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Showing papers in "Reviews in Mathematical Physics in 2020"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the continuous limit of a nonlinear quantum walk (NLQW) that incorporates a linear quantum walk as a special case is considered. And it is shown that the walker (sol...
Abstract: In this paper, we consider the continuous limit of a nonlinear quantum walk (NLQW) that incorporates a linear quantum walk as a special case. In particular, we rigorously prove that the walker (sol...

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Higher gauge theory as discussed by the authors is a higher order version of gauge theory that makes possible the definition of 2-dimensional holonomy along surfaces embedded in a manifold where a gauge 2-connection is presen...
Abstract: Higher gauge theory is a higher order version of gauge theory that makes possible the definition of 2-dimensional holonomy along surfaces embedded in a manifold where a gauge 2-connection is presen...

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Interior Boundary Conditions (IBCs) have been suggested as a possibility to circumvent the problem of ultraviolet divergences in quantum field theories as mentioned in this paper, where particle creation and a...
Abstract: Interior-boundary conditions (IBCs) have been suggested as a possibility to circumvent the problem of ultraviolet divergences in quantum field theories. In the IBC approach, particle creation and a...

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the solutions of the semilinear wave equation, and in particular of the φq model of quantum field theory in the curved spacetime.
Abstract: We examine the solutions of the semilinear wave equation, and, in particular, of the φq model of quantum field theory in the curved spacetime. More exactly, for 2 < q < 4 we prove that the solution...

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a Koszul formula for the Levi-Civita connection for any pseudo-Riemannian bilinear metric on a class of centered bimodule of noncommutative one-forms was proved.
Abstract: We prove a Koszul formula for the Levi-Civita connection for any pseudo-Riemannian bilinear metric on a class of centered bimodule of noncommutative one-forms. As an application to the Koszul formu...

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a strengthening of the data processing inequality for the relative entropy introduced by Belavkin and Staszewski (BS-entropy), which extends previous results by Carlen and V...
Abstract: In this work, we provide a strengthening of the data processing inequality for the relative entropy introduced by Belavkin and Staszewski (BS-entropy). This extends previous results by Carlen and V...

18 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give an introduction to the mathematical framework of the Batalin-Vilkovisky and Batalin−Fradkin-Vilić formalisms, and give an overview of the mathematical properties of the formalisms.
Abstract: These notes give an introduction to the mathematical framework of the Batalin–Vilkovisky and Batalin–Fradkin–Vilkovisky formalisms.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Jacob Shapiro1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present examples in three symmetry classes of topological insulators in one or two dimensions where the proof of the bulk-edge correspondence is particularly simple and serve to illustrate th...
Abstract: We present examples in three symmetry classes of topological insulators in one or two dimensions where the proof of the bulk-edge correspondence is particularly simple. This serves to illustrate th...

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: On a connected, oriented, smooth Riemannian manifold without boundary, the authors considered a real scalar field whose dynamics is ruled by E, a second-order elliptic partial differential operator of Laplace.
Abstract: On a connected, oriented, smooth Riemannian manifold without boundary we consider a real scalar field whose dynamics is ruled by E, a second-order elliptic partial differential operator of Laplace ...

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For parity-conserving fermionic chains, the authors review how to associate Ω2-indices to ground states in finite systems with quadratic and higher-order interactions as well as to quasifree ground states o...
Abstract: For parity-conserving fermionic chains, we review how to associate ℤ2-indices to ground states in finite systems with quadratic and higher-order interactions as well as to quasifree ground states o...

