Showing papers in "Polymer Degradation and Stability in 2008"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have discussed various types of polymeric degradations along with their mechanisms, which include photo-oxidative degradation, thermal degradation, ozone-induced degradation, mechanochemical degradation, catalytic degradation and biodegradation.

TL;DR: In this article, a dynamic TG analysis under nitrogen was used to investigate the thermal decomposition processes of 10 types of natural fibers commonly used in the polymer composite industry, including wood, bamboo, agricultural residue, and bast fibers.

TL;DR: The structural evolution and thermal behavior of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) homopolymer and copolymer [P(AN-IA)] containing about 1.5 mol% itaconic acid (IA) during stabilization in air were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, high density polyethylene composites with curaua fibres were prepared using an intermeshing co-rotating extruder and two different coupling agents.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the aerobic biodegradation of a composite under controlled composting conditions using standard test methods, which was formed by poly(lactic acid) (PLA), with and without the addition of maleic anhydride (MA), acting as coupling agent, thermoplastic starch (TPS) and short natural fibre (coir).

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of outside and accelerated weathering on the visual appearance and chemical changes of wood plastic composite (WPC) formulations based on high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) were investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, PANI nanotubes were obtained in situ on silicon windows during the oxidation of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous solutions of strong (0.1 ǫM sulfuric) or weak ( 0.4 m acetic) acid or without any acid.

TL;DR: In this paper, the linear rheology and thermal stability of polylactide (PLA) nanocomposites were investigated by the parallel plate rheometer and TGA, aiming at examining the effect of surface functionalization on the dispersion of MWCNTs by using viscoelastic and thermal properties.

TL;DR: In this paper, combined moisture/ultraviolet (UV) weathering performance of unbleached and bleached Kraft wood fibre reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites was studied. And the extent of the reduction found to be similar for both unbleach and bleach fibre composites.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel flame retardant system of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is prepared via using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and layered double hydroxide (LDH).

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of three nitrogen additives (urea, guanidine carbonate, and melamine formaldehyde) on the flame retardant action of cotton cellulose treated with tributyl phosphate (TBP) were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of acid treatment of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical, thermal and mainly thermo-oxidative stability of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, the evolution of rheological and mechanical properties of polylactic acid with the number of recycling cycles up to seven was investigated, and the effect of two stabilizers was also assessed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of lanthanum oxide (La2O3) as a synergistic agent on the flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites (IFR-PP) were studied, and the new IFR system mainly consisted of the charring-foaming agent (CFA) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the first study on the fire behavior of halloysite nanotubes-nylon 6 composites and found that relatively high concentrations of additive were required to achieve the levels of fire retardant property normally associated with nanoclay (or layered silicate) additives.

TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation rate of polylactide (PLA)-montmorillonite micro-and nanocomposites based on semicrystalline and amorphous polymers and unmodified and organomodified clays at 5% content were produced by melt mixing and subjected to accelerated hydrolytic degradation over a temperature range of 50-70°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of surface morphologies and chemical groups on surface wettability was firstly assessed for electrospun poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) and poly(k,k)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PELA) fibers.

TL;DR: A flame-retardant epoxy resin (EP) was synthesized based on a novel reactive phosphorus-containing monomer, 4-[(5,5-dimethyl-2oxide-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-4-yl)oxy]-phenol (DODPP), and its structures were characterized by FTIR, 1 H NMR and 31 P NMR spectra as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The degradation of low density polyethylene (LDPE) films containing trace quantities of a representative pro-oxidant (cobalt stearate) was investigated in the presence of well defined enriched microbial strains in Basal salt medium as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The use of photocatalytic titania nanoparticles in the development of self-cleaning and de-polluting paints and microbiological surfaces is demonstrated in this article, where porosity of the coatings through calcium carbonate doping is shown to be crucial in the control of the effective destruction of atmospheric NOX gases.

TL;DR: In this paper, an epoxy-clay nanocomposites using hexadecylammonium clay and hexadecylphosphonium clay, respectively, were synthesized by using diaminodiphenylsulphone as a curing agent and X-ray diffraction patterns obtained for the systems confirmed the nanodispersion of MMT-Clay in the epoxy networks.

TL;DR: In this article, a polylactic acid/polypropylene (PLA/PP) blend was used to improve the resistance to biodegradation and biodegradability of PLA.

TL;DR: In this article, three-dimensional porous silk fibroin/chitosan (SFCS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by freeze-drying method and in vitro degradation behaviors of SFCS scaffolds have been systematically investigated up to 8 weeks in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution at 37 °C.

TL;DR: In this paper, bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) and trisilanolphenyl-POSS (TPOSS) were prepared by the melt blending method.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that ammonium surfactants commonly found in commercial nanoclays (for nanocomposites' production) effectively have a catalytic effect on the PHB degradation.

TL;DR: In this paper, fire retardant poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has been obtained by the incorporation of octamethyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OMPOSS) and Exolit OP950, a phosphinate-based compound in recycled PET.

TL;DR: In this paper, carboxymethyl hemicelluloses (CMH) were converted to CMH by carboxyethylation using sodium monochloroacetate and sodium hydroxide in ethanol/water medium, and the resulting polymers were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies.

TL;DR: In this paper, carbon black coated with polyaniline, forming a core-shell structure, was synthesized by in situ polymerization at different carbon black contents and introduced into epoxy resin to be a microwave absorber.

TL;DR: The thermal degradation mechanism of polyvinyl acetate copolymers was investigated with solid-state NMR, thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry and differential thermal analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, PANI has been suspended in 9M KOH at 20 or 90°C for various time intervals extending to 4 months, and the changes in the molecular structure are discussed on the basis of FTIR spectra.