Tl+-type ions in MgS, CaS, SrS, and BaS are measured as a function of temperature from 4.2 to 150 K.
Abstract: The luminescence decay times of Tl+-type ions in MgS, CaS, SrS, and BaS are measured as a function of temperature from 4.2 to 150 K. By applying a three-level model, the energy difference ΔE between the lower excited states 3T1u(3P1) and 3A1u(3P0) and the transition probabilities from the two excited states to the ground state 3A1g(1S0) are derived. The values of the parameters are compared with each other and with those for alkaline-earth oxides. Die Lumineszenzabklingzeiten von Tl+-Typ Ionen in MgS, CaS, SrS und BaS werden im Temperaturbereich von 4.2 bis 150 K untersucht. Durch Anwendung eines Dreiniveauschemas werden die Energiedifferenz ΔE zwischen den niedrigen angeregten Zustanden 3T1u(3P1) und 3A1u(3P0) und die Ubergangswahrscheinlichkeiten von diesen angeregten Zustanden zum Grundzustand 1A1g(1S0) erhalten. Die Parameterwerte werden miteinander und mit denen der Erdalkalioxide verglichen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the transmission coefficient and resonance condition were derived theoretically in rectangular n-fold barrier structures, and the expressions are useful for evaluating the energy variations of the transmission coefficients and estimating the resonance energy.
Abstract: Resonant tunneling is studied theoretically in rectangular n-fold barrier structures. Analytical expressions of the transmission coefficient and the resonance condition are derived for the first time. It is believed that the expressions are useful for evaluating the energy variations of the transmission coefficient and estimating the resonance energy, and for resonant tunneling device fabrications. Resonanztunneln wird in einer rechtwinkligen n-fachen Barrierenstruktur theoretisch untersucht. Erstmals werden analytische Ausdrucke fur den Transmissionskoeffizienten und die Resonanzbedingung abgeleitet. Es wird angenommen, das die Ausdrucke fur die Berechnung der Energieanderungen des Transmissionskoeffizienten und der Resonanzenergie sowie fur die Fertigung von Resonanztunnelelementen nutzlich sind.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electron and positron charge densities are calculated as a function of position in the unit cell for two diamond and zinc-blende semiconductors, using wave functions derived from nonlocal pseudopotential band structure calculations for the electronic part, and the positron wave functions are calculated for single-particle approximation in manner which is free of any theoretical assumptions.
Abstract: The electron and positron charge densities are calculated as a function of position in the unit cell for two diamond and zincblende semiconductors, using wave functions derived from nonlocal pseudopotential band structure calculations for the electronic part, and the positron wave functions are calculated for single-particle approximation in manner which is free of any theoretical assumptions. Les densites de charge electronique et positronique sont calculees en fonction de la position dans la maille cellulaire pour deux semiconducteurs de structures diamant et zinc-blende. Pour la partie electronique, les fonctions d'onde sont obtenues a partir des calculs de structure de bande utilisant le pseudopotentiel non local. Les fonctions d'onde du positron sont calculees a partir de l'approximation qui consiste a ne considerer qu'une seule particule.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new calculation method of determining the elastic constants of a polycrystalline material from single-crystal elastic coefficients is presented, which can be applied to any crystal symmetry and allows to take texture into account.
Abstract: A new calculation method of determining the elastic constants of a polycrystalline material from single-crystal elastic coefficients is presented. The averaging procedure satisfies the condition of commutation with the inversion operation. It can be applied to any crystal symmetry and allows to take texture into account. The properties of the averaging procedure are given and compared to the corresponding properties of the arithmetic averaging method. Eine neue Berechnungsmethode zur Bestimmung der elastischen Konstanten von polykristallinem Material aus Einkristallkonstanten wird dargestellt. Die Vertauschungsrelation zwischen der Mittelungsprozedur und der Inversionsoperation ist erfullt. Die Methode kann fur jede Kristallsymmetrie angewandt werden und erlaubt die Berucksichtigung der Textur. Die Eigenschaften der vorgeschlagenen Mittelungsprozedur werden gezeigt und mit den entsprechenden Eigenschaften der arithmetischen Mittelung verglichen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using a pump-and-probe technique, the absorption changes of microcrystallites embedded in a glass matrix are studied in this article, where a blue shift of the resonance and a bleaching of the absorption at photon energies lower than the photon energy of the pump are observed accompanied by an increase of absorption at higher photon energies.
Abstract: Using a “pump-and-probe” technique, the absorption changes of CuCl microcrystallites embedded in a glass matrix are studied. A blue shift of the resonance and a bleaching of the absorption at photon energies lower than the photon energy of the pump, is observed accompanied by an increase of absorption at higher photon energies. Nous etudions les variations induites d'absorption de microcristallites de CuCl dispersees dans du verre, en utilisant une technique „pompe et test”. Nous observons un deplacement vers le bleu de la resonance excitonique, une diminution de l'absorption a des energies de photon inferieures a celle de la pompe, ainsi qu'une augmentation de l'absorption a des energies superieures.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a model for the interaction between magnetodielectriques and magnetorite spinelles, and a perovskites de composition arbitraire.
Abstract: Prevision des valeurs d'interaction d'echange et des temperatures de Curie des magnetodielectriques en utilisant le modele de liaison de superechange et les variations caracteristiques de l'integrale d'echange intraatomique, des parametres de transfert, de l'energie d'excitation des electrons du coordinat au cation sur un nombre d'electrons dans les couches 3d des cations. Application a des ferrites spinelles et a des perovskites de composition arbitraire

