Showing papers in "Problems and perspectives in management in 2019"

Tax revenue and agricultural performance: Evidence from Nigeria

Abstract: The responsibility of the government of any economy cannot be overemphasized. Likewise, the resources generated and infrastructural development helps to boost the economic growth of any nation. There has been overdependency of Nigerian economy on the oil sector, the major source of revenue. However, this sector has experienced several challenges ranging from devaluation in naira and fall in prices of crude oil in the international market. This serves as a revelation for the Nigerian government to seek an additional source of income. To this end, the main aim of this paper is to examine the impact of total tax revenue on agricultural performance in Nigeria. The study uses Engel and Granger approach to cointegration to establish the long- and shortrun behavior, it was found that a positive and significant relationship exists between revenue obtained in the agricultural sector, capital in agricultural sector proxy by loan and agricultural output, while employment and total tax generated are not significant in the short run. In the long run, employment, capital and total revenue are statistically significant with agricultural output, while tax is insignificant. The implication of the result showed that tax has not yielded desirable result in promoting the agricultural sector in Nigeria. To promote pro-poor growth, long-run employment and improve overall welfare, there is a need to incorporate benefit from tax into agricultural performance. The study recommends among others the need for a systemic approach, given a significant percentage of the total tax generated to boost the development of the agricultural sector. Keywords agriculture output, taxation, employment JEL Classification E62, O4

The role of universities in disseminating the social responsibility practices of insurance companies

Abstract: The desire and ability to apply the concept of social responsibility is directly proportional to a culture that is formed due to the relevant knowledge, skills and qualifications. It is believed that university education is able to interest future owners, experts and clients of insurance companies in running socially responsible activities.The purpose of the study is to determine the role of universities in disseminating the social responsibility practices in the insurance sector.The main method of research is the survey conducted among 536 full-time students-financiers at domestic universities in September and October 2018. This method allowed to identify peculiarities of students’ perception of the social responsibility concept in the insurance sector of Ukraine. The case study method was also applied to reflect the social responsibility practices used by domestic insurance companies.As a result of the combination of the methods proposed, the low level of students’ knowledge of social responsibility in the insurance sector and the low interest of insurance companies as compared to foreign insurance companies have been shown. That is why, in the process of training, it is important for universities to focus on the proper world-view positions and value orientations, dialog and ethical cooperation that will enhance the professional training of students and develop modern professional competence among them that will meet international practices and requirements.

The effect of industrial revolutions on the transformation of social and economic systems

Abstract: ARTICLE INFO Leonid Melnyk, Oleksandr Kubatko, Iryna Dehtyarova, Oleksandr Matsenko and Oleksandr Rozhko (2019). The effect of industrial revolutions on the transformation of social and economic systems. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 17(4), 381-391. doi:10.21511/ppm.17(4).2019.31 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(4).2019.31 RELEASED ON Friday, 27 December 2019 RECEIVED ON Friday, 11 October 2019 ACCEPTED ON Monday, 16 December 2019

Computational entrepreneurship: from economic complexities to interdisciplinary research

Abstract: The development of technology is unbelievably rapid. From limited local networks to high speed Internet, from crude computing machines to powerful semi-conductors, the world had changed drastically compared to just a few decades ago. In the constantly renewing process of adapting to such an unnaturally high-entropy setting, innovations as well as entirely new concepts, were often born. In the business world, one such phenomenon was the creation of a new type of entrepreneurship. This paper proposes a new academic discipline of computational entrepreneurship, which centers on: (i) an exponentially growing (and less expensive) computing power, to the extent that almost everybody in a modern society can own and use that; (ii) omnipresent high-speed Internet connectivity, wired or wireless, representing our modern day’s economic connectomics; (iii) growing concern of exploiting “serendipity” for a strategic commercial advantage; and (iv) growing capabilities of lay people in performing calculations for their informed decisions in taking fast-moving entrepreneurial opportunities. Computational entrepreneurship has slowly become a new mode of operation for business ventures and will likely bring the academic discipline of entrepreneurship back to mainstream economics.

