Showing papers in "Physics-Uspekhi in 1968"
10,495 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the effect of nonlinear optical effects on self-focusing beams in the field of self-focus and Parametric Amplification in a nonlinear medium.
Abstract: CONTENTS 1. Introduction 609 2. Geometrical Optics of a Nonlinear Medium (Equations, Focal Points, Nonlinear Aberrations, Nonstationary Processes) 617 3. Wave Optics of a Nonlinear Medium (Diffraction Corrections to the Self-focusing Length, Formation of Proper Optical Waveguide, Nonstationary Processes) 624 4. Nonlinear Optical Effects in the Field of Self-focusing Beams (Stimulated Scattering in Liquids, Experimental Data, Self-focusing and Parametric Amplification) 629 5. Conclusion (Unsolved Problems, Diffraction in Nonlinear Interactions) 632 Cited Literature 634
881 citations
TL;DR: The seminal paper by Ya. B. Zeldovich as discussed by the authors is reprinted here, together with an editorial comment on its lasting scientific relevance, and a biography of the author, as well as a detailed discussion of its application in the field of particle physics.
Abstract: The seminal paper by Ya. B. Zeldovich (Soviet Physics Uspekhi 11, 381–393, 1968) is reprinted here, together with an editorial comment on its lasting scientific relevance, and a biography of the author.
603 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the second sound in dielectrics has been investigated and the effect of higher-order anharmonicity on transfer processes in solids at low temperatures.
Abstract: Introduction I. Kinetic Phenomena in Dielectrics 256 1. Statement of the Problem 256 2. Hydrodynamic Mechanism of Thermal Conductivity 257 3. Influence of Higher-order Anharmonicity on Transfer Processes in Solids at Low Temperatures 259 4. Second Sound in Dielectrics 260 II. Kinetic Phenomena in Metals 5. Electrical Conductivity of Metals at Low Temperatures 262 6. Electrical Conductivity of Thin Samples 264 7. Electrical Conductivity of Bulk Samples 266 8. High-frequency Properties 268 References 269
234 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a solution to the linearized equations of the problem of dispersion of longitudinal waves in an electron gas with a Fermi distribution function, and the solution was shown to be correct.
Abstract: 1. Statement of the problem 721 2. Initial equations and their simplification 722 3. Solution of the linearized equations 724 4. Dispersion of longitudinal waves 728 5. Dispersion of longitudinal waves in an electron gas with a Fermi distribution function 730 6. Dispersion of transverse waves 732 7. Summary and conclusion 733
206 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 30, 299 (1941), Submitted originally December 28, 1940, and originally published December 14, 1940.
Abstract: Reprinted from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 30, 299 (1941), Submitted originally December 28, 1940.
191 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the optical properties of shock-compressed condensed materials, and of the structure and smoothness of the fronts of large-amplitude shock waves.
Abstract: CONTENTS Introduction 229 I. Study of the optical characteristics of shock-compressed condensed materials, and of the structure and smoothness of the fronts of large-amplitude shock waves 1. Experimental procedure 231 2. Front thickness and smoothness of shock waves in condensed inert and explosive substances 232 3. Density dependence of the refractive index of liquid dielectrics. Anomalous behavior of shock-compressed carbon tetrachloride 234 4. Investigation of the optical properties of shock-compressed ionic crystals. Nonequilibrium states 235 5. Optical study of elastoplastic waves in glass 237 6. Phase transition of water into ice VII under shock compression 238 II. Equilibrium radiation of the shock-wave front. Experimental determination of temperatures. 7. Possibility of temperature measurement in shock-compressed condensed materials. Principle of the method 240 8. Measurement of temperatures of shock-compressed ionic crystals and establishment of their melting curves for pressures up to 0.5-3 Mbar 241 9. Measurement of temperatures of shock-compressed lucite and carbon tetrachloride 245 III. Absorption of light by shock-compressed ionic crystals. Absorption and conduction mechanism. 10. Experimental determination of the absorption coefficient 245 11. Mechanisms of light absorption and conduction in shock-compressed ionic crystals 246 IV. Nonequilibrium radiation of shock-compressed ionic crystals 248 12. Nonequilibrium radiation at low temperatures. Electroluminescence of shock-compressed substances 248 13. Nonequilibrium radiation at high temperatures. Electronic screening of the radiation 249 References 251
148 citations
125 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Stark effect in a constant electric field was studied by using double radio-optical resonance (DRS) and Radiospectroscopic Methods (RMS) to measure the shifts of the center of gravity of Absorption Lines in Atomic Beams.
