Showing papers in "Process Biochemistry in 2004"

TL;DR: Cyclodextrins are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides composed of α-(1,4) linked glucopyranose subunits.

TL;DR: A continuous fixed bed study was carried out by using Mowital®B30H resin immobilized dried activated sludge as a biosorbent for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution.

TL;DR: In this article, the ability of chitosan, derived from deacetylated crab shell chitin, to remove acid dyes from effluent solution by adsorption has been studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process for ethanol production from various lignocellulosic woody (poplar and eucalyptus) and herbaceous ( Sorghum sp. bagasse, wheat straw and Brassica carinata residue) materials has been assayed using the thermotolerant yeast strain Kluyveromyces marxianus CECT 10875.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of biological materials for effective removal and recovery of heavy metals from contaminated wastewaters has emerged as a potential alternative method to conventional treatment techniques, which can provide a large contact interface, which would interact with metals from the surrounding environment.

TL;DR: In this paper, a membraneless microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) with the internal resistance of 3.9 MΩ was used to enrich a microbial consortium oxidizing electron donors with concomitant current generation.

TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption of copper(II) ions on to dehydrated wheat bran (DWB), a byproduct of the flour process, was investigated as a function of initial pH, temperature, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dosage.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of pH, DO levels and temperature on ammonia oxidation rate and nitrite accumulation was investigated in order to determine the optimal conditions for partial nitrification of synthetic wastewater with high ammonium concentration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus strain 32 is an excellent producer of the industrially important enzyme laccase, which was the only ligninolytic activity detected in the supernatant when the fungus was grown in liquid culture with or without shaking.

TL;DR: The phenyl propanoid pathway was stimulated in mung bean sprouts through the pentose phosphate and shikimate pathways, by natural elicitors such as fish protein hydrolysates (FPH), lactoferrin (LF) and oregano extract (OE), which significantly improved the phenolic, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of mungbean sprouts.

TL;DR: In this article, a simple screening experiment was followed by application of complex response surface design for further optimization, and a steep, stretched out response surface showed direct relation between the level of protease production and casamino acid and starch concentration in the medium.

TL;DR: Solutions of sucrose, trehalose, skim milk, sucrose+skim milk, Trehalose+sucrose or sucrose +trehalose + skim milk were used as protective media for Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. Salivarius (UCC 500) in freeze-drying and the ability of these materials to stabilize the bacteria during subsequent storage was determined as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of influent COD/N ratio on biological nitrogen removal from high-strength ammonium industrial wastewater was investigated in a modified Ludzack-Ettinger pilot-plant configuration for 365 days.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential use of blank alginate beads, free (non-immobilized) live and dead and immobilized dead algal cells for the removal of nickelions from aqueous solutions was investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, a 24 full-factorial central composite design (CCD) was chosen to explain the combined effects of the four medium constituents, viz. sucrose, glucose, yeast extract (YE) and peptone, and designed a minimum number of experiments.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of granular inoculum prevented acidification during the anaerobic batch biodegradation of a kitchen waste for waste/inoculum ratios in the range of 0.5-2.3.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) in the thermophilic (55°C) process with those under psychrophilic (20 ÂC) and mesophilic(35 Ã −C) conditions in a tubular anaerodynamic digesters on a laboratory scale was compared.

TL;DR: For the substrate mixtures, a sum kinetics model was used and the interaction parameters were determined, and these models provided an excellent prediction of the growth kinetics and the interactions between these substrates.

TL;DR: In this paper, the optimal levels of physical parameters and key media components namely temperature, pH, agitation, inoculum size, corn steep liquor (CSL), xylose, yeast extract and KH 2 PO 4 were determined.

TL;DR: Electron microscopic examination suggested that the cells were likely inactivated during the EC process by the chemical products with an oxidising power similar to that of hydroxyl radicals and much stronger than that of chlorine, which supports the hypothesis that the predominant killing action of EC disinfection is provided by high-energy intermediate EC products.

TL;DR: Treatment of mono-azo dye, tectilon yellow 2G, by Chlorella vulgaris was investigated, showing that the peak observed initially at 450 nm disappeared and the one at 220 nm decreased remarkably while there was a new peak formation at 350 nm, indicating the conversion of TY2G to an end product which was further confirmed as aniline by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of hydraulic selection pressure on the development of aerobic granules was studied in four column-type sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), and the characteristics of the granules in terms of settling ability, hydrophobicity, polysaccharide and protein content as well as specific oxygen utilization rate were examined.

TL;DR: Leachate recirculation reduced the waste stabilization time and was effective in enhancing methane gas production and improving leachate, but was not effective in removing ammonia from the leachates.

TL;DR: In this article, the kinetics of cadmium sorption on tree fern has been investigated based on the assumption of a pseudo-second order rate law, and the batch sorption model has been applied to predict the rate constant of sorption and the equilibrium capacity with the effect of initial Cadmium concentration.

TL;DR: The prospect after the application of filamentous fungal strains in protecting the environment from phenol pollution is demonstrated, suggesting that catechol was oxidized by the ortho type of ring fission.

TL;DR: Tests were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of collagen peptides in the hydrolysate of sea bream scales on the activity of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE, EC3.4.15.1), and four peptides that demonstrated high ACE inhibitory activities were isolated using chromatographic methods.

TL;DR: In this paper, different methods of detoxification were investigated for overcoming the toxicity problem in ethanol fermentation of steam-exploded (SE) poplar wood, and the adopted severity parameter for biomass pretreatment was log R 0 = 4.13.

TL;DR: Results indicated that supplementation of glucose and nitrate in the culture medium could be effectively manipulated to enhance astaxanthin production by C. zofingiensis in mixotrophic culture.

TL;DR: A model has been proposed in which the proline-linked pentose phosphate pathway is critical for modulating protective antioxidant response pathways in diverse biological systems, including humans, and provides a mechanism for understanding the mode of action of phenolic phytochemicals in modulating antioxidant pathways in relation to human health.

TL;DR: In this article, a predictive model of the combined effects of independent variables (pH, temperature, inoculum volume) for extracellular protease production from a newly isolated Pseudomonas sp.