The impact of key audit matter (KAM) disclosure in audit reports on stakeholders’ reactions: a literature review

Abstract: This article presents a literature review of 39 empirical studies on key audit matter (KAM) disclosure in audit reports. The study involves a structured literature review on KAM disclosure based on the reactions of stakeholders. The limitations of former studies and useful recommendations for research are stressed. Five major streams of empirical research that analyse the impact of KAM disclosure on stakeholders’ reactions are focused: (1) shareholders (e.g. investors’ perceptions of auditors’ responsibility and litigation, value relevance and investors’ decisions); (2) debtholders (e.g. loan contracting terms); (3) external auditors (e.g. audit processes and audit fees); (4) boards of directors (e.g. earnings management); and (5) other stakeholders (e.g. informational value for suppliers and customers). We stress that most of the included studies use experimental or archival data and analyse the impact of KAM disclosure on investor reactions in a US-American setting. As the international standard setters assume a positive impact of KAM on stakeholder reactions, mixed empirical results are found. Although there are some indications of decreased earnings management behaviour, most studies find no significant changes in auditor behaviour. Furthermore, there are many insignificant results with regard to shareholders’ reaction in line with our stakeholder and behavioural agency framework. Our literature review is especially useful for management decisions because firm reputation may be positively or negatively influenced by KAM regulations.

Analysis of organizational culture with denison’s model approach for international business competitiveness

Abstract: This paper is mainly to study implementation of organizational culture in enhancing business competitiveness. Culture is seen as a soft system tool that reflects beliefs that are able to drive business performance in an international environment. Today, culture is a part of instrument to measure organizational readiness in managing business in an international environment. The research is focused on evaluatiny organizational culture in international-scale hotel in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. International-scale hotels are faced with differences in the nature of employees and customers, so management needs to develop a culture type as a strategy to encourage business competitiveness. The research applies Denison’s organizational culture model with four dimensions: involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission. Sample includes 248 working people at four star hotels with various positions, that is managers, supervisors and employees. The results of the study found that international hotel chains have the power to carry out internal alignment as a strategy to increase competitiveness through employee empowerment programs, team orientation, skills development, and alignment of work values. The results of the study illustrate the importance of internal and external dimension consistency for international business competitiveness.

Corporate dynamism and cash holding decision in listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria

Abstract: Cash holding decision is a very crucial decision that strongly affects the performance of an organization. Corporate dynamism as a corporate governance tool was explored in this study in order to establish its relationship with cash holding decision in listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Board skill, female leadership, foreign directors, board ownership and directors’ compensation were used as proxies for corporate dynamism. A panel regression model was adopted in this study to examine the implication of corporate dynamism on cash holding decisions spanning six years from 2012 to 2017. Random sampling technique was employed in order to arrive at thirty firms out of thirty-seven listed manufacturing firms, which comprised industrial and consumer goods sector. Board ownership and the existence of foreign expatriates were found to have a significant effect on cash holding decisions. It is concluded that directors with significant holdings tend to be more aggressive towards activities that enhance the performance of a firm, one of which is ensuring that optimal level of cash is held at a particular point in time in order to guide against liquidity problems, which may be caused by overtrading or even keeping excess idle cash, which is supposed to be invested in profitable ventures. Also, the fact that the existence of foreign expatriates will affect cash holding decisions, which may be justified by the fact foreign expatriates are displaying expertise because of diverse experience that they have been able to gain from different parts of the world.

Innovative controlling and audit – opportunities for SMEs

Abstract: This research is oriented to SME’s innovation activities, its management system and competitiveness based on innovations. Research is focused on causalities between innovative controlling, audit, enterprise innovation activities and the results put in context with ROA, ROE, turnover. Data for this research were collected in 317 European SMEs by researches by using questionnaire and analyzed by advanced statistical methods. The aim of this research is to identify key factors for successful innovation enterprise activities, to define weaknesses and common mistakes. Secondary aim is to design controlling process for SME’s innovation activities. The findings of this research are opening up topics for further research.