Abstract: CONTENTS I. Introduction 637 II. Theory of the Stark Effect 638 1. The Stark Effect in a Constant Electric Field 638 2. The Stark Effect in Alternating Electric Fields 640 III. The Study of the Stark Effect in a Constant Electric Field 643 1. Observation of the Shifts of Centers of Gravity of Absorption Lines in Atomic Beams 643 2. Study of the Stark Effect by Observation of Electric Double Refraction 644 3. Study of the Stark Effect by the Method of Comparison with Hyperfine Splitting 646 4. Observation of the Stark Effect by Radiospectroscopic Methods 646 5. Study of the Stark Effect by the Method of Double Radiooptical Resonance 647 6. Observation of the Stark Effect by Level-crossing and Beat Methods 649 IV. The Study of the Stark Effect in Fields of Optical Frequency 651 1. Observation of Shifts and Splittings of Levels of the Ground State of Hg199 by Resonance Light 651 2. Observation of Shifts and Splittings of Levels of Potassium Atoms in the Radiation Field of a Ruby Laser 653 V. Conclusion 654 Literature Cited 656
85 citations
79 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a two-band model and Extremum of Band was proposed to measure the Fermi Momenta in Experiments with Ultrasound and by determining the cutoff of the cyclotron Resonance.
Abstract: CONTENTS Introduction 1 I. Space Lattice 2 II. Doubling of the Period 2 III. Electron Energy Spectrum 4 1. Expansion Near Extremum 4 2. Two-band Model 4 3. Deformation Theory 6 IV. Electron Spectrum in a Constant Magnetic Field 8 1. Classical Limit 8 2. Two-band Model and Extremum of Band 9 3. Quasiclassical Quantization 9 V. Specific Heat 10 VI. Magnetic Susceptibility 10 VII. Quantum Oscillations of the Susceptibility and of Other Thermodynamic and Kinetic Quantities 11 VIII. Electric Conductivity 14 1. Static Conductivity in a Constant Magnetic Field 14 2. Conductivity in the Absence of Constant Magnetic Field 14 3. Cyclotron Resonance 15 4. Magnetoplasma Waves 17 5. Optical Properties in the Infrared Region 19 IX. Measurement of the Fermi Momenta in Experiments with Ultrasound and by Determining the Cutoff of the Cyclotron Resonance 20 X. Tunnel Effect 20 XI. Phonon Spectrum 20 XII. Cited Literature 20
TL;DR: In this article, elementary analysis of radiation of a charge moving along a helix is presented. But it is not shown that the acceleration of the charge is independent of the position of the magnetic field.
Abstract: CONTENTS I. Elementary Analysis of Radiation of a Charge Moving Along a Helix 34 II. Cerenkov Radiation of a Particle Passing Through a Plate (Layer of Matter) 36 III. Synchrotron Radiation of an Individual Particle Moving at an Arbitrary Angle to the Field 37 IV. Radiation of a System of Particles 38 V. Reabsorption of Radiation of Ultrarelativistic Particles 40 VI. Magnetic-field Variation Connected with Synchrotron Radiation (Losses) Cited Literature 43
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the fundamental properties of high energy cosmic Muons and their relationship with the following properties: Bremsstrahlung, direct pair production, energy spectrum of fast Muons moving at large Zenith Angles, and acceleration curve in ground.
Abstract: CONTENTS Introduction 49 I. Fast-muon Interaction Cross Sections 51 1. Bremsstrahlung 51 2. Direct Pair Production 52 3. Electromagnetic-nuclear Reactions Induced by Muons 53 II. Passage of Muons Through Matter 54 1. Average Muon Losses 54 2. Average Muon Range 55 3. Absorption Curve 56 4. Muon Range Fluctuations 56 III. Fundamental Characteristics of High Energy Cosmic Muons 57 1. Energy Spectrum of Vertical Muons at Sea Level 57 2. Energy Spectrum of Fast Muons Moving at Large Zenith Angles 59 3. Muon Absorption Curve in Ground 59 4. Angular Distribution of Muons at Large Depths 59 5. Positive Excess 60 IV. Fundamental Physical Results 60 1. Upper Limit of Anomalous Muon Interaction 60 2. Production of K Mesons at Very High Energies 61 3. Fraction of Energy Carried Away by the Fastest Pions 62 4. Role of Isobars in Multiple Processes 62 5. Cross Section of Photonuclear Processes at High Energies 63 V. Cosmic Muons and Neutrinos 63 VI. Certain Unexplained Phenomena Connected with Muons 63 VII. Concluding Remarks 63 Cited Literature 64
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory of optical properties of atmospheric aerosols is presented, as well as optical methods of investigating the atmosphere as part of the General Problem of Indirect Measurements.
Abstract: CONTENTS 1. Introduction 353 2. Certain Information on the Atmospheric Aerosol 355 3. Theory of Optical Properties of Aerosol 358 4. Optical Methods of Investigating the Atmosphere as Part of the General Problem of Indirect Measurements 362 5. Optical Properties of Aerosol and Microphysics of the Dispersed Phase 365 6. Aerosol Structure of the Atmosphere and Vertical Variation of the Scattering Coefficient 371 Literature 376