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the geometry of quantum states using elementary methods and pictures is presented, where quantum states are represented by a convex body, often in high dimensions.
Abstract: This is a review of the geometry of quantum states using elementary methods and pictures. Quantum states are represented by a convex body, often in high dimensions. In the case of n qubits, the dim...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The spectral properties of singularly perturbed self-adjoint Landau Hamiltonians with a δ-potential supported on a finite C 1, 1-smooth curve were studied in this article.
Abstract: The spectral properties of the singularly perturbed self-adjoint Landau Hamiltonian Aα = (i∇ + A)2 + αδ Σ in L2(ℝ2) with a δ-potential supported on a finite C1,1-smooth curve Σ are studied. Here A ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Increasing tensor powers of the k × k matrices Mk(ℂ) are known to give rise to a continuous bundle of C ∗-algebras over I = {0}∪ 1/ℕ ⊂ [0, 1] with fibers A1/N = Mk( ∆)⊗N and A0 = C(Xk), where Xk = S(S) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Increasing tensor powers of the k × k matrices Mk(ℂ) are known to give rise to a continuous bundle of C∗-algebras over I = {0}∪ 1/ℕ ⊂ [0, 1] with fibers A1/N = Mk(ℂ)⊗N and A0 = C(Xk), where Xk = S(...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider mathematical models of the weak decay of the vector bosons W± into leptons and show that the free quantum field Hamiltonian is perturbed by an interaction term from the standard model of particle physics.
Abstract: We consider mathematical models of the weak decay of the vector bosons W± into leptons. The free quantum field Hamiltonian is perturbed by an interaction term from the standard model of particle ph...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the use of the pulsatility index by Doppler ultrasound of the uterine artery is a suitable method for detection at 11 to 14 weeks gestation in women to develop pre-eclampsia.
Abstract: Introduccion: El indice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina puede usarse para estimar el riesgo de preeclampsia. En el segundo y tercer trimestre del embarazo. Objetivo: Generar conocimiento sobre el indice de pulsatilidad de las arterias uterinas en la prediccion de la preeclampsia en gestantes entre 11 y 14 semanas. Materiales y metodos: Es un estudio descriptivo de busqueda bibliografia y se ha realizado en Pubmed, Medline, Scielo, bibliotecas de universidades nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: La media del indice de pulsatilidad en las gestantes con preeclampsia encontrado fue variada que va de 1.92 a 2.41, teniendo como puntos de corte de IP > 1.71 (p <0,05), en el doppler color de la arteria uterina entre las 11 y 14 semanas, es un buen metodo para el cribado de las mujeres en riesgo de desarrollar preclampsia, ya que presenta una sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP y VPN variada, pero suficiente para aceptarlo como metodo predictor de pre-eclampsia. Conclusion: Existe suficiente evidencia que concluye que el uso del indice de pulsatilidad por ecografia doppler de la arteria uterina es un metodo adecuado para la deteccion a las 11 a 14 semanas de gestacion en mujeres para desarrollar pre-eclampsia.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: La afectación psicológica pone en riesgo la salud física and mental del personal sanitario, dando lugar a contagios por inadecuadas condiciones de bioseguridad e infraestructura sanitaria, complicaciones a su propia salud y muerte.
