Progress in Neurobiology 

TL;DR: The present review focuses on the organisation of descending pathways and their pathophysiological significance, the role of individual transmitters and specific receptor types in the modulation and expression of mechanisms of descending inhibition and facilitation and the advantages and limitations of established and innovative analgesic strategies which act by manipulation of descending controls.

TL;DR: The hypothesis states that the basal ganglia do not generate movements, and when voluntary movement is generated by cerebral cortical and cerebellar mechanisms, the basal Ganglia act broadly to inhibit competing motor mechanisms that would otherwise interfere with the desired movement.

TL;DR: It has been proposed that the nucleus accumbens is a key component of this neural interface since it receives inputs from limbic forebrain structures, either directly or indirectly via the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, and sends signals to the motor system via the globus pallidus.

TL;DR: This work reviews the neuroanatomical and neuropsychological literature on the human orbitofrontal cortex, and proposes two distinct trends of neural activity based on a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies, including a mediolateral and posterior-anterior distinction.

TL;DR: A global account of mechanisms involved in the induction of pain is provided, including neuronal pathways for the transmission of nociceptive information from peripheral nerve terminals to the dorsal horn, and therefrom to higher centres.