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Showing papers in "Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics in 2009"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review recent mechanical experiments that test some of the most basic principles of physics including the weak and strong forms of the Equivalence Principle, the gravitational inverse-square law, and Lorentz invariance.

492 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the current understanding of strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) is presented, especially theoretical progress in explaining the RHIC data by hydrodynamics, describing lattice data using electric-magnetic duality; and understanding of gauge-string duality known as AdS/CFT and its application for ''conformal" plasma.

343 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The High Intensity γ -ray Source (HI γ S) is a joint project between the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) and the Duke Free Electron Laser Laboratory (DFELL) as discussed by the authors.

318 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review summarizes recent developments in the understanding of high-energy cosmic rays focusing on galactic and presumably extragalactic particles in the energy range from the knee (1015 eV ) up to the highest energies observed ( > 10 20 eV).

300 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the recent literature on lattice simulations for few-and many-body systems and focus on methods that combine the framework of effective field theory with computational lattice methods.

258 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the development and current status of nuclear shell-model calculations can be found in this paper, where the two-body effective interaction between the valence nucleons is derived from the free nucleon-nucleon potential.

147 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey of elastic scattering of exotic nuclei from 6He to 17F can be found in this article, where the authors present a set of definitions that allow different analyses to be put into a common language and a calculational approach that yields consistent results across different beams and targets so that conclusions concerning the influence of virtual and real breakup as well as transfer couplings on the elastic scattering may be drawn.

143 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the experimental status of glueballs can be found in this paper, where theoretical expectations of phenomenological models and QCD on the lattice are discussed and the experimental evidence for tensor and tensor glueballs is weak at best.

138 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of various properties of quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in the Interacting Boson Model (IBM) of nuclear structure is presented, and the most important fields of the present interest are the coexistence of first and second-order phase transitions supports studies related to the microscopic origin of the QPT phenomena.

128 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of the present knowledge of the nucleon spin structure and give an outlook on future experiments, focusing in particular on the spin structure functions g 1 and g 2 of the nucleus and their moments.

124 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the EoS constraint on symmetric matter at supra-saturation densities has been derived from energetic collisions of heavy ions, where the collisions of neutron-deficient and neutron-rich heavy ions have been used to provide initial constraints.

Journal ArticleDOI
R. F. Casten1
TL;DR: In this article, the evolution of collectivity in atomic nuclei is discussed, with particular focus on the rapidly developing field of quantum phase transitions in the nuclear shape, and on trajectories of structural evolution in the N/Z plane.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of light hypernuclei with strangeness S = −1 and −2 is investigated with the microscopic cluster model and the Gaussian expansion method (GEM).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of selected recent experimental results on fission times is presented, including evidence for over-damped motion up to saddle point during the fission process of highly excited nuclei through fission probability, pre-scission multiplicity and direct time measurements.

Journal ArticleDOI
H. G. Moser1
TL;DR: In this article, the basic properties of silicon sensors and related readout electronics are described, which are the building blocks of detectors for tracking and scintillator readout, and some new developments are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A summary of the latest measurements and studies of top-quark properties can be found in this article, which gives prospects for future measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of deriving the Israel-Stewart equations of relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics from kinetic theory via Grad's 14-moment expansion are presented in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the elliptic flow of neutrons, protons and light complex particles in reactions of neutron-rich systems at relativistic energies is proposed as an observable, sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the sensitivity of the chiral transition as well as the existence of a critical end point in the phase diagram on the value of the sigma mass is explored.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the dependence of anisotropies in momentum space on both the finite shear viscosity η and the freeze-out (f.o.) dynamics at the RHIC energy of 200 GeV and show that the breaking of the v 2 (p T ) / ϵ x scaling is not coming mainly from the finite η / s but from the f.o. scheme.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Aguilar-Athanassopoulos et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that the LSND data sets are compatible with neutrino oscillations occurring either in a band from 0.2 to 1 eV 2 or in a region around 7eV 2.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment will be one of the major scientific activities at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Taylor expansion coefficients in the vicinity of the chiral phase transition were discussed and the determination of the anticipated chiral critical point within the framework of Taylor expansions of the QCD partition function was discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a summary of a lecture delivered at the 30th Erice School in Nuclear Physics provides an elementary introduction to shear viscosity as it is applied to heavy ion collisions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of present experimental investigation of superheavy elements is given, using cold fusion reactions which are based on lead and bismuth targets, relatively neutron deficient isotopes of the elements from 107 to 113 were synthesized at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany, and/or at RIKEN in Wako, Japan.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a selection of new reaction observables in dissipative collisions particularly sensitive to the symmetry term of the nuclear Equation of State (Iso-EoS) was presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) as discussed by the authors is co-located to the GSI facility in Darmstadt, Germany, with a total investment of about 1 billion euro, which will enable new physics programs in the areas of low and medium energy antiproton research, heavy ion physics complementary to LHC, as well as in nuclear structure and astrophysics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a gas-filled recoil separator has been used for collecting evaporation residues of the reactions separating them from high intensity beam particles at RIKEN (the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) in Japan.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a possible source of the excess radiation is discussed paving a way to a solution of the DLS puzzle, and results of a first round of HADES experiments are reported.

Journal ArticleDOI
Maurizio Pierini1
TL;DR: In this article, the status of the search for new physics with flavor-related observables is discussed, including the status and performance of the unitarity triangle analysis beyond the standard model, and the perspectives of the next generation of flavor-physics experiments, the precision they can reach and their phenomenological impact.