Planetary and Space Science 

TL;DR: In this paper, a balance of dust particle inertia and plasma pressure is investigated and it is shown that these waves can propagate linearly as a normal mode in a dusty plasma, and non-linearly as supersonic solitons of either positive or negative electrostatic potential.

TL;DR: In this article, an improved quantitative representation of the magnetic field in the geomagnetosphere is developed, taking into account the effect of warping the tail current sheet in two dimensions due to the geodipole tilt, as well as spatial variations of the current sheet thickness along the Sun-Earth and dawn-dusk directions.

TL;DR: In this article, a general expression for the particle diffusion coefficient kij, including both scattering in magnetic irregularities and systematic pressure drifts, was derived from the condition that energetic solar particles in interplanetary space random walk in the irregularities in the large-scale inter-planetary magnetic field, and the observed fields show that the diffusion coefficient is of the order of 1021-1022 cm2/sec.

TL;DR: In this paper, a working model of simultaneous auroral activity over the entire polar region is presented in terms of the auroral substorm, which has two characteristic phases, an expansive phase and a recovery phase.