Transition to a new economy: transformation trends in the field of income and salary functions

Abstract: The rapid spread of information technologies and other phenomena in the new economy causes significant changes in the social and employment spheres. The objective is mainly to analyze and systematize the peculiarities of labor and payment for it in the new economy. In this paper, the analytical grouping method for characterizing salary functions, as well as changes in the social and labor sphere that take place in the new economy, correlation-regression analysis to determine the relationship between average income and factors affecting its level are used. The results of the paper show three important findings. Firstly, the gradual changes in the content of labor and forms of its organization that happen in modern conditions under the influence of dissemination of information and communication technologies require new approaches to income adjustment, management of employment of the population, development of professional education system. Secondly, the authors also found that the fair employee compensation, ensuring productive employment in modern conditions, is a challenge not only of the national, but also of international scale. Thirdly, the prospective directions of reducing inequality and social tension in society are the guarantee of the basic unconditional income, progressive tax on all types of income, reduction of the length of working time while maintaining payments and improving productivity. In addition to avoiding social dangers, it would be a proactive progressive function of expanding human development opportunities.

Management of the economic potential of territories in the context of sustainable development: case of Ukraine

Abstract: The process of assessment of economic potential of territories and its governance is a complex task in emerging markets countries, such as Ukraine. This requires the creation of an effective evaluation system and management mechanisms. The paper aims to develop the assessment system of the economic potential of the territories under the conditions of sustainable development and the main components of its management. Methods of research are as follows: analysis, synthesis, systematization, standardization, etc. The integral indicator of the dynamics of the economic potential of Ukrainian regions assessment in the context of sustainable development is substantiated; it includes environmental, investment, institutional, innovation, cluster, infrastructure, financial, export and human capital indices. As a result three groups of regions with different levels of economic potential dynamics have been identified and clustered: regions with a high level of economic potential dynamics; regions with a stable level of economic potential dynamics; regions with low or negative levels of economic potential dynamics. The obtained results ascertain that special attention should be paid to the environmental, investment, innovation and institutional components of the economic potential management.

Economic and environmental convergence of transformation economy: the case of China

Abstract: Rapid economic reforms and proper GDP growth in China has affected the regional development of Chinese provinces. This study aims to estimate the degree of economic and environmental disparities within Chinese provinces for developing policy recommendations of regional transformation. The reduced log-linear specification of endogenous growth model is used for the estimation of convergence rates within Chinese provinces. The empirical results prove that an increase of 1% in GDP per capita basic year reduces the economic growth rate by 0.1% in the reference year. Thus, the ratio of the average per capita income in the wealthiest group to poorest provinces accounted for the factor 9.6 in 1995 and factor 4.1 in the year 2015, which means a reduction of disproportionate development. Environmental convergence trends were also found and less polluted provinces eventually increase emissions at higher rates than the initially polluted ones. With the pass of time, all provinces do move to the same steady state in environmental parameters. The speed of the economic and environmental convergence in China provinces is rather slow, and the economic growth was achieved by great sacrifices of an environment, since all provinces are striving to the same steady state in terms of pollution increase. The industrialized regions due to the presence of significant financial resources should pay more attention to the protection of the environment using all the available economic potential. At the same time, both initially poor provinces and rich have to develop more profoundly agriculture, tourism, recreation, and other environmentally friendly industries to improve economic performance.

Important factors which predict entrepreneur’s perception in business risk

Abstract: This paper seeks to examine the role of factors originated from outside (economic, political, competitive environment and relationships) and within (entrepreneur’s attitude) the organization on the business risk perceived by entrepreneurs. To test the hypothetical relationships, an ordinal regression with two link functions was applied on an original dataset of 641 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Slovakia and Czech Republic. The analysis revealed that not only economic factors can predict business risk, but along with them are political and competitive environments, relationship with supply chain actors and entrepreneur’s attitude. Consistent with prior research, it is found that an unstable economic environment leads the business to expose themselves to business risk. Also, a friendly regulation framework and quality education contribute significantly to reducing the level of risk. The research triggers the interest of policymakers who design policies aimed at improving the business environment by reducing the level of risk that firms face in doing business. Also, this paper is useful for managerial perspective, since entrepreneur attitude was found to be a predictor of business risk.

Methodology of national investment and innovation security analytics

Abstract: The main problem of the research is development of a conceptual framework for investment and innovation security, as well as the methodological approach to its assessment, which will allow monitoring and identifying the threats and achieving the desired security state of the national economy. It has been proved that investment and innovation security is a multi-level phenomenon, consisting of the following levels: global, national, corporate and household ones. Investment and innovation security is determined by three components, such as state security at the external and internal markets, security of enterprises (corporations) and individual households, which requires their balancing. The methodical approach to the integrated assessment of the investment and innovation security level is developed, which involves the development of integral index as the geometric mean of 3 sub-indices, which include single indices under the national, corporate and household level. The results of this methodological approach approbation allowed us to form preconditions for finding ways of growth, forecasting trends and building scenarios for strengthening the investment and economic security of Ukraine.

