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Showing papers in "Progress in Energy and Combustion Science in 1998"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the status of fat and oil derived diesel fuels with respect to fuel properties, engine performance, and emissions is reviewed, and it is concluded that the price of the feedstock fat or oil is the major factor determining biodiesel price.

1,869 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of the history of flame aerosol technology and current state of knowledge on the role of flame process variables (additives, mixing etc.) on the characteristics of product powders is summarized in a tutorial fashion.

830 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive review for those who are interested in using optical diagnostics for in-cylinder soot and combustion temperature measurement in diesel engines, including laser induced incandescence (LII) and light scattering.

435 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of high-energy materials is presented under several headings (thermally stable, heat-resistant, high performance, meltcastable, insensitive, energetic binders, and synthesized using N 2 O 5 ) and critically examines them from the point of view of stability, reliability, safety and specific application.

318 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of reburning technologies, measurements and mechanisms is presented in this article, where the authors also discuss predictive methods for rebURNing and their application to a comprehensive combustion model.

271 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Theoretical and experimental studies dealing with spray ignition phenomena are reviewed in this article, where the authors provide a common link between the three dominant ignition modes in sprays, namely individual droplet ignition, droplet cluster ignition, and spray ignition.

246 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental processes governing gas-phase combustion synthesis of particles are summarized and compared for different growth regimes, including homogeneous nucleation, agglomeration, and coalescence.

214 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on processes in large circulating fluidized bed combustors, and especially on mixing between fuel and air, which is important for combustion but also for sulphur capture through the formation of reducing zones.

195 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review and discuss the current status of the applications of these optical techniques for in-cylinder mixture formation studies and provide appropriate references to the technical literature, which will be of further assistance to readers interested in particular application of each technique.

149 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the combustion of coal and municipal solid waste (MSW) in terms of fuel characteristics, combustion technology, emissions, and ash utilization/disposal.

148 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A summary of the state of the art of turbulent gas-solid flow modeling and its application to circulating fluidized bed combustion chambers can be found in this paper, where boundary conditions for the set of equations describing isothermal non-reacting turbulent gasparticle flows applied to fluidization are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
Rajender Gupta1, Terry Wall1, I. Kajigaya, S. Miyamae, Y. Tsumita 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) data to predict the fouling and slagging characteristics of several coal coals and compared the theoretical speculations on the physical character of ash derived from these indices with the experimental data obtained from combustion of coals in a drop-tube furnace.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The fast-response flame ionization detector has become a widely used instrument for time-resolved hydrocarbon measurement in internal combustion engines as mentioned in this paper, and the characteristics of and working experience with the instrument are reviewed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the shrinkage and electrical conductivity of coal ash were examined with laboratory ash prepared at about 800°C in crucibles, as well as combustion ash sampled from power stations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an in-depth characterisation was made of three U.K. bituminous coals and combustion products from these coals when burned at a power station and on a range of experimental combustion facilities.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the inlet flow in an internal combustion engine around the valve gap is analyzed on the basis of data available in the literature as well as on experimental data obtained under steady and unsteady flow conditions with a moving piston at fixed valve lifts.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Controlled Profile Reactor (CPR) is a small scale (0.2-0.4 MW) combustion facility that has been used to obtain data for model validation, the testing of new combustion concepts, and the development of combustion instrumentation as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present data from ongoing measurements of the significance of ash and gas composition, deposit temperature, and time on the rates of strength development in simulated low-temperature ash deposits.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present combustion pilot-plant test results obtained using newly developed ash deposition probes (ADPs) designed to measure both the thermal and mechanical properties of furnace ash deposits.