Abstract: Actualmente se vive una crisis sanitaria de alcance global, catalogada por la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como pandemia (1). Se reportan al 26 de julio del 2020: 646 996 victimas mortales y sobrepasa los dieciseis millones de casos confirmados en el mundo (2) En Sudamerica el Peru, despues de Brasil, ocupa el segundo lugar con 379,884 casos y 18,030 defunciones (2). Por las caracteristicas propias de esta pandemia, el personal de salud se enfrenta a estresores laborales intensos, tales como largas jornadas de trabajo, sobrecarga laboral, instrucciones y medidas de seguridad estrictas, necesidad permanente de concentracion y vigilancia, escasez de equipamientos de proteccion entre otros (3,4). Se incluye ademas el colapso de un sistema sanitario precario, una mayor duracion de la cuarentena, frustracion, aburrimiento, perdidas financieras (5) informacion insuficiente y poco claras para poder tomar acciones adecuadas (6,7) percepcion de falta de transparencia de los funcionarios publicos y del gobierno sobre la gestion de los recursos publicos (7). Esta situacion, pone en riesgo la salud fisica y mental del personal sanitario, dando lugar a contagios por inadecuadas condiciones de bioseguridad e infraestructura sanitaria, complicaciones a su propia salud y muerte. La afectacion psicologica se manifiesta con sintomas de ansiedad, depresion o trastornos por estres postraumatico (8) o traumatizacion vicaria derivada de la compasion hacia los pacientes que estan atendiendo (9).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Morphological changes were detected in the evaluation of the imaging indicators by contrast computed tomography, taking lymph node involvement and the size of lymphadenopathy as a fundamental criterion in the diagnosis, staging and reevaluation of cases with lymphomas.
Abstract: Los linfomas son el conjunto de enfermedades neoplasicas de los linfocitos. El diagnostico se fundamenta en la anamnesis, examen fisico, biopsia ganglionar y estudios imagenologicos que permiten valorar la enfermedad para su estadiacion y tratamiento. Objetivo: Caracterizar a partir de indicadores clinico-histo-imagenologico en casos con linfomas de localizacion mediastinal atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Oncologia y Radiobiologia de Septiembre de 2017 a Diciembre de 2019. Materiales y metodos: Se realizo un estudio preliminar, descriptivo, prospectivo en una poblacion de 167 casos y una muestra de 43 pacientes con linfomas de localizacion mediastinal. Se estudiaron las variables: sexo, edad, indice de masa corporal, sintomas y signos, tipo de tumor, subtipo histologico, estadiacion por criterios de Ann-Arbor, tamano ganglionar y localizacion mediastinal. Resultados: El pico de incidencia se observo entre los 25-35 anos. La mayor cantidad de casos presentaron sobrepeso (n=10; 23,3%). Predominaron los Linfomas de Hodgkin (n=31; 71,8%) subtipo Esclerosis Nodular (n=22; 51,2%) con estadio IA (LH=14; 32,6%). El tamano promedio de los ganglios fue de 25,1±17,3 mm. En todos los niveles de la anatomia mediastinica se observaron lesiones ganglionares, a predominio del mediastino superior. Otras caracteristicas predominantes observadas por TC incluyeron ganglios hipodensos homogeneos (n=34; 79,07%), realce postcontraste con captacion homogenea (n=24; 55,81), invasion de estructuras vecinas (n=18; 41,8%) y densidades entre 32-108 UH. Conclusiones: En la valoracion de los indicadores imagenologicos por tomografia computarizada contrastada se detectan cambios morfologicos, al tomar como criterio fundamental la afectacion ganglionar y el tamano de las adenopatias en el diagnostico, estadiamiento y reevaluacion de casos con linfomas.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the topological order of the Toric code appears when the lattice on which it is defined discretizes a three-dimensional torus, and the topology of the code is analyzed.
Abstract: In this work, we will show how the topological order of the Toric Code appears when the lattice on which it is defined discretizes a three-dimensional torus. In order to do this, we will present a ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the moduli space of Spin(7)-instantons on a hermitian complex vector bundle over a closed 8-dimensional manifold endowed with a (possibly non-integrable) spin-7-structure is constructed.
Abstract: We construct the moduli space of Spin(7)-instantons on a hermitian complex vector bundle over a closed 8-dimensional manifold endowed with a (possibly non-integrable) Spin(7)-structure. We find sui...

