Showing papers in "Review of Sociology in 2019"
TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines a selection of the literature on how physical space affects the spatial context of networks and spatial context, and examines the relation between networks and their spatial context.
Abstract: Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in the relation between networks and spatial context. This review examines critically a selection of the literature on how physical space affects the...
150 citations
TL;DR: In the past thirty years, the pace, purpose, and scope of quantitative calculation and quantification have been rapidly increasing as mentioned in this paper, which is closely linked to science, markets, and administration.
Abstract: Calculation and quantification have been critical features of modern societies, closely linked to science, markets, and administration. In the past thirty years, the pace, purpose, and scope of qua...
137 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that, in addition to serving similar purposes in sociology, machine learning tools can speak to long-standing questions on the limitations of the linear modeling framework, the criteria for evaluating empirical findings, transparency around the context of discovery, and the epistemological core of the discipline.
Abstract: Machine learning is a field at the intersection of statistics and computer science that uses algorithms to extract information and knowledge from data. Its applications increasingly find their way ...
113 citations
TL;DR: The relationship between social networks and health encompasses everything from the flow of pathogens and information to the diffusion of beliefs and behaviors as discussed by the authors, and a review addressing the vast and multifaceted relationship can be found in this paper.
Abstract: The relationship between social networks and health encompasses everything from the flow of pathogens and information to the diffusion of beliefs and behaviors. This review addresses the vast and m...
111 citations
TL;DR: The diversity induced by migration flows to Western societies has continued to generate scholarly attention, and a sizable new body of work on immigrant incorporation has been produced in the past few decades as mentioned in this paper, which can be found in
Abstract: The diversity induced by migration flows to Western societies has continued to generate scholarly attention, and a sizable new body of work on immigrant incorporation has been produced in the past ...
106 citations
TL;DR: The APC analysis has a long, controversial history in sociology and related fields as discussed by the authors, and despite the existence of hundreds, if not thousands, of articles and dozens of books, there is no consensus on APC.
Abstract: Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis has a long, controversial history in sociology and related fields. Despite the existence of hundreds, if not thousands, of articles and dozens of books, there is li...
92 citations
TL;DR: The police need public support and cooperation to be effective in controlling crime and holding offenders accountable in many disadvantaged communities of color, poor relationships between the police and the public have been identified as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The police need public support and cooperation to be effective in controlling crime and holding offenders accountable. In many disadvantaged communities of color, poor relationships between the pol...
86 citations
TL;DR: This paper reviewed research on inequality and social stratification in China since the mid-1990s, going beyond the theoretical framework of the market transition debate, research in the field has been broad and diverse.
Abstract: This article reviews research on inequality and social stratification in China since the mid-1990s. Going beyond the theoretical framework of the market transition debate, research in the field has...
70 citations
TL;DR: The authors proposes that most theories of poverty can be productively categorized into three broad broad categories: poverty, racism, and classifications of the causes of poverty, based on three broad categories.
Abstract: There has been a lack of debate between and frameworks for theories of the causes of poverty. This article proposes that most theories of poverty can be productively categorized into three broader ...
67 citations
TL;DR: A call for work that broadens the conceptualization and measurement of contemporary children's family systems and home environments as well as the mechanisms that explain why-or whether-instability matters is called for.
Abstract: Scholars have long looked to family composition to understand child well-being. The study of family instability, or the experience of repeated changes in parents’ union status during childhood, rep...
64 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for understanding the evolving relationships between technology, work, and family is developed, focusing primarily on the temporal, spatial, and relational boundaries between technologies and families.
Abstract: In this essay, we develop a framework for understanding the evolving relationships between technology, work, and family. We focus primarily on the temporal, spatial, and relational boundaries betwe...
TL;DR: The most important impacts of social movements are often cultural, but the sheer variety of potential cultural impacts, from shifts in public opinion to new portrayals of a group on television to th...
Abstract: The most important impacts of social movements are often cultural, but the sheer variety of potential cultural impacts—from shifts in public opinion to new portrayals of a group on television to th...
TL;DR: In the last three decades, many countries across the world, including the United States, have experienced major increases in support for LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) ind...
Abstract: Over the last three decades, many countries across the world, including the United States, have experienced major increases in support for LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) ind...
TL;DR: In the US, life expectancy has long been seen as an indicator of the quality of life as well as the health of a population as mentioned in this paper, and recent trends in US life expectancy show growing inequality in life expectancy for s...
Abstract: Life expectancy has long been seen as an indicator of the quality of life as well as the health of a population. Recent trends in US life expectancy show growing inequality in life expectancy for s...
TL;DR: This article reviewed research on the coevolution of educational expansion and educational inequality within China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan in the post-World War II period, and found that these societies ar...
Abstract: This article reviews research on the coevolution of educational expansion and educational inequality within China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan in the post–World War II period. These societies ar...
TL;DR: More than a quarter century of research has generated fruitful results and new insights into the understanding of the lived experiences of the new second generation, which broadly includes both immigrants and refugees as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: More than a quarter century of research has generated fruitful results and new insights into the understanding of the lived experiences of the new second generation, which broadly includes both nat...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors look at the current state of research on early childhood education and care from a sociological stance and summarize how children's experiences and benefits from participation in such programs can be improved.
