Showing papers in "Plant Breeding Reviews in 2010"

Heterosis in Plant Breeding

Abstract: In this review, a selected group of investigations undertaken throughout this century into the genetic, physiological and biochemical basis of heterosis are outlined, and results of recent investigations are discussed. Information is presented in sections considering: a historical perspective; genetic theories of heterosis; physiological and biochemical basis of heterosis; heterosis in population crosses; hybrid predictions for maize, rapeseed, small grains and other crops (groundnuts, tomatoes and rice); and genetics and enhancement of heterosis using molecular markers.

Peanut Breeding and Genetic Resources

Abstract: Peanut is widely used as an oilseed crop around the world and as a direct source of human food in the United States. Several species of peanut have been cultivated for their edible seeds, but only Arachis hypogaea L. has been domesticated and widely distributed. Production in the United States is completely mechanized, but in many other regions the seeds are planted and harvested by hand. In the United States, approximately 70 percent of the peanuts are runners (small-seeded types of var. hypogaea), 20 percent are virginias (large-seeded types of var. hypogaea), 10 percent are spanish (var. vulgaris), and less than 1 percent are valencia (var. fastigiata) market types (Knauft and Gorbet 1989). Peruvian and aequatoriana types are produced in only a few countries in Central and South America

Epistasis and Plant Breeding

Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled: • Introduction • Gene Action and Statistical Effects • Epistasis and Molecular Interactions • Complex Molecular Interactions Underlie Quantitative Phenotypes (Sometimes) • Biometrical Evidence for Epistasis • Evidence for Epistasis from Plant Evolution Studies • Molecular Marker Investigations of Epistasis • Why Is There More Evidence for Epistasis from QTL Experiments than from Biometrical Studies? • Implications of Epistasis for Plant Breeding • Literature Cited

Legume Genomics and Breeding

Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled; Introduction; Constraints in Crop Production; Genomic Resources in Legumes;Trait Mapping and Marker-Assisted Selection; Summary and Prospects; Acknowledgments; Literature Cited

Biochemical and Molecular Markers in Plant Breeding

Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Concepts and General Theory for Using Marker Technology in Plant Breeding Applications Desired Attributes of Markers for Plant Breeding Application Development of Molecular-Marker Linkage Maps in Plants Marker Associations Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs)Manipulation of Quantitative Traits Using Marker-Facilitated MethodsConclusions/Prospects Literature Cited

Breeding for negatively associated traits

Abstract: This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Hypothesis of Constant System Capacity Bases for Constant System Capacity Breeding Strategies Interplant Competition and Crop Yield Analysis of Constant-Capacity Systems Summary and Conclusions Literature Cited