Showing papers in "Respiratory Medicine in 1991"

TL;DR: The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire is a standardized self-completed questionnaire for measuring impaired health and perceived well-being in airways disease and the background and rationale for its development are discussed together with an analysis of its performance.

TL;DR: It is concluded that obesity, even when mild, significantly impairs lung function.

TL;DR: The 'Living with Asthma Questionnaire' is an asthma-specific quality of life scale for assessing patients' own subjective experiences of asthma and there is no statistical evidence for independent, domain-specific subscales.

TL;DR: Some of the better-understood adhesion molecule families are reviewed and their better-known members are reviewed to determine if any advances made since their discovery could be applied to the treatment of allergic-based diseases.

TL;DR: Routine microbial investigation of all adults admitted to hospital with community-acquired pneumonia is unhelpful and probably unnecessary and a strategy for microbial investigation linked to initial illness severity is suggested to replace the current haphazard approach.

TL;DR: Screening tests of HPA function should be performed in all asthmatics taking greater than or equal to 1500 micrograms inhaled corticosteroid daily, unless function has been shown to be normal, and all patients taking these doses should carry steroid cards.

TL;DR: None of the 52 patients with airflow limitation tested after bronchodilator inhalation demonstrated significant reversibility, and all patients with obstruction had evidence of small airways narrowing, indicating airway narrowing in all stages of sarcoidosis.

TL;DR: HPA suppression was present in seven patients and one patient had a borderline result; close correlation was observed between the maximum cortisol during hypoglycaemia and both urine free cortisol and post-tetracosactrin cortisol.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that manual chest percussion is a useful adjunct to PD and FET in the treatment of patients with copious sputum production.

TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed to support the hypothesis that opioid receptors on vagal sensory nerves may mediate peripheral opioid-induced antitussive activity in cough reflexes.

TL;DR: In this study the 'stop smoking' advice of the physician was reinforced by advice/support from a research assistant (SB) and by nicotine (N) or placebo (P) chewing gum.

TL;DR: Neutrophil granule products and CRP reflect the pulmonary inflammatory state in cystic fibrosis and may be of value in monitoring treatment.

TL;DR: The use of inhaled capsaicin has proved a useful human model for the study of novel treatments of cough and can be modulated by using opiates and local anaesthetics and the increase in airways resistance by anticholinergic agents.

TL;DR: There is a need for education sufficient to permit the patient to adjust the treatment promptly, appropriately and safely-that is, to take the steps that would have been taken by the doctor if perpetually present.

TL;DR: Three patients with rheumatoid arthritis who presented with non-specific pulmonary symptoms, a restrictive defect in lung function and bilateral changes on chest radiograph showed characteristic features of cryptogenic organising pneumonitis and treatment with steroids produced significant improvement.

TL;DR: It is concluded that increasingly extensive pleural disease is associated with increasingly severe impairment of lung function and CT scanning demonstrates the type of AIPD better than plain chest radiography.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the findings of epithelioid granulomatosis in endobronchial biopsies may reflect a more intense and widespread inflammation in the lung.

TL;DR: The tonsillar microflora of 262 patients with recurrent acute tonsillitis studied in 1989-1990 is presented and H. influenzae was the single most common bacterium isolated from the centre of the tonsil (referred to as 'tonsil core'), and this was more prevalent in the 2-7-year-old age group.

TL;DR: Heart-lung transplantation involves denervation of the lungs below the tracheal anastomosis, with associated permanent loss of all pulmonary innervation except post-ganglionic efferent nerves, which implies that the RARs which mediate this cough mechanism lie in the central airways.

TL;DR: Although the regimen given, the total duration of treatment and treatment with or without pyrazinamide were not statistically associated with relapse, pyraz inamide containing regimens were associated with better compliance and some of the non-compliance leading to relapse was only uncovered by close Health Visitor surveillance and not by the physician supervising treatment, emphasizing the important role of field staff in patient follow-up.

TL;DR: It is concluded that mask CPAP provides an effective means of improving oxygenation in severely hypoxaemic patients with P. carinii pneumonia.

TL;DR: Specific areas of ignorance in patients with cystic fibrosis are identified, areas that need addressing in view of the improved survival associated with this disease.

TL;DR: The British Thoracic Association has recommended that close contacts of smear-positive cases of tuberculosis be followed up for at least 2 yrs but Selby et al. have recently suggested that a reduction in duration of follow up may be appropriate.

TL;DR: Standard portable oxygen assessments based on a series of 6-min walks are recommended and improvements of 10% in walking distance or VAS score from the oxygen to the air walk would lead to the patient being offered a portable oxygen cylinder.

TL;DR: A group of 2,065 gold miners surveyed between 1968 and 1970 was followed to 31 December 1986, at which date 859 were known to be dead, and mucus hypersecretion was not related to mortality from lung cancer when standardized for airways obstruction.

TL;DR: Based on recent data, the importance of the intrapulmonary airways to mediator/irritant-induced cough and reflex bronchoconstriction is emphasized and drugs inhibiting afferent neural activity arising in intrapur pulmonary airways would be a novel possibility in the treatment of cough and Reflex bronchconstriction.

TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study of community acquired lower respiratory tract infection in the elderly was carried out over a 15-month period, during which 127 consecutive admissions to two acute geriatric medical wards were studied.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates the incomplete reversal of clinical, haematological, radiological and physiological changes in tropical eosinophilia one month after starting a 3-week course of diethylcarbamazine.