Showing papers in "Rae-revista De Administracao De Empresas in 2000"
Journal Article•
308 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an organized framework of definitions and applications for the concept of business process, which is not new and has its origins in the industrial engineering tradition and in the studies on sociotechnical systems.
Abstract: The idea of process has been present in most texts and discussions on business and management in the last years. It is almost impossible to avoid subjects like process re-design, process-centered organizations and process management. This idea, however, is not new and has its origins in the industrial engineering tradition and in the studies on sociotechnical systems. Although very common, the concept of process has not a unique interpretation, and the variety of meanings that can be found has generated many misunderstandings. This article intends to facilitate the comprehension of the subject, offering an organized framework of definitions and applications for the concept of business process.
251 citations
TL;DR: The authors analyzes the convergence between business strategy and organizational theory by making a detailed comparative study of four theories focusing competitive advantage phenomena, including the strategic positioning school, the resource-based view, the market processes and the dynamic competencies theory.
Abstract: This article analyzes the convergence between business strategy and organizational theory, by making a detailed comparative study of four theories focusing competitive advantage phenomena. These theories include the strategic positioning school, the resource-based view, the market processes and the dynamic competencies theory. We conclude the convergence between organizational theory and business strategy is a promising research opportunity for both disciplines.
251 citations
204 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results achieved in a research among leading Brazilian firms on the management of cultural diversity and its management, and the points that emerge as a conclusion can be generalized for other countries.
Abstract: Despite the extremely diversified cultural context in which Brazilian enterprises operate, the issue of cultural diversity is new in their agenda. The emergence of this theme is much more related to the need to create competitive advantages by developing diversified competencies, usually following policies which are established by the headquarters of local subsidiaries, instead of attending to legal procedures, as in the USA and Canada. Departing from a conceptual elaboration about cultural diversity and its management, this article presents the results achieved in a research among leading Brazilian firms. The points that emerge as a conclusion can be generalized for other countries.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze some changes happened in the social-organizational environment and the answers given them by big businesses, mainly ones related to a specific imaginary created in order to legitimate them as a central social actor.
Abstract: This article analyzes some changes happened in the social-organizational environment and the answers given them by big businesses, mainly ones related to a specific imaginary created in order to legitimate them as a central social actor.
93 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, industrial companies that look for a competitive advantage or to even survive and to adjust to a turbulent and unforeseeable business environment realize that they need to increasingly strike new attitudes related to environmental problems.
Abstract: Industrial companies that look for a competitive advantage or to even survive and to adjust to a turbulent and unforeseeable business environment realize that they need to increasingly strike new attitudes related to environmental problems. These new attitudes include a continuous changing process on the manner to manage their business in the organizations. Thus, some industrial companies are developing new ways to deal with the environmental problems through auto-regulation mechanisms or proactive environmental management.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a certo nóme-ro de diretrizes desenvolvidas, demodo a atender as necessidades da formacao profissional, baseando-seem uma dOcada de experiçÕncia tan-to em pesquisa sobre empreendedo-rismo quanto na criacao e adminis-tracao de programas educacionaisvoltados for empreendingorismo epequenos negocios em niveis de for-
Abstract: INTRODU˙ˆOA necessidade de desenvolverprogramas, cursos e atividades detreinamento sobre empreendedoris-mo parece crescer a cada ano emdiversos paises. As questies fre-quentemente levantadas por quemdesenvolve esses programas sao:Qual O a diferenca entre gerencia-mento e empreendedorismo? O queum programa de formacao empre-endedora deveria conter? Quais cur-sos deveriam ser oferecidos? Comoesses cursos deveriam ser ministra-dos? Este artigo nao pretende res-ponder a todas as questies. O queele faz O apresentar um certo nœme-ro de diretrizes desenvolvidas, demodo a atender as necessidades daformacao profissional, baseando-seem uma dOcada de experiŒncia tan-to em pesquisa sobre empreendedo-rismo quanto na criacao e adminis-tracao de programas educacionaisvoltados para empreendedorismo epequenos negocios em niveis de for-macao e graduacao universitAEria.GERENCIAMENTO EEMPREENDEDORISMO:ALGUMAS DIFEREN˙ASTimmons (1978), Hornaday(1982), Brockhaus e Horwitz (1986)e Hisrich (1986) pesquisaram a lite-ratura sobre as caracteristicas comu-mente atribuidas aos empreendedo-res. Essas caracteristicas sao apre-sentadas no Quadro 1.Tais caracteristicas sao encon-tradas em auto-empregados, propri-etAErios de pequenos negocios e
59 citations
TL;DR: As marcas emergem progressivamente como uma dimensao central e um ativo estrategico na acao das organizacoes as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: As marcas emergem progressivamente como uma dimensao central e um ativo estrategico na acao das organizacoes. Neste sentido, a avaliacao do desempenho das marcas assume uma grande importância para a sua gestao. Adicionalmente, tornam-se necessarios o desenvolvimento e a articulacao de um vocabulario comum. Perante a multiplicidade de conceitos e modelos de avaliacao, sao contrastadas e sintetizadas as abordagens academicas e empresariais dominantes.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that ISO 14000 will not solve the complex problems of Brazilian environment and that its incorporation in business does not yet represent a paradigmatic change in the direction of sustainability, rather representing a change caused more by the changes in the world political economy than by a possible environmental consciousness.
