Showing papers in "Physics Bulletin in 1968"
TL;DR: The subject of hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in determining the structure of crystals and hence the subject is of much interest to physicists, chemists and molecular biologists as discussed by the authors, and as there is now considerable agreement in recognizing hydrogen bonding experimentally, it is also timely.
Abstract: W. C. Hamilton and J. A. Ibers New York: W. A. Benjamin Inc. 1968 Pp. xv+ 284. Price $13.95. Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in determining the structure of crystals and hence the subject is of much interest to physicists, chemists and molecular biologists. This book should serve their needs for a concise text admirably, and as there is now considerable agreement in recognizing the occurrence of hydrogen bonding experimentally, it is also timely.
752 citations
275 citations
TL;DR: In this second edition the opportunity has been taken of considerably revising the first edition, published 10 years ago, with the help of K. W. Morton of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority as the second author.
Abstract: R. D. Richtmyer and K. W. Morton Chichester: John Wiley. 1967 Pp. xiv + 405. Price £6. In this second edition the opportunity has been taken of considerably revising the first edition, published 10 years ago, with the help of K. W. Morton of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority as the second author. The book is still in two parts, the first dealing with the underlying general theoretical considerations and the second with applications.
165 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, electron diffraction of small single crystals can be used for determination of the unit cell, enabling the X-ray lines to be indexed, and polycrystalline platy textures can sometimes be used, both to determine the unit cells and to provide indexed intensity data for use in structure analysis.
Abstract: Many minerals and synthetic inorganic phases of low symmetry occur only as fine powders or fibre aggregates. In such cases, determination of the unit cell from X-ray data alone can be difficult or impossible, because of failure to resolve multiple reflections or to detect weak ones on polycrystalline X-ray photographs, together with uncertainties about systematically absent reflections. However, electron diffraction of small single crystals can be used for determination of the unit cell, enabling the X-ray lines to be indexed. Alternatively, electron diffraction of polycrystalline platy textures can sometimes be used, both to determine the unit cell and to provide indexed intensity data for use in structure analysis. d-spacings and intensities measured on X-ray patterns are, however, generally more accurate and reliable than electron-diffraction data. Correlation of both sources of data can therefore yield information not available from either technique alone.
51 citations
TL;DR: A partir de 1928, n'ayant pu developper completement mes conceptions a ce sujet and constatant le succes et le caractere rigoureux des formalismes qui sont aujourd'hui connus sous les noms de mecanique quantique and de theorie quantique des champs, j'ai adopte et enseigne pendant plus de 20 years l'interpretation de l'Ecole de Copenhague as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Les idees qui m'avaient guidees en 1923–24 lors de la decouverte de la mecanique ondulatoire et celles que j'avais ensuite developpees jusqu'en 1928 etaient tout a fait differentes de l' Interpretation de cette decouverte qui fut ensuite proposee par l'Ecole de Copenhague et notamment par Max Born, Niels Bohr et Werner Heisenberg. A partir de 1928, n'ayant pu developper completement mes conceptions a ce sujet et constatant le succes et le caractere rigoureux des formalismes qui sont aujourd'hui connus sous les noms de mecanique quantique et de theorie quantique des champs, j'ai adopte et enseigne pendant plus de 20 ans l'interpretation de l'Ecole de Copenhague.
35 citations
TL;DR: The 'Manchester System' for the treatment of malignant diseases with radium and radon is internationally known and the earlier edition of this book, published in 1947, has become a standard textbook and handbook in the field of radiotherapy.
Abstract: W. J. Meredith Edinburgh: Livingstone. 1967 Pp. viii + 134. Price £2 2s. The 'Manchester System' for the treatment of malignant diseases with radium and radon is internationally known and the earlier edition of this book, which was published in 1947, has become a standard textbook and handbook in the field of radiotherapy. The major feature of the system is that it describes, by means of relatively simple rules, methods by which significantly large areas or volumes of tissue can be treated to virtually uniform dosage by the arrangement of small discrete sources of radium and radon placed close to, or within, the volume to be treated.
23 citations
TL;DR: Inonu and Zweifel as discussed by the authors described the course of lectures and seminars given at a NATO study institute on transport theory held at Ankara in 1967, where five courses of lectures were held and a number of seminars on specialized topics.
