Showing papers in "Plant Science in 1998"

TL;DR: It is indicated that free radical-mediated damage of membrane may play an important role in the cellular toxicity of NaCl in rice seedlings and that salt-tolerant varieties exhibit protection mechanism against increased radical production by maintaining the specific activity of antioxidant enzymes.

TL;DR: Stress-induced overproduction of the P5CS enzyme and proline accumulation in transgenic rice plants showed an increase in biomass under salt-stress and water-stress conditions as compared to the non-transformed control plants.

TL;DR: Copper-induced oxidative stress, response of antioxidative enzymes and substances were investigated in Ceratophyllum demersum L. (Coontail), a free floating macrophyte to understand the mechanisms of Cu resistance and the level of tolerance depends on the antioxidative capacity of the plants.

TL;DR: Research projects under development, and an assessment of the situation and of the problems encountered on the way to a commercial use of such transgenic plants are discussed in this review.

TL;DR: It was shown thatLead delayed germination and lowered the ability of seeds to germinate in a dose-dependent manner in the species with highly lead-permeable seed coats, and seed coat permeability varied during imbibition of seeds with coats highly permeable to lead.

TL;DR: An increase in regenerability was found in callus from three spring cultivars, likely due to a change in the developmental state of the cultures, along with other changes in the transformation protocol, resulted in successful transformation of the previously recalcitrant GL and HT cultivars.

TL;DR: Petals of the daylily show visible signs of degradation just 24 h after flower opening, and it is suggested that membrane changes leading to cell death may be induced in part by lipoxygenase activity and by ROS that are increasing because of reduced effectiveness of certain protective enzymes.

TL;DR: Freezing at −21°C-thawing at 4°C, using an alkaline buffer was the best method for extracting phycocyanin from Synechococcus sp.

TL;DR: Evidence indicated the existence of a cellular basis for salinity resistance in A. halimus, but the expression of this cellular property at organ level appeared to be masked by the physiological complexity of the intact plant and the nature of the whole organ response was apparently determined primarily by regulation mechanisms assigned by the differentiated tissue organisation.

TL;DR: It was shown that both PIN-a and PIN-b, have antifungal properties in vitro and a synergistic enhancement of the antif fungus properties of α-purothionins (α-PTH) was observed in the presence of PINs.

TL;DR: There are two protective mechanisms against lead in onion root tip cells: the amount of polysaccharides in the cell wall and the thickness of the wall increases, this allows more lead to be accumulated in a manner that is not harmful to the cell.

TL;DR: It is concluded that, under saline conditions, both a higher concentration of sucrose in the leaves and a faster rate of starch synthesis in the immature fruit may constitute part of a mechanism responsible for a higher sugar content in the mature fruit.

TL;DR: The results show that osmotic stress alters the enzymatic defense reactions in tobacco BY-2 cell suspensions and suggest that ABA is not a secondary messenger in the induction of all antioxidant genes upon osmosis stress.

TL;DR: The results strongly support the view that electrical signaling plays an important role in root to shoot communication of water-stressed plants.

TL;DR: There was a toxic effect of salt concentration that could also explain the greater effect on the growth of the salinized plants, and reductions in the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were observed even when the salts were removed.

TL;DR: The N dependent changes observed in 2 N (and to a lesser extent in 1 N ) plants could represent adaptive features under the new high irradiance conditions, which increased the protection of the chloroplast structures against photooxidative stress.

TL;DR: The physiological response of potatoes as affected by salinity or water deficit was investigated, and a positive turgor was maintained throughout the entire growth period due to the fact that plants adjusted osmotically.

TL;DR: It is concluded that though MJ mimics stress, indicating its possible role in the plant defense metabolism, responses of tobacco cells to MJ and elicitor are distinct.

TL;DR: The xylofucoglucuronan has low anticoagulant and no hemorrhagic activity but, as heparin, has a high activity in stimulating the synthesis of an antithrombotic heparan sulfate from vascular endothelial cells in culture.

TL;DR: It is established by protein sequence comparison that a previously unidentified gene belonging to a group of ABA-independent, desiccation stress inducible genes isolated from rice with acquired chill resistance, encodes the rice homologue of the GS gene.

TL;DR: In vitro grown plants and cell suspension cultures of carrot were treated with various Cd concentrations and absence of ethylene caused both a decrease in the phytochelatin synthase activity of cell suspensions and a strong lowering in the Cd-induced SH groups in plants.

TL;DR: During the first days after transplanting micropropagated plants to greenhouse conditions, in vitro leaves are the only source to cover metabolic demands and to sustain plants’ adaptation and regrowth, but the way these leaves act can differ depending on plant species and in vitro conditions.

TL;DR: Analysis of the progeny from three plants showed that the transgenes were being inherited as a single dominant allele with a high frequency of transmission of hygromycin resistance.

TL;DR: The increase in Mo-hydroxylases with salinity and NH 4 may constitute part of the mechanisms of plant adaptation to stress by enhancing the activity of AO, which catalyzes the final step in biosynthesis of phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA).

TL;DR: Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Argona) plants were challenged with Cd in a pure hydroponic system to study the effects on the uptake, tissue accumulation and subcellular distribution of Mn and Fe and showed that plants treated with 10 μM Cd suffered moderate stress, whereas those given 50 μM experienced an strong phytotoxic effect.

TL;DR: RFLP data indicated that irradiation primarily resulted in loss of chromosome fragments rather than whole chromosomes from A. thaliana, which resulted in a higher frequency of asymmetric hybrids and a higher dose was also associated with the generation of hybrids with a higher degree of asymmetry.

TL;DR: In vitro produced leaves of the apple rootstock M26 were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3 101 containing a binary vector carrying the nptII gene and the rolA gene on the T-DNA, and transformed plants exhibited reduced stem growth compared to untransformed control plants.

TL;DR: An increase of the transformation frequency of sweet potato, compared to that previously reported, was obtained and an efficient protocol for in vitro plant regeneration, which combines naphtalenacetic acid and 6-benzilaminopurin, was established.

TL;DR: Analysis of the contribution by the different solutes showed that inorganic compounds were increased to a greater extent than organic compounds after treatment application, and measurements of shoot height and leaf elongation rate showed that only salt applications during fruit set produce slight reductions in these two parameters.

TL;DR: A protocol for regeneration and genetic transformation has been established for chilli and the transgenic nature of the regenerated plants were confirmed by the histochemical staining of GUS, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern hybridization analyses of nptII gene.