Showing papers in "Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders in 2015"

TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis examined 74 studies that reported the receptive and expressive language performances of children and youth with ASD and found no evidence that an expressive advantage is common in ASD.

TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review was undertaken to synthesise published data about the effectiveness of CBT interventions for adults with ASD and psychiatric co-morbidity, concluding that CBT intervention was moderately effective treatments for comorbid anxiety and depression symptoms, albeit that sample sizes were small, participant characteristics varied widely, and psychometric properties of self-report outcome measurements used in the ASD population remain subject to some debate.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper examined self-esteem, social support, and life satisfaction in Chinese parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and observed the mediation effects of social support on the relationship between selfesteem and life-satisfaction.

TL;DR: It seems that early motor delay impacts the rate of development of expressive language, and this may be of particular importance to infants at increased risk of developing ASD.

TL;DR: Providing linkage to everyday behavior, parent ratings of daily living skills were lower among individuals with ASD and food neophobia than among those withoutFood selectivity continues to be an important issue for adolescents/young adults with ASD.

TL;DR: A strong relationship and significant correlations between eating problems and gastrointestinal dysfunction are suggested and further exploration of their relationship and etiology for the development of interventions are recommended.

TL;DR: Overall, it appears that rhythm-based interventions are socially engaging treatment tools to target core impairments in autism.

TL;DR: This article explored commonly-held assumptions regarding the risk of couple breakdown in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and found that strategies such as developing common goals, increasing partner respect, securing social support, reducing stress, and instilling hope are all factors which support the development and maintenance of positive couple and co-parenting relationships.

TL;DR: The use of CAM was very prevalent in this large, geographically diverse sample of children with ASD and it is critical that providers be prepared to discuss the advantages and potential side effects with families to help them make well-informed health care decisions and prevent possible CAM-drug interactions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effects of coping styles, social support, and child's behavioral symptoms on the well-being of 65 mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in Lebanon.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify factors that serve as predictors of intention to turnover and provide a bedrock for direct assessment of strategies to reduce turnover among behavior technicians (BTs) who implement behavioral interventions with individuals with autism.

TL;DR: The limited number of reports of improvements after treatment with the ketogenic diet is insufficient to attest to the practicability of the KD as a treatment for ASD, but it is still a good indicator that this diet is a promising therapeutic option for this disorder.

TL;DR: Patients with ADHD + ASD were associated with the greatest risk of having comorbid bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, disruptive behavior disorder, and tic disorder.

TL;DR: In this paper, non-invasive eye-tracking technology was used to quantify the amount of time spent looking at another person's face during face-to-face communication in children with ASD (n = 13, age 6 years) and age and IQ-matched neurotypical children (n= 27, 6 years).

TL;DR: This paper investigated the link between anxiety and aggression in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) using self-report measures of anxiety and anger and teacher ratings of behaviour, and found that social anxiety is a significant moderator of the relationship between autism and physical aggression.

TL;DR: The curvilinear association between social anxiety and reciprocity highlights the importance of examining nonlinear relations in individuals with HFA, and emphasizes that discrete profiles of social anxiety in individualswith HFA may necessitate different treatment options.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that demographic variables, GI symptoms, sleep problems, and challenging behavior should be considered during clinical practice as they may serve as important alerts for clinicians to consider assessing for anxiety disorders.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of social stories and video modeling on eye contact of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were evaluated and compared with a multiple baseline design across participants with embedded changing conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined sex differences in 5-9-year-old females and males with highfunctioning autism spectrum disorders within a narrow range of ages before adolescence in order to identify the noticeable autistic profile of females compared to males using the Japanese version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III).

TL;DR: The Autism Work Skills Questionnaire (AWSQ) consists of 78 items, divided into six domains; 5 domains focus on employment skills, the 6th relates to one's sensory needs within the work environment as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Results indicated high reliance on school-based treatments (e.g., speech and occupational therapies), though use of these types of treatments decreased with age, and stable proportion of the sample across ages endorsed biomedical treatments.

TL;DR: This article found that children with autism had significantly higher DMD scores than all other groups, even when the oppositional behavior score (excluding the two DMDD symptoms) was controlled.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated three prominent theories of cognitive processing (weak central coherence, executive dysfunction, and systemizing) to determine how they could define the cognitive patterns of performance in children with ASD.

TL;DR: In this paper, the associations between student-teacher relationship quality and externalizing behavior problems in school were examined among 166 children with ASD (82% boys, ages 4-7 years) across three assessments over a 1.5-year period.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors described the post-school circumstances and service needs of older teenagers and adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder living in Queensland, Australia, and found that the majority of the young people lived in the family home and were unemployed.

TL;DR: The failure of the categorical approach is revealed by several indices, including excessive comorbidity, the frequent use of Not Otherwise Specified categories and diagnostic uncertainty in borderline cases as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Results provide the first evidence for use of the ADOS for distinguishing youth who have ADHD alone versus ASD alone or co-occurring ASD+ADHD, as indexed by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.

TL;DR: The authors evaluated the effects of category listener training alone on the development of visual categorization and category Tacts with four children diagnosed with autism and found that both speaker and listener behavior may be required for the emergence of untrained categorisation and tacting following listener training.

TL;DR: Analysis of case-control pairs from Jamaica suggests a possible synergic effect of BMC and GSTP1 in ASD and since the analysis included a variety of genetic models and was not adjusted for multiple testing, replication in other populations is warranted.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of cognitive defusion exercises in the form of word repetition and exposure on problem behavior associated with repetitive and restrictive behaviors observed in children with autism spectrum disorder were investigated.