Abstract: A Nato advanced study institute on transport theory, Ankara E Inonu and P F Zweifel (Eds) London: Academic Press 1967 Pp xiv + 381 Price £6 Developments in transport theory consists of the course of lectures and seminars given at a NATO study institute held at Ankara in 1967 There were five courses of lectures and a number of seminars on specialized topics
15 citations
TL;DR: The most obvious properties of a metal, such as its lustre, its high thermal conductivity, and its power of conducting electricity, can only be explained on the basis of quantum mechanics as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: It is a remarkable fact that the most obvious properties of a metal, its lustre, its high thermal conductivity so noticeable to the touch in cold weather, and above all its power of conducting electricity, can only be explained on the basis of quantum mechanics. In a much more direct way than in the case of, say, a polar salt or a piece of wood, a metal constitutes a macroscopic quantum mechanical system.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a translation of Phanomene des Musikalischen Horens, first published in 1960, has, as its title implies, musical, physical and psychological ingredients.
Abstract: F. Winckel London: Constable. 1967 Pp. ix + 189. Price 18s. This translation of Phanomene des Musikalischen Horens, first published in 1960, has, as its title implies, musical, physical and psychological ingredients. The physics in it could be understood by a student at advanced level or first year university level with ease, for the author has explained the more difficult concepts he uses (such as Fourier transformation and the uncertainty principle) with lucidity and without excessive detail.
TL;DR: Mackay as mentioned in this paper argued that even if the human brain turns out to be machine-like in all its functions, the reality of freedom of action and "the claims regarding our inner nature and significance and destiny" would remain unaffected.
Abstract: D. M. Mackay London: Cambridge University Press. 1967 Pp. 40. Price 5s. This Eddington Memorial Lecture of November 1967 is well argued and stimulating. It purports to establish that, even if the human brain turns out to be machine-like in all its functions, the reality of freedom of action and "the claims regarding our inner nature and significance and destiny" would remain unaffected.
TL;DR: Selby and Weast as discussed by the authors present a wide range of subjects which are of interest to the mathematician, physicist, statistician, engineer, computer programmer etc., including conversion of units and standard mathematical symbols and abbreviations.
Abstract: S. M. Selby and R. C. Weast (Eds) Cleveland, Ohio: The Chemical Rubber Co. 1967 Pp. xiv + 1050. Price £8 15s. This 1050 page book covers a wide range of subjects which are of interest to the mathematician, physicist, statistician, engineer, computer programmer etc. There is an extensive table for conversion of units which all scientists will appreciate, and a useful list of standard mathematical symbols and abbreviations.
TL;DR: Pirenne as discussed by the authors gave an elementary account of many aspects of the physiology of vision, without assuming any previous knowledge of physiology but does, in some places, require a considerable knowledge of physics.
Abstract: M. H. Pirenne London: Chapman & Hall. 1967 Pp. xvi + 224. Price £2 10s. (Paperback £1 5s.) This book gives an elementary account of many aspects of the physiology of vision. It does not assume any previous knowledge of physiology but does, in some places, require a considerable knowledge of physics.
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical properties of materials are welded into a continuous scheme by the inclusion of relationships between properties and between structure and properties, which is essentially a tremendous collection of data on the physical property of materials.
Abstract: A. Bondi Chichester: John Wiley. 1968 Pp. xix + 502. Price £8 15s. This book is essentially a tremendous collection of data on the physical properties of materials. The factual content is welded into a continuous scheme by the inclusion of relationships between properties and between structure and properties.
TL;DR: Smith as discussed by the authors used notes developed and used by the author to teach the course on reactor materials at the Oak Ridge School of Reactor Technology to describe the material presented in the course and its application in nuclear engineering.
Abstract: C. O. Smith London: Addison–Wesley Publishing Co. Inc. 1967 Pp. viii + 262. Price £5 8s. This book is based upon notes developed and used by the author to teach the course on reactor materials at the Oak Ridge School of Reactor Technology. The material presented embraces the entire field of nuclear engineering and it is inevitable therefore that no subject is entered into to any great depth.
TL;DR: Although 'Hine and Brownell' is still the standard book heavily used by most radiation workers it is now out of date, and will no doubt be most eagerly replaced by the new edition.
Abstract: F. H. Attix and W. C. Roesch (Eds) New York: Academic Press. 1967 Pp. xviii + 462. Price £8 In the last 10 years since Hine and Brownell edited the first edition of Radiation Dosimetry there has been a tremendous increase in the applications of dosimetry and a corresponding growth in fundamental studies and instrumentation. Although 'Hine and Brownell' is still the standard book heavily used by most radiation workers it is now out of date, and will no doubt be most eagerly replaced by the new edition.
TL;DR: For instance, the authors argues that our earth is visited not merely by stones but by craft manned by intelligent beings. But it is difficult to believe that two Yankee professors would lie than that stones would fall from heaven.
Abstract: "I could more easily believe that two Yankee professors would lie than that stones would fall from heaven." If President Thomas Jefferson could say this so unluckily in 1807, what should we say today to the contention that our earth is visited not merely by stones but by craft manned by intelligent beings ?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the thermodynamic behavior of a fluid near its critical point and find that the quantities to be measured vary rapidly with temperature, and fine control is required over the long periods of time needed to reach equilibrium.