Is deterrence approach effective in combating tax evasion? A meta-analysis

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a meta-analysis of the relationship between determinant factors and tax evasion based on deterrence approach. Using the meta-analysis method, each statistical result of empirical studies is converted into r-pearson as standardized effect size, and then synthesized into a mean effect size in order to increase power and to resolve uncertainty. Theoretically, increasing audit, tax rate and tax penalty will decrease tax evasion. However, the results show that only tax rate has a significant impact on tax evasion. Synthesizing totally 478 outcomes from articles published between 1978 and 2018, there is a robust conclusion that decreasing tax rate is an effective tool in combating tax evasion. On the other hand, audit and penalty are not significant in influencing tax evasion. In addition, the results of heterogeneity analysis suggest that national culture and income level of the country are useful in explaining the impact of audit, tax rate and tax penalty on tax evasion. These findings should be of interest to policymakers. First, instead of sacrificing more resources in conducting audit or imposing more penalty, tax authorities should consider setting the tax rate as low as possible to diminish tax evasion. Second, considering that culture and income level influence the impact of audit and penalty on tax evasion, policymakers should consider national cultural values and income level condition when designing audit techniques and setting penalty structures.

Diversification of export territories of family businesses as a tool of their further development

Abstract: Family business is the largest global source of jobs in the private sector, whose multigenerational nature strengthens the stability of individual economies. A competitive small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector into which family businesses are classified is an essential prerequisite for the full-fledged integration of any economy into the global economic space. For the Czech economy, the importance of foreign trade is increasing, and is dependent on the capabilities of companies to expand to foreign markets. The goal of this article is to identify involvement of the generation of successors to export activities of family business, focusing on diversifying export territories in relation to structure of the industry A secondary goal is to discuss the demand mechanisms for SMEs/family business oriented toward export. The scientific hypotheses defined are focused on demonstrating a dependency between the diversification of export territories, the involvement of the generation of successors in the management of the company and structure of industry. Authors have demonstrated that family businesses managed by the first generation of founders export primarily to the territories of Slovakia, Germany, and the EU. Companies where the next generation contributes to management diversify territorial risk and also export outside the EU countries. A significant correlation was demonstrated between automotive industry and Germany, Slovakia and country outside the EU and mechanical engineering and country outside the EU. The uniqueness of this article lies in the topicality of the real transition of Czech family businesses to the next generation, which carries out foreign trade to promote the further development and sustainability of the family business for future generations.

Testing the fruitfulness of the institutional environment for the development of innovative-entrepreneurial universities in Ukraine

Abstract: ARTICLE INFO Andriy Stavytskyy, Oleksandr Dluhopolskyi, Ganna Kharlamova, Anatolii Karpuk and Valeriy Osetskyi (2019). Testing the fruitfulness of the institutional environment for the development of innovative-entrepreneurial universities in Ukraine. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 17(4), 274-288. doi:10.21511/ppm.17(4).2019.23 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(4).2019.23 RELEASED ON Friday, 20 December 2019 RECEIVED ON Thursday, 10 October 2019 ACCEPTED ON Monday, 25 November 2019

Mobile learning for high-school mathematics as a path to better sustainability in a fast-changing society: an exploratory study from Vietnam

Abstract: The use of mobile learning, or M-learning, has been increasingly appreciated by educators due to its sustainability potential in different facets such as finance (i.e., affordable cost) and flexibility (i.e., time and pace of learning). However, it may not be effective in all situations. This study explored the feasibility of using M-learning for students’ self-study of mathematics in the context of Vietnamese high schools. Using 542 student and 40 teacher responses to two surveys, the study showed that the use of M-learning might not be feasible for students’ self-study of mathematics due to difficulties related to accessing mathematics websites, the quality of mathematics website content, students’ low level of self-learning ability and learning disengagement. This study suggests that the use of M-learning may contribute to the sustainability of education; adopting it should be based on a critical examination of contextual factors, especially students’ self-learning ability and engagement. M-learning can be promising and beneficial to students due to its capability to equip students to prepare for the fast-changing and technological-driven world. Educators have increasingly appreciated the use of M-learning, because it becomes more affordable and flexible. Nonetheless, there is still a question about near-future adoptions of M-learning due to unavailability of and inaccessibility to quality contents from trusted maths websites. The propensity of student engagements in M-learning is also an important issue for future research.