Abstract: This review looks at the current state of research on early childhood education and care (ECEC) from a sociological stance. We summarize how children's experiences and benefits from participation i...
TL;DR: In this article, the adoption of exciting new technologies (e.g., smartphones, wearable Global Positioning System devices) to time use has seen several major developments in recent years.
Abstract: Research on time use has seen several major developments in recent years. These include the adoption of exciting new technologies (e.g., smartphones, wearable Global Positioning System devices) tha...
TL;DR: In this article, a review discusses the state of theory and research on how and under what conditions religion shapes various adolescent outcomes such as health, education, sexual behavior, and substance use.
Abstract: This review discusses the state of theory and research on how and under what conditions religion shapes various adolescent outcomes such as health, education, sexual behavior, and substance use. We...
TL;DR: The use of the terms "fascism" and "populism" has seen a resurgence in the use of these terms across multiple media as mentioned in this paper, which is a historically specific term.
Abstract: Political developments in the United States and Europe have generated a resurgence in the use of the terms fascism and populism across multiple media. Fascism is a historically specific term that B...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address issues of causation in three ways: morphological, variable-centered, and genetic approaches to causal investigation, which differ significantly from the approaches presented in this paper.
Abstract: Studies at the confluence of history and social science address issues of causation in three ways: morphological, variable-centered, and genetic. These approaches to causal investigation differ wit...
TL;DR: For over 50 years I have been, and remain, an interdisciplinary social scientist seeking to develop and apply social science to improve the well-being of human individuals and social life as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: For over 50 years I have been, and remain, an interdisciplinary social scientist seeking to develop and apply social science to improve the well-being of human individuals and social life. Sociolog...
TL;DR: It is proposed that the end of life is a uniquely contemporary life course stage and key components of end-of-life well-being are described and socioeconomic and race disparities therein are highlighted, drawing on fundamental cause theory.
Abstract: This review proposes that the end of life is a uniquely contemporary life course stage. Epidemiologic, technological, and cultural shifts over the past two centuries have created a context in which dying has shifted from a sudden and unexpected event to a protracted, anticipated transition following an incurable chronic illness. The emergence of an end-of-life stage lasting for months or even years has heightened public interest in enhancing patient well-being, autonomy, and the receipt of medical care that accords with patient and family members' wishes. We describe key components of end-of-life well-being and highlight socioeconomic and race disparities therein, drawing on fundamental cause theory. We describe two practices that are critical to end-of-life well-being (advance care planning and hospice) and identify limitations that may undermine their effectiveness. We conclude with recommendations for future sociological research that could inform practices to enhance patient and family well-being at the end of life.
TL;DR: In sociology, status has long been a core concept motivating sociology as a discipline as discussed by the authors, and status often takes the form of reputation, i.e. how is an individual t...
Abstract: Status has long been a core concept motivating sociology as a discipline. As related to the positioning and valuing of individuals, status often takes the form of reputation. How is an individual t...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors recognized the important role that intimate relationships play in young people's lives and recognized the relationship formation patterns and relationship trajectories and proposed a method to identify the most important relationships in young adults' lives.
Abstract: Sociological research has long recognized the important role that intimate relationships play in young people's lives. In recent decades, relationship formation patterns and relationship trajectori...
TL;DR: This review provides an overview of the key ideas and terminology of Bayesian statistics, and discusses articles in the top journals that have used or developed Bayesian methods over the last decade.
Abstract: Although Bayes’ theorem has been around for more than 250 years, widespread application of the Bayesian approach only began in statistics in 1990. By 2000, Bayesian statistics had made considerable...
TL;DR: The region known as Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) had 652 million inhabitants in 2018 as discussed by the authors, and it has been divided into many countries, beginning with colonization from Spain and Port...
Abstract: The region known as Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) had 652 million inhabitants in 2018. Historically, it has been divided into many countries, beginning with colonization from Spain and Port...
TL;DR: In recent years, labor studies has flourished even as labor unions in the United States have continued their long-term downward trajectory as discussed by the authors, and one strain of this research has situated the labor moveme...
Abstract: In recent years, labor studies has flourished even as labor unions in the United States have continued their long-term downward trajectory. One strain of this research has situated the labor moveme...
TL;DR: The rise and expansion of large retail firms mark a significant shift in economic organization across communities in the United States as mentioned in this paper, and the shift is described and discussed in detail in this article.
Abstract: The rise and expansion of large retail firms mark a significant shift in economic organization across communities in the United States. In this article, we describe this shift and discuss implicati...
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TL;DR: The sociology of Islam arguably emerged in the fourteenth century with the work of Ibn Khaldun, but the term itself appeared first in 1931 as mentioned in this paper. In recent years, the field has expanded to encompass the...
Abstract: The sociology of Islam arguably emerged in the fourteenth century with the work of Ibn Khaldun, but the term itself appeared first in 1931. In recent years, the field has expanded to encompass the ...