Abstract: An investigation of the thermodynamic behaviour of a fluid near its critical point presents great difficulties both experimentally and theoretically. The quantities to be measured vary rapidly with temperature, and fine control is required over the long periods of time needed to reach equilibrium.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors draw attention to an erroneous statement in Hird's letter, which is repeated in his reply to Dr U. Opik (December 1967 Bulletin), interpreting H as being a description of the spatial distribution and concentration of free currents.
Abstract: While agreeing with the main lines of the letter of Dr B. Hird (August 1967 Bulletin), we would like to draw attention to an erroneous statement in his letter, which is repeated in his reply to Dr U. Opik (December 1967 Bulletin). He said: "We interpret H as being a description of the spatial distribution and concentration of free currents."
TL;DR: Fox, M.D., Labes, and A.Weissberger as mentioned in this paper discuss the initiation and early development of any new interdisciplinary area in science, beset with potential pitfalls and the scientist whose research interests or inherent curiosity carry him beyond the limits of his own specialist field.
Abstract: D. Fox, M. M. Labes, and A. Weissberger (Eds) Sussex: John Wiley. 1967 Pp. xiii + 520. Price £9 7s. The initiation and early development of any new interdisciplinary area in science is beset with potential pitfalls. The scientist whose research interests or inherent curiosity carry him beyond the limits of his own specialist field is prone to initial errors of misinterpretation or oversimplification.
TL;DR: The neutron was discovered in 1932 and it took seven years before nuclear fission was found as discussed by the authors, which is a striking phenomenon; it results in a large amount of radioactivity of all kinds and produces fragments that have more than ten times the total ionization of anything previously known.
Abstract: The neutron was discovered in 1932. Why, then, did it take seven years before nuclear fission was found? Fission is obviously a striking phenomenon; it results in a large amount of radioactivity of all kinds and produces fragments that have more than ten times the total ionization of anything previously known.
TL;DR: The annual survey of the University Grants Committee contains several points of interest and importance to physicists in universities as discussed by the authors, such as the fact that the Committee now has among its sub-committees one devoted to physical sciences, which is under the chairmanship of Prof. E. H. Bawn of Liverpool.
Abstract: The Annual Survey of the University Grants Committee contains several points of interest and importance to physicists in universities. One is that the Committee now has among its sub-committees one devoted to physical sciences, which is under the chairmanship of Prof. C. E. H. Bawn of Liverpool and which includes a number of physicists.
TL;DR: Alder, Alder, Fernbach and Rotenberg as mentioned in this paper provide a good survey of the relevance and results of various methods of nuclear physics computation, including optical model calculations, numerical methods for the many-body theory of finite nuclei, application of the matrix Hartree-Fock method to problems in nuclear structure, variational calculations in few-body problems with the Monte Carlo method, automated nuclear shell model calculations and nucleon-nucleon phase shift analyses by x2 minimization.
Abstract: B. Alder, S. Fernbach and M. Rotenberg (Eds) New York: Academic Press. 1967 Pp. xiv + 303. Price £5 8s. Although this is primarily a volume for specialists in nuclear physics computation, it is sufficiently well larded with accounts of the relevance and results of the various methods to extend its appeal to a wider reading public. Chapters are provided on nuclear optical model calculations, numerical methods for the many-body theory of finite nuclei, application of the matrix Hartree–Fock method to problems in nuclear structure, variational calculations in few-body problems with the Monte Carlo method, automated nuclear shell model calculations and nucleon-nucleon phase shift analyses by x2 minimization.
TL;DR: The most recent proposals of the Schools Council for the reform of the sixth form curriculum, which have been circulating among interested parties in cyclostyled form for some months, have now been issued officially, with the addition of a statistical appendix, as Working Paper No. 16.
Abstract: The most recent proposals of the Schools Council for the reform of the sixth form curriculum, which have been circulating among interested parties in cyclostyled form for some months, have now been issued officially, with the addition of a statistical appendix, as Working Paper No. 16. This paper thus supersedes Working Paper No. 5, which contained earlier proposals.
TL;DR: The policy recommended by the Committee on Scientific Manpower of pressing the best science and engineering graduates straight into industry after graduation could very well result in the felling of the whole tree of university research.
Abstract: Government policy is inevitably like an axe in the hands of a woodman rather than a scalpel in the hands of a surgeon. The policy recommended by the Committee on Scientific Manpower of pressing the 'best' science and engineering graduates straight into industry after graduation could very well result in the felling of the whole tree of university research.