Showing papers in "Psychoneuroendocrinology in 2010"

TL;DR: The findings underscore the need to provide opportunities for paternal care to trigger the biological basis of fatherhood and suggest that interventions that permit social engagement may be recommended in conditions of diminished maternal-infant contact, such as prematurity or postpartum depression.

TL;DR: Group analysis revealed that the blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal was enhanced in the left amygdala, the fusiform gyrus and the superior temporal gyrus in response to fearful faces and in the inferior frontal gyrus following OXT treatment, independent of fixation pattern to specific sections of the facial stimuli.

TL;DR: This is the first prospective study to show that a specific temporal pattern of pregnancy anxiety is related to specific changes in brain morphology, and altered gray matter volume in brain regions affected by prenatal maternal anxiety may render the developing individual more vulnerable to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders as well as cognitive and intellectual impairment.

TL;DR: The data support the assumption that females and males rely on divergent processing strategies when solving emotional tasks: while females seem to recruit more emotion and self-related regions, males activate more cortical, rather cognitive-related areas.

TL;DR: The CAR is a significant prospective risk factor for the development of MDD in young adults, providing some support for the possibility that a heightened CAR may play a role in the etiology of major depressive disorder.

TL;DR: It is shown how exposure to stress and activation of the HPA axis are associated with decreased activity in major portions of the limbic system, a result that allows to speculate on the effects of stress on cognitive and emotional regulation in the brain.

TL;DR: Based on the available studies there is not firm evidence for a difference of salivary cortisol in depressed patients and control persons and salivARY cortisol is unable to discriminate between persons with and without depression.

TL;DR: It is concluded that hair analysis for cortisol content may be a valid method to detect differences in cumulative cortisol exposure between chronically stressed individuals and healthy controls.

TL;DR: Investigating and revealing three different time courses of association between loneliness and HPA axis activity in young adults: trait, daily and momentary revealed that trait loneliness was associated with a flattening of the diurnal cortisol rhythm.

TL;DR: In the oxytocin condition fathers were more stimulating of their child's exploration than in the placebo condition, and they tended to show less hostility.

TL;DR: Results show that testosterone rapidly reduced functional coupling of the amygdala with the orbitofrontal cortex, and enhanced amygdala coupling with the thalamus, which suggests that testosterone may reduce the regulatory control over the amygdala, or that testosterone shifts amygdala output away from the orbit ofrontal cortex towards theThalamus.

TL;DR: Data confirm and extend prior evidence implicating oxytocin and vasopressin in couples' positive and negative communication behaviors, and provide further evidence of their role in an important health outcome, wound healing.

TL;DR: This study finds an association between salivary cortisol and race/ethnicity and SES in a multi-ethnic study population and further work is needed to determine the health consequences of these differences.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the pathomechanism of MDD is similar but nevertheless distinct from that of abuse victims, explaining the clinical similarity of both conditions and that susceptibility to depression may be either predisposed by early trauma or developed independent of such a condition.

TL;DR: The results show that the CAR of children with ASD is sensitive to the presence of service Dogs, which lends support to the potential behavioral benefits of service dogs for children with autism.

TL;DR: It is shown that moderate psychological stress influences menstrual cycle effects on activity in the emotion regulation circuitry, and potential insights into how fluctuations in allopregnanolone that naturally occur during the menstrual cycle may change stress vulnerability are provided.

TL;DR: This study suggests that the equilibrium of the ANS is differentially adapted according to the disease, which is conjugated with positive affective and cognitive adjustment in IBD but not in IBS.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that many psychological stressors do not provoke a cortisol reaction, but in response to physical stressors, the infant HPA-axis mostly reacts with a moderate increase in post-stressor cortisol.

TL;DR: In vivo support for non-genomic steroid effects in mammals is provided and it is suggested that AEA is a mediator of these effects.

TL;DR: Behaviour deficits and gene expression changes induced by early life stress were ameliorated by HFD, highlighting the important place of palatable food in reducing central stress responses supporting the therapeutic value of 'comfort food'.

TL;DR: Results show that stress induced by the socially evaluated cold pressor test can make behavior habitual without affecting processes involved in learning, and abolished sensitivity of performance to outcome devaluation.

TL;DR: Maternal childhood abuse was associated with HPA axis function in both the mother and the infant during the postpartum period andComorbid maternal PTSD, current maternal depressive symptoms, and recent life stressors were significant moderators of maternal cortisol change.

TL;DR: The present study results suggest that the biological stress response of middle-aged men and women who experienced depressed and anxious feelings does not completely correspond with how stressed they feel at that moment.

TL;DR: Separation from parents during childhood may alter an individual's stress physiology much later in adult life.

TL;DR: Preliminary evidence is provided that the TSST-M is a useful laboratory procedure to induce significant cortisol responses in children and it suggests comparable responses in cortisol and self-reported affect in young adults and children.

TL;DR: If these results can be replicated with larger samples, VR technology may be used as a simple and standardized tool for social stress induction in experimental settings.

TL;DR: It is suggested that acute exercise ameliorates reduced BDNF concentrations in panic disorder patients and the question is raised whether this is also found after long-term exercise training and if it is related to the therapeutic outcome.

TL;DR: Results are a first step linking OT to the modulation of EEG rhythms in humans, suggesting that OT may have a role in allocating cortical resources to social tasks partly mediated by mirror neuron activity.

TL;DR: In summary, voluntary exercise alone or in combination with HFD produced beneficial effects on both behaviour and metabolic outcomes in rats exposed to early life stress.

TL;DR: Current findings support the idea that biological stress sensitivity increases during adolescence, at least in response to a social-evaluative situation, and the importance of measuring anticipation.