Showing papers in "Polymer Degradation and Stability in 2013"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a brief status report on the important aspects of polymer oxidation and focus on the complexity of thermally accelerated polymer aging phenomena, the importance of DLO, property correlations, kinetic models, TGA approaches, and a framework for predictive aging models are briefly discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the recent progress on recycling polymeric waste form some traditional polymers and their systems (blends and composites) such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS), and introduced the mechanical and chemical recycling concepts.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed published life cycle assessments (LCAs) and commonly used LCA databases that quantify the environmental sustainability of bio-based polymers and summarized the range of findings reported within the literature.

TL;DR: In this article, the thermal degradation characteristics of rigid polyurethane foam in both air and nitrogen gaseous environments were studied using thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) hyphenated techniques.

TL;DR: In this article, the behavior of polyethylene with different contents in vinyl and t-vinylene groups has been studied by photooxidation with λ ≥ 300 nm light or by thermooxidation at a temperature of 100 °C.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of carbon additives with different particle sizes and shapes on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene is investigated, and the effects of carbon nanomaterials on the properties of PP composites are most pronounced for well-exfoliated graphenes, making them preferable to less exfoliated, micron-sized expanded graphite or conventional spherical and tubular carbon nanoparticles.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the hydrolysis process of different commercial grades of polylactic acid (PLA) was performed in aqueous medium at 58°C.

TL;DR: In this article, the rate and extent of mineralization of a wide range of commercially available plastic alternative materials were determined during composting, anaerobic digestion and soil incubation.

TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of poly(lactic acid) was investigated in both distilled water and controlled composting conditions at a temperature of 58 °C, and it was concluded that the denser structure of the initially crystalline sample was more impermeable to the enzymatic attach and to oligomer diffusion.

TL;DR: In this article, a process consisting of a set of new catalysts with optimised process conditions for the maximum production of highly pure bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) via glycolysis was demonstrated.

TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of PLA coupons from commercial packaging at a range of temperatures (25°, 37°, 45°, 50° and 55°C) in soil and compost and compared with the degradation rates in sterile aqueous conditions by measuring loss of tensile strength and molecular weight (Mw).

TL;DR: In this article, a bio-based oligomeric lactic acid (OLA) plasticizer was used to enhance PLA ductility and to get a fully biodegradable material with potential application in films manufacturing.

TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal decomposition behavior of treated and untreated kenaf/epoxy composites as well as their components, including the components, kenafer fiber and neat epoxy from room temperature up to 600°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the thermal degradation and fire reaction of different natural fibers and their corresponding biocomposites using TGA, PCFC and cone calorimetry.

TL;DR: Poplar wood fibers were chemically modified by esterification (acetate, propionate, benzoate) and then compounded with high density polyethylene (HDPE) into wood plastic composites (WPC) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a novel flame-retarded polyurethane rigid foam with a high percentage of castor oil-phosphoric acid (COFPL) derived from renewable castor-oil derived PUFs was fabricated by cast molding.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of contaminants in post used PET bottles on the decomposition of polymer itself after recycling process was analyzed, and the thermal degradation products of PET were achieved by pyrolysis using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), temperature-programmed evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometers (EGA-MS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the effectiveness of novel phosphorous-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant system (ammonium polyphosphate 202 and PPM Triazine HF - trademark, abbrev IS) on fire retardancy and thermal stability properties of polypropylene (abbrev PP) at incorporation level below the standard amount required for intumescence.

TL;DR: In this paper, a polyamide-6 (PA6) substrate has been coated with a flame retardant film, made from polyallylamine (PAH) (polycation) and montmorillonite (polyanion), elaborated by Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique.

TL;DR: In this paper, a biodegradable nanocomposites were prepared using nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as reinforcement and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate, PHBV) as the polymer matrix, and their properties such as its mechanical properties, crystallization behavior, solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2), foaming behavior, and thermal stability and degradation due to NFC were evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, the flexural properties and the impact strength of a glass fiber/epoxy composite after immersion in hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were analyzed.

TL;DR: In this article, a hydrophobic triazine-containing macromolecule was synthesized through two step reactions, using cyanuric chloride, ethylamine and piperazine as raw materials.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) after exposure of samples to hot distilled water and found that the addition of low contents of TRGO and MWCNT greatly reduced the water sorption capacity of the epoxy polymer and improved its resistance to hydrothermal ageing.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the findings concerning the effect of nanofillers to biodegradation and enzymatic hydrolysis of aliphatic polyesters were summarized and discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the thermal stability, mechanical stability and interface stability of microcapsules in bitumen and found that these micro-capsules had the elastic-plastic deformation ability resisting the temperature changes and mixing stress.

TL;DR: The correlation and differences among the processes of critical reactions in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer and terpolymer fibers during thermal-oxidative stabilization have been studied by the comparative method as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the efficiency of halloysite as synergistic agent in an intumescent PP system based on a coated ammonium polyphosphate (IFR).

TL;DR: In this article, an efficient flame retardant polymeric synergist poly[ N 4 -bis(ethylenediamino)-phenyl phosphonic- N 2, N 6 -bis (ethyleniamino)1,3,5-triazine- N -phenylosphonate] (PTPA) was designed and synthesized from cyanuric chloride, ethylenediamine and phenylphosphonic dichloride.

TL;DR: A series of bio-based poly(butylene adipate-co-butylene furandicarboxylate) (PBAFs) copolyesters were synthesized from 2,5-furandic-arboxylic acid (FDCA), adipic acid (AA), and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) through a two-step polycondensation reaction as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the preparation and characterization of biofilms based on pectin/polyethylene glycol 20000 (PEG) blend and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) is studied.