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a determination d'une expression decrivant la constante dielectrique en fonction de la microstructure for un composite binaire is presented.
Abstract: Determination d'une expression decrivant la constante dielectrique en fonction de la microstructure pour un composite binaire. Presentation de resultats explicites pour des microstructures typiques

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the 4f2(Pr3+) energy level structure in LiYF4:Pr3+ and LiBiF4-Pr3+, and a data set that contains 37 levels assigned in common for the two systems are compared.
Abstract: Comparative analyses of the 4f2(Pr3+) energy level structure in LiYF4:Pr3+ and LiBiF4:Pr3+ are reported. These analyses are based on a phenomenological crystal-field model that includes some (partial) consideration of electron-correlation effects in the 4f-electron-crystal-field interactions. Parametric fits of calculated-to-experimental energy level data are reported for a 48-level data set for LiYF4:Pr3+, a 38-level data set for LiBiF4:Pr3+, and a data set that contains 37 levels assigned in common for the two systems. The 4f2 energy level structure is qualitatively similar in the two systems, but the LiYF4:Pr3+ system exhibits slightly stronger crystal-field interactions. Inclusion of spin-correlated crystal-field (SCCF) interactions in the phenomenological energy level analyses produces slightly improved agreement between calculated and empirical results, but it does not resolve major discrepancies between calculated and observed crystal-field splittings within the 1G4 and 1D2 multiplet manifolds.

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TL;DR: In this article, a method of the one-electron density matrix determination from X-ray diffraction data is developed, which takes into account the translational symmetry and is applicable to covalent crystals.
Abstract: The method of the one-electron density matrix determination from X-ray diffraction data is developed. It takes into account the translational symmetry and is applicable to covalent crystals. The crystal energies and directed Compton profiles are calculated in impulse approximation for silicon and diamond. The agreement with the experiments is rather good. Die Methode der Ein-Elektronen-Dichtematrixbestimmung aus Rontgenbeugungsdaten wird entwickelt. Sie berucksichtigt die Translationssymmetrie und ist auf kovalente Kristalle anwendbar. Die Kristallenergien und gerichteten Compton-Profile werden in Impulsnaherung fur Silizium und Diamant berechnet. Die Ubereinstimmung mit den Experimenten ist recht gut.

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TL;DR: In this article, a new approach to the interband tunneling in semiconductor junctions is developed, which generalizes the traditional WKB and EMA theories, which fail in the limits of strong fields and inhomogeneous fields, respectively.
Abstract: A new approach to the interband tunneling in semiconductor junctions is developed. It generalizes the traditional WKB and EMA theories, which fail in the limits of strong fields and inhomogeneous fields, respectively. The given expression for the energetic tunneling rate remains valid in both limits. In the strong field case it tends to the parabolic band EMA result, whereas for low fields with medium inhomogeneity any band structure model is possible. A Kane model is used to calculate tunneling and total I–U-characteristics for narrow gap diodes. The breakdown behaviour yields information about the electrically active doping profile. Es wird ein neuer Zugang zum Interband-Tunneln in pn-Ubergangen von Halbleitern entwickelt. Er verallgemeinert die herkommlichen WKB- und EMA-Theorien, die in den Grenzfallen des starken bzw. inhomogenen elektrischen Feldes versagen. Der angegebene Ausdruck fur die energetische Tunnel-Generationsrate bleibt in beiden Grenzfallen gultig. Im Falle des starken Feldes geht er in das EMA-Resultat fur parabolische Bandstruktur uber, wahrend fur schwache Felder mit mittlerer Inhomogenitat ein beliebiges Bandstrukturmodell verwendet werden kann. Ein Kane-Modell wird zur Berechnung von Tunnel- und Gesamtstrom-Spannungscharakteristiken fur Dioden aus schmalluckigem Material verwendet. Das Durchbruchverhalten liefert Informationen uber das elektrisch aktive Dotierungsprofil.