Relation between Organisational Citizenship Behavior, Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance in BFSI sector in India

Abstract: Companies across the world are struggling to keep the employees engaged and retained to their work. Moreover, today’s workforce is increasingly seeking intrinsic benefits beyond the material rewards of a job. In this context, this study aims to assess the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), workplace spirituality (WS) and job performance (JP) in a non-Western setting where primary quantitative research was conducted in an Indian setting. The sector under study was Banking, Finance, and Insurance Services (BFSI), given retention issues since the financial crisis of 2008. A statistically evaluated sample of 433 respondents was utilized to attain the findings. Results revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between OCB, WS and JP that was achieved through regression analysis. However, findings also showed that OCB is not a moderator between WS and JP. The gap in the research was addressed given the lack of studies determining the impact of OCB on individual job performance. Further, the impact was positively highlighted in the Indian context. The implications to the BFSI sector were made that required companies to promote a culture for voluntary work practices to enhance JP.

Budget strategy in the conditions of economic globalization

Abstract: Economic changes create a strong need for the reconsideration of the system of financial and budgetary knowledge and paradigms already created in developed countries regarding the possibility of their use in the countries with developing economies. In this article, the authors clarify that the process of formation of the efficient and mutually agreed budget policy with strategic tasks of the social and economical development of countries requires development of the budget strategy. Its essence is the dynamic realization of the system of goals, principles, directions, tasks of state authorities, co-ordination and adequacy of their long-term regulatory measures to internal and external changes in the economic environment and social transformations aimed at ensuring macroeconomic stability, accelerating economic growth and improving the well-being of the population. The principles of budget strategy development have been clearly defined: scientific substantiation; integrity; efficiency; systematic approach; adaptability; variability; interdependence; purposefulness; sociality; legitimacy. The share of government expenditures, budget deficit and public debt in the gross domestic product in the EU and Ukraine has been estimated. The priority directions of budget strategies in the conditions of economic transformations have been defined, in particular, regarding the increase of efficiency of public expenditures and establishment of restrictions on their level of growth; improvement of the mechanism for managing budget deficits, public debt and guarantees and reduction of their limits. The research has demonstrated a huge influence of the budget strategy on the social and economical processes and on the development of the social relations.

Global deoffshorization and its impact on the national and regional economies of eastern european countries

Abstract: In recent years, deoffshorization is a trend and dozens of countries have already started an open fight against offshore accounts. Ukraine is moving to complete deoffshorization in accordance with the new rules for exchanging information on financial accounts and BEPS rules. The purpose of the study was to search for optimal solutions for further improvements in the field of deoffshorization of the national and regional economy of the Eastern European contries, in particular Ukraine. The following methods were used to solve the problems in the work: induction and deduction (in the study of offshore types, the definition of interconnection and interdependence between them), abstract-logical (in generalizing the theoretical foundations of economic deoffshorization ), econometric-statistical (in assessing the state and dynamics of export-import operations of Ukraine with offshore jurisdictions), statistical analysis.On the basis of theoretical and empirical conclusions, the main consequences, which are the result of the study of global deoffshorization in conditions of financial control and its influence on the national and regional economy of Ukraine, are presented. The article provides a correlation analysis of the dependence of the export index to the UK from Ukraine with export, import and balance of offshore countries. A study was conducted on the presence or absence of a relationship between the volume of balance, exports and imports from Ukraine to the United Kingdom with the macroeconomic indicators of the national economy of Ukraine.

