Showing papers in "Progress in Energy and Combustion Science in 2000"

TL;DR: In this paper, a general scheme of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) formation and sequential growth of PAH by reactions with stable and radical species, including single-ring aromatics, other PAH and acetylene, is discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, various issues related to the combustion of agricultural residues are discussed, such as densification, combustion mechanisms, problems of low melting point of ash such as agglomeration and fouling, emissions and co-combustion.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential corrosion problems associated with burning biomass fuels either alone or in blends with coal, for electricity production are discussed, and the most severe corrosion problems in biomass-fired systems are expected to occur due to Cl-rich deposits formed on superheater tubes.

TL;DR: A review of modeling of NOX reactions in combustion systems, with an emphasis on coal-fired systems, including current NO X control technologies, NO X reaction processes, and techniques to calculate chemical kinetics in turbulent flames are reviewed in this article.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of stretch on the flame structure, and by allowing for mixture nonequidiffusion, the flame responses, especially the flame speed, can be quantitatively as well as qualitatively modified.

TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive literature review conducted within Edinburgh University's Fire Safety Engineering Group and sponsored by the UK Home Office Fire Research and Development Group was conducted to establish the current state-of-the-art regarding the use of water sprays for the suppression and extinguishment of typical (Class ‘A) compartment fires and to identify where gaps exist in the current knowledge.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent advances in computational approaches for two-phase flow motion of solid particles, liquid particles, and gas bubbles is reviewed in the context of engineering calculations.

TL;DR: A critical review of recent investigations in the realm of supercritical (and subcritical) fluid behavior is presented with the goal of obtaining a perspective on the peculiarities of high pressure observations as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: A review of flame/vortex interactions with flames can be found in this article, where progress in theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigations on flame/Vortex interactions is reviewed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the state of the art in coal-firing power generation and their potential for application in the near future, and the key role of combustion science and technology as a guide in their continuing development highlighted.

TL;DR: Linear and nonlinear analyses of the instabilities and distortion of liquid streams injected into a gaseous media are discussed in this paper, where various fundamental mechanisms and the predictive capabilities for the distortions are emphasized.

TL;DR: There has been a considerable amount of progress in studying flamelets, their structures and their responses to various perturbations as mentioned in this paper, however, the focus is narrower, namely on quasisteady flamelets and therefore the considerations of flamelet extinction that are presented in this paper are not the dynamics of extinction.

TL;DR: In this paper, an expanded mechanism of metal combustion is described that emphasizes reactions and phase changes occurring within the burning metal in addition to those occurring on and above the metal surface, and some concepts aimed at designing improved metal-based high energy density materials and controlling metals flammability are briefly addressed.

TL;DR: Issues of current interest in turbulent flame structure and computational prediction are outlined and forecasts are made for approaches that are likely to lead to significant advances.

TL;DR: The contribution of nitrogen present in the char on the production of nitrogen oxides during char combustion was analyzed in this article, focusing on the functionalities in which nitrogen is present in coal and how they evolve during coal devolatilization, the mechanism of nitrogen release from the char to the homogeneous phase and its further oxidation to NO, and reduction of NO on the surface of the char.

TL;DR: In this article, the major theoretical accomplishments in droplets and sprays in the twentieth century are reviewed, with emphasis focused upon the evolution of scientific concepts, paradigms and methodologies.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the process of detonation initiation within the scope of the spontaneous flame concept, originally proposed by Zel'dovich, and present two extreme points of view on the problem under consideration: the recognition of the problem from the standpoint of mathematical proof of the appropriate solutions of chemical gas dynamics; and the phenomenological recognition of some combustion processes that cannot be adequately explained within the framework of the laminar flame theory or the classical theory of explosion.

TL;DR: Orimulsion, a bitumen-in-water emulsified fuel produced in Venezuela, has shown increased use throughout the world as a replacement for heavy fuel oil and, more frequently during the past several years, coal.

TL;DR: In this article, a rational approach to dynamic features of closed combustion systems is presented, based on the principles of thermostatics and kinetics, supported by heat transfer, for the determination of the dynamic properties of the exothermic process, in terms of the history of fuel consumption, from a measured pressure profile.