Abstract: The text supports the argument that ISO 14000 will not solve the complex problems of Brazilian environment. It is postulated that its incorporation in business does not yet represent a paradigmatic change in the direction of sustainability, rather representing a change in the business culture caused more by the changes in the world political economy than by a possible environmental consciousness. In spite of the clean technology appearing to be the greatest contemporary competitive advantage in the actual scenario of governmental deregulation, its reach is still limited to its intrinsic dependence on the demand of a significant green market.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a project can be viewed as a set of real options, as defer the investment, expand or contract operational scale, abandon, temporarily or definitively, investments in subsequent projects, switching inputs and outputs.
Abstract: Option theory is the best approach to integrate finance and strategy. It quantifies growth options and management flexibility, that are the heart of business strategy. A project can be viewed as a set of real options, as defer the investment, expand or contract operational scale, abandon, temporarily or definitively, investments in subsequent projects, switching inputs and outputs. Real options can be precified in a way analogous to financial options.
TL;DR: Goncalves as discussed by the authors states the differences between traditional organizations and process organizations, and shows the main stages in which companies may be on their way towards process organizations and how to identify the particular stage a company currently is.
Abstract: This text, a sequel of a previously published article (Goncalves, 2000), states the differences between traditional organizations and process organizations. It shows the main stages in which companies may be on their way towards process organizations and how to identify the particular stage a company currently is. Besides, this article sets the advantages of managing by processes and presents objective arguments and criteria that can guide companies to make decisions about their organizational model.
TL;DR: In this article, a survey about utilization of cost systems by companies shows that it is not used in a generalized form and signs its better adequacy in specific situations, while its opponents, arguing that it does not lead always to better business decisions, question the ABC superior accuracy.
Abstract: In view of the modism in the analysis and implementation of ABC Cost System in companies, supported by international consulting organizations, the paper brings the controversy found in the specialized literature. Its opponents, arguing that it does not lead always to better business decisions, question the ABC superior accuracy, main assumption of its proponents. A survey about utilization of cost systems by companies shows it is not used in a generalized form and signs its better adequacy in specific situations.
TL;DR: The Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Sao Paulo, Public Management and Citizenship Program was set up in 1996 with Ford Foundation support to identify and disseminate Brazilian subnational government initiatives in service provision that have a direct effect on citizenship as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Sao Paulo, Public Management and Citizenship Program was set up in 1996 with Ford Foundation support to identify and disseminate Brazilian subnational government initiatives in service provision that have a direct effect on citizenship. Already, the program has 2,500 different experiences in its data bank, the results of four annual cycles. The article draws some initial conclusions about the possibilities of a rights-based approach to public management and about the engagement of other agencies and civil society organizations.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss quality management in six Brazilian agrifood chains: beverages (beer and soft drinks), biscuit, biscuits, meat, chocolate, processed tomato and dairy.
Abstract: This paper aims to discuss quality management in six Brazilian agrifood chains: beverages (beer and soft drinks), biscuit, meat, chocolate, processed tomato and dairy. This work is a multi-case exploratory study among 34 firms in those agrifood chains. In a general sense, the firms studied are very different in terms of quality management. The control of the products or raw material for inspection, with special attention to satisfy the governmental health rules, is the most common situation. However, there are strong evidences that this general situation is changing. Several firms are going to employ more advanced systems in quality management (total quality management and quality assurance system).
TL;DR: In this article, a broader perspective to comprehend the substantive, institutional, and political factors involved in the ERP phenomenon, as an alternative to the "techno-reductionism" that has characterized the prevailing approach on the subject, is presented.
