Showing papers in "Polymer Degradation and Stability in 1996"

TL;DR: In this article, the thermal decomposition of biologically degradable polymer poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was investigated by means of several thermoanalytical techniques: thermogravimetric, differential scanning calorimetry, time resolved pyrolysis-MS and pyrolynsis-GC/MS.

TL;DR: Magnesium hydroxide has all the characteristics required for use as a flame retardant filler and can be made synthetically with high purity and in a range of useful morphologies, responds well to surface modifiers and decomposes endothermically with release of water at temperatures close to those of polymer degradation and high enough to allow incorporation into most polymer types as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the poly(lactide) and poly(glycolide) copolymers were hydrolysed at 37 and 60 °C for periods up to 80 days.

TL;DR: In contrast to many halogen compounds, flame retardants based on nitrogen do not interfere with the set of stabilizers added to every plastic material and are suitable for recycling as the nitrogen flame retardant has high decomposition temperatures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of heat and flame resistant textiles is presented, which fall into two groups, each of which is based on the use of non-thermoplastic fibres as the major fibre component.

TL;DR: In this article, the part played by the polymeric matrix on the fire-proofing performances of polyethylene co- or terpolymers was investigated. But, the performance of the PE was not analyzed.

TL;DR: In this article, the mode of thermal degradation of viscose fibres has been studied by thermal analysis (DSC, TGA) and the nature of char determined by IR studies.

TL;DR: In this article, the thermal decomposition of poly(β-hydroxybutyric acid) was investigated by means of several thermoanalytical techniques: thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry.

TL;DR: In this article, the thermal analysis of polyamides modified with magnesium hydroxide fire retardant filler is studied using combined TGA, DSC EGA and on-line FTIR techniques.

TL;DR: The influence of UV radiation on the shape of infrared spectra of collagen from a rat tail tendon was studied in this article, where the spectra were resolved into Gaussian components by means of an iterative computer program.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that ammonium polyphosphate (APP) interacts with nylon 6 producing alkylpolyphosphoric ester which is a precursor of the intumescent char and ammonium pentaborate (APB) forms an inorganic glass protecting the char from oxidation and hindering the diffusion of combustible gases.

TL;DR: In this article, a polyvinylchloride (PVC)-poor light fraction separated from mixed plastic waste (MPW) collected from German households by DSD was pyrolyzed in a technical scale fluidized bed reactor to yield aromatic oils and heat-providing gas.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the biodegradability of 21 samples of biosynthetic and chemosynthetic polyesters at 25 °C under aerobic conditions in a temperature controlled reactor containing 200 ml of natural water from the river Arakawa (Saitama, Japan) as an inoculum, by monitoring the time-dependent changes in the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), weight loss (erosion) of polyester film and dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC) of the test solution.

TL;DR: In this paper, some new examples of favorable interactions between additives in flame retardant formulations have been found, such as the following: phosphorus combinations such as triphenyl phosphate with a tetraphenyl phenylene diphosphate, and char-former combinations in styrenics, melamine with polyphenylene oxide and kaolinite in polyolefin elastomers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of repetitive injection molding cycles at different temperatures and shear rates on the structure and mechanical properties of unfilled and talc-filled polypropylene were studied.

TL;DR: In this article, changes in the luminescence, infra-red and visible spectra of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) when degraded at melt temperatures in air and nitrogen have been examined.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the thermal and thermo-oxidative stability of thermoplastic and thermoset epoxy resin model systems based on the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and contrasted as a function of (mostly) aromatic amine curative structure.

TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that there is an exponential type increase in the early stages of the polyethylene oxidation, followed by a linear increase in later stages, and the discrepancy with the literature results is attributed on the one hand to the fact that the conclusions were based on a very limited amount of experimental results.

TL;DR: In this article, a model for the degradation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) is presented, where the acid stays in solution or evaporates under wet conditions, while in dry conditions it reacts with the terminal hydroxyl group of the PEG to form formic acid esters.

TL;DR: In this article, the peroxide concentration of polypropylene (PP) was found to follow the same two-step decay with DMS exposure time, indicating that both peroxide fractions contribute to CL.

TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal degradation of polyethylene (PE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), poly(vinyl chlorideide) and poly(ethyleneterephthalate) (PET) and their mixtures (PE + PVC and PE + PET) was studied at 430 °C by batch operation to analyse the conversion of waste plastics into fuel oil.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-stage process involving reaction with n-butyl lithium in the presence of tetramethylethylenediamine, followed by reaction with trimethylchlorosilane, dichlorodimethylsilane or trichloromethylsilane is described.

TL;DR: In this paper, the furan products formed by accelerated ageing of cellulose insulation paper in Shell Diala B transformer insulation oil over the temperature range 130-170 °C are investigated, and the results have been correlated with those observed for the changes in the molecular weight and tensile strength of the insulation paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, two successive steps are involved in the transformation of polybutadiene (BR) films on irradiation, when oxygen can diffuse through the irradiated film, photooxidation reactions occur implying the formation of hydroperoxides, α,β-unsaturated species and final saturated carboxylic acid groups.

TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal oxidative degradation of polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer (SBS rubber) has been conducted in an in-situ infrared cell.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) samples aged in natural and artificial conditions, and samples recovered after use for a long time (15-30 years) at 253-301 K.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of two different iodometric determination methods, as well as results of dimethylsulfide, acid and nitroxide treatments were used to determine the difference between the fast and the slowly decomposing fractions of polypropylene peroxides.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of dewaxing with hot benzene, bleaching with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatments on the reflectance, fluorescence and tensile properties were studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the fire retardant action in epoxy resins based on tetraglycidyl 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) either alone or combined with the diglycidether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), cured with bis(m-aminophenyl)methylphosphine oxide (BAMPO) was studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the thermal degradation of poly(α-methylstyrene) in solution was investigated at various temperatures (150-225 °C) and polymer concentrations (2.00-20.0 g/l) at 6.8 MPa (1000 psig).