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TL;DR: In this article, X-band EPR measurements on a single crystal of Cu2+-doped magnesium acetate tetrahydrate, Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O, are made at 295, 77, and 4.2 K.
Abstract: X-band EPR measurements on a single crystal of Cu2+-doped magnesium acetate tetrahydrate, Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O, are made at 295, 77, and 4.2 K. The Cu2+ spin-Hamiltonian parameters are evaluated, at all these temperatures, from the EPR line positions by means of a rigorous leastsquares fitting method. The principal values of the g2 and A2 tensors indicate that the local symmetry of the Cu2+ ion, in the host lattice of Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O crystal, is tetragonal. The room-temperature optical-absorption spectrum, recorded in the 190 to 820 nm wavelength range, is exploited to study the crystal-field and charge-transfer transitions of the Cu2+ ion. On the other hand, both the room-temperature optical-absorption and EPR data are used to estimate the core polarization contribution (K) and the molecular-orbital coefficients for the Cu2+ ion doping Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O. On a mesure le RPE a bande-X sur un monocristal de Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O, dope par l'ion Cu2+ a 295, a 77 et a 4,2 K. Les parametres du spin hamiltonian du Cu2+ ont ete evalues, a toutes ces temperatures, par une methode rigoureuse d'adatation aux moindres carres, utilisant les positions des raies RPE. Les valeurs principales des tenseurs g2 et A2 indiquent que la symetrie locale de l'ion Cu2+, dans le reseau-hǒte du cristal de Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O, est tetragonal. Le spectre d'absorption optique, a la temperature ambinate, enregistre dans l'intervalle de longueur d'onde 190 a 820 nm, a ete exploite afin d'etudier les transitions du champ cristallin, ainsi que celles du transfert de charge. D'un autre cote, a la fois les donees d'absorption optique et les donnees de RPE, a la temperature ambiante, ont ete utilisees, afin d'estimer la contribution de la polarisation du core et des coefficients de l'orbite moleculaire pour l'ion Cu2+ dopant Mg(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O.


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TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of crystal binding and structural phase transition is presented using an analytical potential form for the overlap repulsive energy derived by Harrison from quantum mechanical considerations, which is applied to calculate the cohesive energies, bulk modulus, and its pressure derivative for fifteen alkaline-earth chalcogenides and fourteen alkalichalkogenides.
Abstract: An analysis of crystal binding and structural phase transition is presented using an analytical potential form for the overlap repulsive energy derived by Harrison from quantum mechanical considerations. The potential model is applied to calculate the cohesive energies, bulk modulus, and its pressure derivative for fifteen alkaline-earth chalcogenides and fourteen alkali chalcogenides. Calculated values of bulk modulus are found to exhibit empirical correlationship with unit cell volume. The problem of relative stability and structural phase transition is also investigated for alkaline-earth chalcogenides. Values of transition pressure are obtained and found to present good agreement with experimental data. Mit einer analytischen von Harrison aus quantenmechanischen Betrachtungen abgeleiteten Potentialform wird eine Analyse der Kristallbindung und der strukturellen Phasenubergange durchgefuhrt. Das Potentialmodell wird zur Bereclmung der Kohasionsenergie, des Elastizitatsmoduls und seinen Druckableitungen von funfzehn Erdalkalichalkogeniden und vierzehn Alkalichalkogeniden benutzt. Es wird gefunden, das die berechneten Werte des Elastizitatsmoduls eine empirische Korrelation mit dem Volumen der Einheitszelle aufweisen. Das Problem der relativen Stabilitat und strukturellen Phsenubergange wird auch fur Erdalkalichalkogenide untersucht. Werte des Ubergangsdruckes werden erhalten und gefunden, das sic gut mit experimentellen Werten ubereinstimmen.

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TL;DR: Within the framework of an effective field theory, the longitudinal and transverse magnetization, critical temperature, and critical transverse field of a site-bond diluted transversal Ising ferromagnet on square lattice with S = 1 are calculated in detail as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Within the framework of an effective-field theory, the longitudinal and transverse magnetization, critical temperature, and critical transverse field of a site-bond diluted transverse Ising ferromagnet on square lattice with S = 1 are calculated in detail. The dependence of these thermodynamic quantities on the concentration of the sites and of the bonds is investigated. Im Rahmen einer Effektivfeld-Theorie werden die longitudinale und transversale Magnetisierung, kritische Temperatur und das kritische transversale Feld eines platzgebundenen verdunnten transversalen Ising-Ferromagneten auf einem quadratischen Gitter mit S = 1 ausfuhrlich berechnet. Die Abhangigkeit dieser thermodynamischen Grosen von der Konzentration der Platze und der Bindungen wird untersucht.