Polish Psychological Bulletin 

About: Polish Psychological Bulletin is an academic journal published by De Gruyter Open. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Cognition & Personality. It has an ISSN identifier of 0079-2993. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 730 publications have been published receiving 4664 citations.

The Implicit Association Test as a measure of implicit consumer attitudes

Abstract: This article reports two experiments that sought to determine if the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998), a method for assessing strengths of automatic associations, can be applied to measure consumer attitudes. The first experiment compared implicit attitudes toward juices and sodas. Analysis revealed significant correlation between IAT-measured implicit attitudes and D. Maison ✉ , Department of Psychology University of Warsaw 5/7 Stawki PL–00183 Warsaw Poland Tel.: +48 22 / 531 78 27 Fax: +48 22 / 831 91 93 dominika@sci.psych.uw.edu.pl A. G. Greenwald Department of Psychology University of Washington Box 351525 207 Guthrie Seattle, WA 98195–1525 USA Tel.: +1 206 / 543 7227 Fax: +1 206 / 685 3157 agg@u.washington.edu R. Bruin Medical Data Management 1 Sengera Cichego PL–02790 Warsaw Poland Tel.: +48 22 / 645 77 33 ralph.bruin@mdmworld.com Received: 07.11.2000 Accepted: 18.01.2001 ORIGINAL PAPER © Blackhorse Publishing, 2001 explicit measures of attitudes and behavior toward these product categories. The second experiment investigated implicit attitudes of female Ss toward low calorie products and high calorie products. The IAT attitude measure correlated with dieting activity: Ss who had eating habits restricting high calorie food intake showed implicit attitudes favoring low calorie products. a000000000 Introduction During the last 20 years, social psychologists have increasingly appealed to automatic processes (Greenwald & Banaji, 1995; Bargh, 1996; Pratto, 1994; Bargh, Chaiken, Govender & Pratto, 1992; Bargh, 1989) in understanding social judgment and behavior. Associated with this trend is the increasing use of reaction time as an indicator of automatic or implicit processes (Bargh, 1996; Zarate & Smith, 1990; Lalonde & Gardner, 1989; Fazio, Sanbonmatsu, Powell & Kardes, 1986; Gaertner & McLaughlin, 1983). One method of researching automatic processes that has become very popular over the last 5 years is the Implicit Association Test (Greenwald et al. 1998; Dasgupta, McGhee, Greenwald, Banaji, 2000; Brendl, Markman, Messner, 2001). The method consists of doing a computerized categorization task. The task lets Ss categorize stimuli into four different categories: two contrasted target concept categories (in the study of Greenwald et al., 1998, experiment 1, flowers and insects), and two contrasted attribute categories (pleasant and unpleasant). The categorization task consists of presenting the Ss with a stimulus which the Ss are to categorize quickly in one of two groups (presented as labels on the left and on the right of the computer screen). Polish Psychological Bulletin 2001;32(1):DOI://10.1066/S10012010002

Beyond a trait view of risk taking: A domain-specific scale measuring risk perceptions, expected benefits, and perceived-risk attitudes in German-speaking populations

Abstract: A German-language scale assessing tendencies to engage in risky behaviors, as well as perceptions of risks and expected benefits from such behaviors, is derived from an English version and validated on 532 German participants. The scale contains 40 items in six distinct domains of risk taking: ethical, recreational, health, social, investing, and gambling. Following a risk-return model of risk taking, perceived-risk attitude is inferred by regressing risk-taking on perceived risk and expected benefits. Risk-taking as well as perceptions of risks and benefits were domain-specific, while perceived-risk attitudes were more similar across domains, thus supporting the use of a risk-return framework for interpreting risk-taking propensity. Gender and cultural comparisons are drawn, and we discuss possibilities for future cross-cultural applications of the scale.

Psychometric properties of Attentional Control Scale: The preliminary study on a Polish sample

Abstract: The presented study was focused primarily on a psychometric analysis of the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), but they also enhanced the understanding of the role of effortful attentional skills in determining the individual well-being, general adaptation or emotional disorders. The analyses included basic item and scale descriptions as well as convergent and discriminant validity. 218 Polish undergraduate students completed the battery of the self-report techniques and two paper –pencil attentional tests. Data revealed a unidimensional of a 20-item ACS. It can be used validly to assess long-term individual differences in attentional skills related to the voluntary executive functions. The analysis of content, internal and construct validity as well as reliability provided evidence of the scale’s significant convergent and discriminant validity when correlated with attentional tests and other personality techniques. We found strong, systematic relations between the attentional control and selected measures of temperament, arousal, emotionality, and motivation. The results allow assuming that good attentional control, may protect individuals from the emotional disorders by regulating perceptual, conceptual, and response processing.