Abstract: This article discusses the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) rage. ERP represents immense investments for companies around the globe and has been promoted as a management panacea. Not surprisingly, many implementations fail to match expectations. In this study, we propose a broader perspective to comprehend the substantive, institutional, and political factors involved in the ERP phenomenon, as an alternative to the “techno-reductionism” that has characterized the prevailing approach on the subject, and present an exploratory survey of 28 implementation experiences, concentrating on the process of adoption, chosen implementation approaches and outcome assessment.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the concept of governance and propose an analytical framework for the study of local governance in an international context and make recommendations on strategies to improve governance systems and government performance.
Abstract: Enormous change and innovation in governmental practices are occurring throughout the world. Local governance, in particular, has become a concern in many countries. Processes such as redemocratization and decentralization and imperatives of international lending agencies have focused attention on developing good governance practices. Improvement in local government remains a high priority in most countries, but unless the relationship between citizens and government is more fully developed the actions of local government will not necessarily lead to improvement in the conditions of people’s lives. T his paper will explore the concept of governance and propose an analytical framework for the study of local governance in an international context. The article concludes with recommendations on strategies to improve governance systems and government performance.
TL;DR: The concept of symbol intensive organizations as discussed by the authors is a new ideal type in organization studies, where symbolic leadership is predominant as managerial style; both leaders and led apply impression management techniques; managerial innovation is treated as a dramaturgical event; and symbolic analysts are prevalent within the work force.
Abstract: This essay introduces the concept of symbol intensive organization, a new ideal type in organization studies. Approaching the new millennium, organizations become “magical kingdoms”, where the “symbolic space” is filled with symbol manipulation and rhetoric. Symbol intensive organizations are environments where: a) symbolic leadership is predominant as managerial style; b) both leaders and led apply impression management techniques; c) managerial innovation is treated as a dramaturgical event; and d) symbolic analysts are prevalent within the work force. The emergence of symbol intensive organizations as a phenomenon can be associated to the “theatricalization” of contemporary human experience and to the consolidation of the “society of spectacle”.
TL;DR: A existencia of an indicador for avaliar o grau de eticidade de uma empresa, a partir de seu clima etico, foi o alvo deste estudo, pioneiro no Brasil as mentioned in this paper, e estimular os executivos a se preocuparem com a qualidade etica of sua organizacao, informando lhes e colocando a sua disposicao.
Abstract: Todo executivo se preocupa em conhecer a situacao de sua empresa em relacao ao mercado no que diz respeito a etica e, para isso, e preciso saber qual e o patamar etico das organizacoes brasileiras. A existencia de um indicador para avaliar o grau de eticidade de uma empresa, a partir de seu clima etico, foi o alvo deste estudo, pioneiro no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo e estimular os executivos a se preocuparem com a qualidade etica de sua organizacao, informando-lhes e colocando a sua disposicao um trabalho que vem sendo desenvolvido desde 1998 pelo Centro de Estudos de Etica nas Organizacoes (CENE)/EAESP/FGV em parceria com o Ethics Resource Center, em Washington, DC, EUA. Serao apresentados os indicadores quanto a sua construcao e aplicacao ao setor industrial brasileiro.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine how leisure and consumption got interwoven in Western History, by focusing some key moments of that process, in the context of formation of a consumer culture, and taking into consideration some of their impacts on social life and consumer behavior.
Abstract: The links between leisure and consumption are very easily perceptible in our society, at least some of them. Nevertheless, they have not always been theorized together in the Social Sciences. The purpose of this article is to examine how leisure and consumption got interwoven in Western History, by focusing some key moments of that process, in the context of formation of a consumer culture, and by taking into consideration some of their impacts on social life and consumer behavior. We also make some comments on the present configuration of the links between leisure and consumption and on some trends they present for the near future.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the electronic commerce in the Brazilian market and conclude that the e-commerce in Brazil is consolidated and shows clear signals of evolution, even though it can still be considered in an intermediary level of expansion.
Abstract: Brazilian organizations have widely been using the information and communication technologies to link their several areas, vendors and clients, to process a very large number of transactions and to attend to a quantity of clients on a fast, certain and, many times, personalized form. The enterprise environment, in the world level as well as in the national level, has passed through countless changes in the last years, which have been considered directly related to the information technologies. One of the most important aspects of this new context is the appearance of the digital environment, that made possible, in fact, the digital age business and the electronic commerce. This article analyzes this new environment and concludes that the electronic commerce in the Brazilian market is consolidated and shows clear signals of evolution, even though it can still be considered in an intermediary level of expansion. The analysis of this evolution, with already undertaken achievements, enables the identification of the search for the new business environment, made by communities of people and companies.