Economic growth: macroeconomic effects of Public Borrowings at the global level

Abstract: The study examines the peculiarities of the impact of public debt on the economic growth of states. The aim of the study was to analyze and identify the determinants of the impact of government borrowing on economic growth. The following research methods have been applied: analysis and synthesis of data and theoretical work, comparative analysis, statistical, correlation, cluster and discriminant analysis. According to the results of the survey, it is established that the growth of government borrowing can have both a negative and a positive effect on the economy, provided that it implements as the share of government debt to GDP, does not exceed 60% and is implemented in the form of financial investments (golden rule of public finance). The state’s deficit is allowed provided that state assets grow; current income from investment fully covers current expenses. The results of clusterization allowed to allocate 3 groups of states: states that demonstrated the economic downturn; states characterized by slow economic growth; states that were characterized by high level of economic growth. The first group of states (the countries with economic downturn) observed a negative high level of government debt and GDP. The results showed the low level of domestic borrowing development in low and middle income countries, which in developed countries allows governments to finance the investment projects on the basis of local loans (municipal bonds, infrastructure bonds, mainly medium and long-term), increase the debt burden in terms of economic recession.

Innovative ways of thinking concerning economic governance after the global financial crisis

Abstract: The global financial crisis highlighted the limitations of the mainstream economic thinking. The post-crisis reflection has not resulted yet in any new paradigm, however, several new, still separate, innovative approaches appeared in the field of public finances and economic governance. The aim of the paper is to provide a structured presentation of these new innovative approaches, which can serve as a potential basis of a new way of thinking about economic and financial governance and the innovation of public finances. The paper reviews the relevant international literature published after the global financial crisis and, as a result, presents the innovations, especially in respect of the role of the state, the renewal of central banking, the reassessment of the stability and geopolitical aspects of economic policy, the relevance of confidence and cooperation in public policy, the increasing role of the public sector concerning the sustainability of economic development and the renaissance of institutional economics. Based on these new approaches, the paper concludes that the smart, inclusive and sustainable, innovation-led growth requires the rethinking of the role, the functions, the objectives and the instruments of public policy and economic governance.

Investment and innovative development of industrial enterprises as the basis for the technological singularity

Abstract: Investment and innovative development of industrial enterprises is driven by the influence on the sensitive indicators of their activity, which characterize technological singularity. Therefore, it ...

Generational links between entrepreneurship, management and puritanism

Abstract: This paper deals with relationships between puritanism, management and entrepreneurship. As this is an on-going debate among economic historians, it focuses on the period from the early 1800s until present times, where Norwegian high profile puritan entrepreneurship serves as the case. The theoretical framework is that entrepreneurship is seen as an important liaison factor representing multifactor productivity in a Solow growth model. The paper provides new insight within different areas on the basis of utilization of available sources. Firstly, it gives new estimates of the entrepreneurship of the puritan leader, Hans Nielsen Hauge (1771–1824). Secondly, it organizes his followers in three generations. The first is those who directly took up his heritage, i.e. Haugeans. Their heydays lasted until the middle of the 19th century. The second generation is characterized as Haugean descendants. These were highly influenced by the movement’s values. They dominated the scene from the late 1800s to the late 1900s. The third generation is called Neo-Haugeans, largely a fruit of the revival of Haugean values during the last decades. Thirdly, the paper maps attributes and motivation of this puritan entrepreneurship during generations. The authors conclude that it was guided by high degree of innovation, family ownership, wide portfolios, and continuity, when stewardship seems to be an important motivational factor.

Globalization of the tourism industry: scales, levels and institutional formats

Abstract: The article presents the author’s view of the impact of globalization, internationalization, transnationalization on the development of the international tourism industry with the substantiation of the features of institutional transformations caused by large-scale, structural and other changes in the world economy, in particular, the analysis of the development of the tourism industry of the leading countries, which are centers to attract tourist flow (France, USA, Spain, China, Italy), as well as Ukraine. As a result of correlation and regression models, the potential of the industry and its investment attractiveness were established. It is proved that within the countries’ economic activity, the tourism sector makes a significant contribution to the creation of the gross national product. Characterizing the coefficients in the multivariate regression equation, it can be stated that the most significant impact on GDP is the factor of “Income from international tourism”, since for all countries, it has a positive value greater than one. As for such a factor as “Total investment in the tourism industry”, for all but Ukraine, this factor is characterized by a negative impact on GDP, which determines the high costs of infrastructure development, which are not always paid off by the income of the incoming tourist flow in the short term.