Journal ArticleDOI
Gaëtan Borot1
TL;DR: In this paper, the idea of topological recursion in two-dimensional quantum field theories (2D TQFTs), in cohomological field theory (CohFT), and in the compu...
Abstract: This paper aims at explaining some incarnations of the idea of topological recursion: in two-dimensional quantum field theories (2d TQFTs), in cohomological field theories (CohFT), and in the compu...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the sesquilinear forms are Hermitian forms acting on secti... and they are used to obtain a system of partial differential equations on a manifold.
Abstract: A natural way to obtain a system of partial differential equations on a manifold is to vary a suitably defined sesquilinear form. The sesquilinear forms we study are Hermitian forms acting on secti...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Yang-Baxter equation was proved for a self-adjoint bounded linear operator on H⊗2 with norm ≤ 1, satisfying the Yang and Baxter equation.
Abstract: Let H be a separable Hilbert space and T be a self-adjoint bounded linear operator on H⊗2 with norm ≤ 1, satisfying the Yang–Baxter equation. Bozejko and Speicher ([10]) proved that the operator T ...

Journal ArticleDOI
Abstract: O objetivo do estudo foi classificar as universidades federais brasileiras de acordo com os indicadores de gestao propostos pelo Tribunal de Contas da Uniao – TCU e verificar o potencial desses indicadores para classificar as instituicoes de ensino. Os dados foram obtidos de 59 relatorios de gestao referentes ao exercicio de 2012. Foram utilizadas tecnicas multivariadas de analise de agrupamento e analise discriminante que dividiu as universidades em 3 grupos. O Grupo 1 foi composto por 28 universidades com maior numero de alunos, professores e funcionarios e maiores valores de desempenho discente e custo corrente bruto. O Grupo 2 foi caracterizado pelas 17 universidades com pequena quantidade de alunos da graduacao em relacao ao tamanho da estrutura existente. O Grupo 3 reuniu seis universidades com o pior desempenho discente, os menores niveis de qualificacao dos professores e de investimento por aluno. O modelo discriminante gerado comprovou a diferenca estatistica entre os grupos e foi capaz de classificar corretamente 100% das observacoes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, homotopy theoretic and geometric interpretations of the Kane-Mele invariant for gapped fermionic quantum systems in three dimensions with time-reversal symmetry are presented.
Abstract: We present homotopy theoretic and geometric interpretations of the Kane–Mele invariant for gapped fermionic quantum systems in three dimensions with time-reversal symmetry. We show that the invaria...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors extend the Howland time independent formalism to the case of completely positive and trace preserving dynamics of finite-dimensional open quantum systems governed by periodic, time-dependent Lindbla...
Abstract: We extend Howland time-independent formalism to the case of completely positive and trace preserving dynamics of finite-dimensional open quantum systems governed by periodic, time-dependent Lindbla...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Maternal complications in patients with vaginal or abdominal delivery with a history of caesarean section were postpartum hemorrhage and respiratory distress syndrome respectively.
Abstract: Objetivo: Determinar el perfil clinico y las principales complicaciones maternas perinatales del parto vaginal en gestantes con cesarea previas en el Hospital Santa Maria del Socorro Ica, en el ano 2018. Materiales y metodos: Se realizo un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional. Se reviso las historias clinicas de pacientes con embarazo a termino normo evolutivo y antecedente de cesarea en alguna gestacion previa, que se sometieron a trabajo de parto y culminaron su parto por via vaginal o abdominal y que fueron atendidas en el Hospital Santa Maria del Socorro de Ica en el ano 2018, se utilizo una ficha de recoleccion de Datos. Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 162 gestantes en trabajo de parto, 128 (79%) lograron el nacimiento por via vaginal, mientras que 34 (21%) tuvieron su finalizacion del embarazo por via abdominal. Entre las caracteristicas sociodemograficas predomino: Las edades entre los 20 y 30 anos (80%), el grado de instruccion secundaria (62%), estado civil soltera (41%), ocupacion empleada (44%) y de procedencia rural (81%. En relacion a las complicaciones maternas: la hemorragia post parto estuvo presente en ambos grupos 5,4% en parto vaginal y 18% en parto abdominal, las diferencias fueron significativas (p<0,05). Respecto al factor perinatal: la patologia predominante fue sindrome de distres respiratorio, igualmente la diferencia estadistica fue significativa (p< 0,05). Conclusiones: Las complicaciones maternas en pacientes con parto vaginal o abdominal con antecedentes de cesarea fueron hemorragia post parto y sindrome de distres respiratorio respectivamente.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Feynman path integrals for the magnetic Schrodinger equations are defined mathematically, in particular with polynomially growing potentials in the spatial direction.
Abstract: The Feynman path integrals for the magnetic Schrodinger equations are defined mathematically, in particular, with polynomially growing potentials in the spatial direction. For example, we can handl...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A uniform construction of quasi-periodic solutions to the negative-order Jaulent-Miodek (nJM) hierarchy is presented by using a family of backward Neumann type systems as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A uniform construction of quasi-periodic solutions to the negative-order Jaulent–Miodek (nJM) hierarchy is presented by using a family of backward Neumann type systems. From the backward Lenard gra...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Erlijman and Wenzl as mentioned in this paper showed that the multiplication in the polynomial ring (quotient) is induced by a ∗-homomorphism A⊗A→A arising from a unitary braiding on a C*-tensor category.
Abstract: Renault, Wassermann, Handelman and Rossmann (early 1980s) and Evans and Gould (1994) explicitly described the K-theory of certain unital AF-algebras A as (quotients of) polynomial rings. In this paper, we show that in each case the multiplication in the polynomial ring (quotient) is induced by a ∗-homomorphism A⊗A→A arising from a unitary braiding on a C*-tensor category and essentially defined by Erlijman and Wenzl (2007). We also present some new explicit calculations based on the work of Gepner, Fuchs and others. Specifically, we perform computations for the rank two compact Lie groups SU(3), Sp(4) and G2 that are analogous to the Evans-Gould computation for the rank one compact Lie group SU(2). The Verlinde rings are the fusion rings of Wess-Zumino-Witten models in conformal field theory or, equivalently, of certain related C*-tensor categories. Freed, Hopkins and Teleman (early 2000s) realized these rings via twisted equivariant K-theory. Inspired by this, our long-term goal is to realize these rings in a simpler K-theoretical manner, avoiding the technicalities of loop group analysis. As a step in this direction, we note that the Verlinde rings can be recovered as above in certain special cases.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the causality of upper semi-continuous distributions of cones with respect to Cauchy hypersurfaces has been investigated and shown to be locally stably acausal.
Abstract: We complement our work on the causality of upper semi-continuous distributions of cones with some results on Cauchy hypersurfaces. We prove that every locally stably acausal Cauchy hypersurface is ...