TL;DR: In this paper, a sistema teorico e pratico de suporte a tomada de decisao baseada na teoria da utilidade and da analise da decisão, with o objetivo of estimar a melhor alocacao de capital em uma bacia sedimentar, is presented.
Abstract: As recentes mudancas no setor petrolifero implicam um novo ambiente de exploracao de intensa competicao no Brasil. As tendencias de internacionalizacao da exploracao obrigam as empresas a adotarem tecnicas padronizadas de avaliacao e comparacao de prospectos visando a reducao do risco. Dentro dessa perspectiva, os individuos necessitam de um processo decisorio que contemple os objetivos da empresa, as metas desejadas e as restricoes orcamentarias. Este artigo descreve um sistema teorico e pratico de suporte a tomada de decisao baseada na teoria da utilidade e da analise da decisao, com o objetivo de estimar a melhor alocacao de capital em uma bacia sedimentar. Alem disso, esse sistema possibilita estimar o melhor nivel de participacao financeira de uma firma em um projeto de exploracao de petroleo realizado em parceria.
TL;DR: In this paper, an empiric analysis of the strategic changes that occurred in CBS Hospital in the last 20 years is developed, and the direct conditions (real environment, cognitive arena) of the sector are identified as perceived environment and the network of collaborators that support the hospital's activities is determined.
Abstract: The main purpose of this article is to verify how the process of strategic change happened in a hospital organization. An empiric analysis of the strategic changes that occurred in CBS Hospital in the last 20 years is developed. The direct conditions (real environment, cognitive arena) of the sector are identified as perceived environment and the network of collaborators that support the hospital's activities is determined.The period of major transformation was from 1991 to 1995, and the main changes were in the hospital culture, the doctors' and staff's work philosophy, the training way of the staff, the organizational structure, the process and the technology. It was perceived that the hospital dominant coalition is affected just by external influence due to some technologic changes and that, internally, the clinic body has control over the decision making process.
TL;DR: In this article, the interconnected roles of customer satisfaction, quality, and strategic planning are discussed and analyzed for creating a customer-driven organization and culture, and it is shown how quality starts and ends with the customer and that companies that are achieving longterm continuous improvement in quality tailored to customer satisfaction possess lasting characteristics such as customer orientation, customer consciousness, and customer responsiveness.
Abstract: By acknowledging and dissecting the interconnected roles of customer satisfaction, quality, and strategic planning, this paper provides an analytical framework for creating a customer-driven organization and culture. It shows how quality starts and ends with the customer. Companies that are achieving long-term continuous improvement in quality tailored to customer satisfaction possess lasting characteristics such as customer orientation, customer consciousness, and customer responsiveness. In doing so, they liberate the quality concept from the narrow product or service focus to encompass total conformance to customer requirements in spite of the existing functionalization and departmentalization of modern complex structures. In addition to these key components, a customer-driven organization demands building and nurturing a customer satisfaction culture and value system that makes quality improvement and heightened concern for customer satisfaction a permanent aspect of organizational life.
TL;DR: In this paper, the main contribution of this work to strategic administration in the organization is the composition of the emergent and the deliberated strategies aiming at flexibility in the short-term planning, but with consistence in the longterm planning.
Abstract: The article's objective is to present the main concepts of emergent and deliberated strategies in a wider concept of strategic marketing. The administration of these strategies is very important to the objectives of the firm.Thus, we applied the method of study of cases to provide the possibility for the understanding of the many dimensions of the problem.The main contribution of this work to strategic administration in the organization is the composition of the emergent and the deliberated strategies aiming at flexibility in the short-term planning, but with consistence in the long-term planning.
TL;DR: In this article, an empirical qualitative study, exploratory in nature, which seeks to empirically illustrate how certain factors (moderators -independent variables) under the organization's discretion can mediate the effects of layoffs, on the organization itself, on dismissed personnel and on survivors.
Abstract: This paper summarizes an empirical qualitative study, exploratory in nature, which seeks to empirically illustrate how certain factors (moderators – independent variables) under the organization’s discretion can mediate the effects (dependent variables) of layoffs, on the organization itself, on dismissed personnel and on survivors. The study’s method consisted of an in-depth comparative analysis of a 4-case panel, composed of firms that conducted major layoffs in Brazil in the last few years; the study included data gathered (through detailed interviews) from each firm’s management, union representatives, community leaders, dismissed personnel and survivors, as well as the structured comparison of such data across the cases in the panel.