Job enrichment, organizational commitment, and intention to quit: the mediating role of employee engagement

Abstract: In human resource accounting, personnel recruitment cost is an important issue. High turnover of employees triggers this charge. This research focused on the non-financial issue in employee turnovers for various professions. This study examines the effect of job enrichment, a self-development process on the working environment, to the employee’s engagement and organizational commitment, as well as the intention to quit in a different profession. The respondents of this research are 154 workers who have worked at their institution for at least two years. Using moderate regression analysis and testing two models, the first with linear regression, and the second with moderate regression analysis, this research shows that in the first model, job enrichment and employee engagement affect organizational commitment directly. However, in the second model, this study shows that employee engagement cannot moderate the effect of job enrichment on organizational commitment or the intention to quit. This research also finds that employee engagement affects negatively the intention to quit at work. The research findings strengthen the theory that a self-development process capable of generating employee engagement can assist management in controlling employee turnover rates.

Exploring the benefits of corporate accelerators: investigating the SAP Industry 4.0 Startup Program

Abstract: Corporate accelerators are on the rise and established companies from a diverse set of industries and regions have set up such startup support programs to predominantly pursue strategic goals. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the benefits of corporate accelerators from a corporate perspective and that of the participating startups. In order to do so, this in-depth single-site case study investigates the SAP Industry 4.0 Startup Program building upon an inductive research design with explorative nature. The authors qualitatively examine a newly established corporate accelerator program of one of the world’s largest enterprise software companies and provide valuable insights for both practitioners and scholars engaged in corporate accelerators. The benefits for startups participating in corporate accelerator programs can be linked to operational go-to-market acceleration in regards to product development, sales acceleration, as well as skill and knowledge development. Moreover, the startups receive benefits linked to strategic business development acceleration in the areas of strategy and business model improvements, pitching, financing, and strategic partner development. At the same time, corporate accelerators overall aim to increase the competitiveness of established companies running such programs by developing a product ecosystem and the brand, infusing startup culture into the organization and developing customer relationships.

Regulatory changes and reporting quality: the moderating role of firm characteristics

Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of regulatory changes on financial reporting quality and audit fees and to further test whether this effect was moderated by firm characteristics (i.e. abnormal audit fees, political connections and overlapping directorship) in Nigeria. This study utilized the data of 90 companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange over the period 2008–2013. Using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique that takes into account the endogeneity nature of financial reporting quality and audit fees model, the results indicated that financial reporting quality improved in the regulatory changes period. However, abnormal audit fees, political connection and overlapping directorship deteriorated the effect. Accordingly, future regulatory reforms must be cognizant of these factors. Even though there are abundant empirical studies on financial regulatory changes and their effects on financial reporting quality, this study provides additional insights into the regulatory change literature by investigating how firm characteristics (abnormal audit fees, political connection and overlapping directorship) moderate the effect of regulatory changes particularly in Nigeria, one of the less developed and underresearched capital markets in the world. Further, the findings of this study are robust with respect to the issues of unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity, which previous studies had failed to consider.

Prospective and territorial development in island areas: empirical evidence from Bocachica-Colombia

Abstract: ARTICLE INFO Jorge Del Rio Cortina, Carlos Rodríguez Arias, Naomi López Espitia and Diego Cardona Arbeláez (2019). Prospective and territorial development in island areas: empirical evidence from Bocachica-Colombia. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 17(4), 176-189. doi:10.21511/ppm.17(4).2019.15 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(4).2019.15 RELEASED ON Thursday, 05 December 2019 RECEIVED ON Tuesday, 09 July 2019 ACCEPTED ON Tuesday, 19 November 2019

Industrial Revolutions and their impact on managerial practice: Learning from the past

Abstract: Technological changes that come with industrial revolution have largely affected businesses, as well as society. With the current technological shift and Fourth Industrial Revolution, many questions arise regarding the impacts and effects on current ways businesses operate. This study presents a retrospective analysis and overview of previous industrial revolutions. The aim of the retrospective analysis is to identify common characteristics that may lead to lessons learned for the forthcoming Fourth Industrial Revolution and thus complement the current debate on technological change. All previous industrial revolutions have led to change in business environments and new challenges for managers and owners. The findings show that all previous revolutions have led to increase in the number of service jobs created. The key approach of successful countries during the times of industrial revolution has included education as the source of new skills and knowledge necessary for adaption. Countries that were able to produce high skilled people could not only invent, but also adapt to new technologies sooner than others. Similarly, these approaches included introduction of new managerial practices in order to be able to utilize new technologies and new skilled workers effectively. The research article processes secondary data together with literature review on this topic.