Showing papers in "Research in Social Stratification and Mobility in 2016"

TL;DR: The authors used three-level random effects linear regression models and decompose family-level variance of siblings' ISEI by each measure of parental status and found that the largest proportion of children's outcomes explained by these parental measures is shared and cannot be decomposed into independent effects.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare three theoretical models for the relationship between schooling and labor market outcomes and find that education is more likely to function as a positional good in countries with weakly developed vocational education systems, where individuals have an incentive to acquire higher levels of education to stay ahead of the labor queue.

TL;DR: In this article, a diverse pathways view offering a more comprehensive understanding of changing youth transitions and examines how transitions are shaped by interactions between structure and individual agency was introduced, pointing to the need of conceptualizing the role of the agent as well as that of structures and resources for a better understanding of the processes underlying the selection into different pathways.

TL;DR: The authors examined trends in the OED triangle in Britain on the basis of data from three successive birth cohort studies, and showed that when education is measured in relative terms, associations within the triangle show a greater stability over time.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied school-to-work-transition (STWT) patterns and early occupational attainment for five West German birth cohorts and found that the proportion of young people experiencing the ideal-typical transition patterns increased over the cohorts.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect of shadow education on math test scores by propensity to use shadow education among middle school seniors in Korea and found that shadow education significantly varies by the likelihood of using shadow education.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether students' anticipation of labour market discrimination motivates an ethnic compensation strategy in education, which translates into high educational expectations and, subsequently, high continuation rates to post-compulsory education.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether the comprehensiveness of education systems contributes to explain the transmission of educational advantage from parents to children, and found that the effect of parental education on a child's educational achievement is stronger in highly tracked education systems and in systems with a shorter annual instruction time.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined under which conditions high school students' college aspirations translate into (constrained) college intentions and found that distance from home is an especially strong constraint on college application intentions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed social origin effects on the decision to continue higher education or to leave with a bachelor's degree for a recent post-Bologna cohort and found that parents' education has a pronounced influence on the probability of their children's enrolment in the second cycle, comparable in size to the effect of parents education on children's initial tertiary enrolment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined trends of social inequalities in educational attainment in the second half of the twentieth century in Italy, comparing two approaches: the traditional approach uses years of education as a dependent variable and implicitly looks at the absolute/nominal value of education.

TL;DR: The authors assess recent sociological treatments of educational positionality, and offer some directions for future research, including job matching, educational expansion, and educational credentialism, and suggest some directions to future research.

TL;DR: This article used multinomial logistic regression and counterfactual simulation to investigate the factors that drive popular beliefs about wealth and poverty at the individual level, as well its distribution across countries, and found that unobserved country-level factors are the most powerful predictors and the only source of cross-country variation in the distribution of beliefs about the origins of inequality.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether the rising accessibility of educational qualifications attenuates the association between social origin and educational attainment and found that IEO tends to persist or decline when attainment is measured in absolute terms, but tends to increase when relative measures of qualifications or measures representing their economic value are employed.

TL;DR: This paper found that attractive individuals earn roughly 20 percent more than people of average attractiveness, but this gap is reduced when controlling for grooming, suggesting that the beauty premium can be actively cultivated.

TL;DR: This article investigated the extent to which the increased similarity in partners' employment participation and earnings can account for changes in income inequality and found that an increased similarity among partners does not augment inequality to a relevant degree, and that the inflow of women in employment contributed to reducing inequality among households rather than augmenting it.

TL;DR: In this paper, three models of measuring the value of educational attainment were proposed, and the changes in the effect of fathers' education on educational attainment during the course of educational expansion in post-war Japan were investigated.

TL;DR: This paper examined how within-couple inequalities act as predictors of transitions from full-time to part-time employment applying Heckman corrected probit models in three different institutional and cultural contexts; Eastern Germany, Western Germany and the United Kingdom.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the relationship between job vacancies and inter-firm upward, lateral, and downward status mobility in an occupationally segmented labor market, taking Switzerland as the example.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative utility of intra-and interethnic contacts was investigated for German first generation immigrants' relationships in terms of the ethnic composition of their friendships and family size.

TL;DR: Logistic regressions revealed that young adults in the most recent cohort were less likely to have completed schooling, fully entered the labor force, married, or become parents by their 30s than those in the older cohort.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine recent changes in educational inequality by social origin and race in Brazil and find that while younger cohorts enjoy more egalitarian educational opportunities relative to older cohorts, important bottlenecks linked to persistent inequalities based on both socio-economic status and race remain, particularly for the completion of secondary schooling.

TL;DR: While youth in different groups build social capital in largely the same way, differences exist by race and sex as to how family social capital affects academic achievement.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed patterns of school-to-work transition for four cohorts of Egyptian school leaver during the period from 1970-2012, using retrospective longitudinal data from the Egyptian Labor Market Panel Survey 2012.

TL;DR: The authors used data from two waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79 and NLSY97) to predict the number of hours students are working while enrolled in college in two time periods.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated educational attainment of Asian American and Hispanic young adults in the United States as a function of skin tone and other co-variates and found that the relationship is strongest among U.S. young adults of Filipino and Puerto Rican descent.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess whether tax data are suitable for the analysis of inequality trends by comparing tax data measurement concepts concerning income definition, statistical units and population coverage to theoretical-ideal concepts.

TL;DR: The authors analyzed long-term developments in parental cultural socialization effects for children's educational attainment and highlighted that the relevance of traditional parental cultural capital for children’s educational success in the Netherlands diminishes over time, while parental media involvement activities became more important.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used nationally-representative data from the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) to investigate the expenditure patterns of Hispanic consumer households, with a special focus on conspicuous consumption.