Showing papers in "Revista de História in 2015"
TL;DR: HARTOG, Francois. as mentioned in this paper, presentismo e experiencias do tempo: Regimes de historicidade: presentismo and experience of the past. Traducao de Andrea S. de Menezes.
Abstract: HARTOG, Francois. Regimes de historicidade: presentismo e experiencias do tempo. Traducao de Andrea S. de Menezes, Bruna Breffart, Camila R. Moraes, Maria Cristina de A. Silva e Maria Helena Martins. Belo Horizonte: Autentica, 2014
38 citations
TL;DR: O cursos de Pierre Bourdieu as mentioned in this paper consist in a conjunto de formulacoes teoricas, indicacoes metodologicas, interrogacoes, esbocos de analises empiricas e pistas de investigacoes importantes for as pesquisas atuais sobre questoes relacionadas a o Estado moderno.
Abstract: Os cursos de Pierre Bourdieu reunidos em Sobre o Estado apresentam um conjunto de formulacoes teoricas, indicacoes metodologicas, interrogacoes, esbocos de analises empiricas e pistas de investigacoes importantes para as pesquisas atuais sobre questoes relacionadas ao Estado moderno. De imediato, gostaria de remeter a dois aspectos centrais explorados analiticamente ao longo das vinte e tres aulas. Primeiro, a principal contribuicao teorica do autor reside na incorporacao do poder simbolico como dimensao essencial do Estado. Concebido como uma forma de crenca, uma ilusao bem fundamentada, ao Estado e atribuido o poder de organizar a vida social atraves da imposicao de estruturas cognitivas e de consensos sobre o sentido do mun-
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a documenta trocada entre Agostinho e seus correspondentes during a controversialia pelagiana, mostram nao apenas o papel das redes epistolares no desenrolar desses debates, mas tambem de que modo os fluxos habituais de pessoas e de noticias no Mediterrâneo podiam ser mobilizados, ainda que nem sempre controlados, pelos atores desse jogo.
Abstract: O Saque de Roma de 410 inundou o Mediterrâneo de refugiados e fez com que questoes que preocupavam a Igreja latina fossem tambem levadas a atencao dos cristaos do Oriente. Esse e o caso de Pelagio que, ao buscar refugio em Hipona e depois na Palestina, levaria Agostinho a enfrenta-lo em uma controversia que afetaria toda a tradicao crista ocidental: o debate sobre a graca. As cartas trocadas entre Agostinho e seus correspondentes durante a controversia pelagiana nos mostram nao apenas o papel das redes epistolares no desenrolar desses debates, mas tambem de que modo os fluxos habituais de pessoas e de noticias no Mediterrâneo podiam ser mobilizados, ainda que nem sempre controlados, pelos atores desse jogo. O objetivo deste texto e investigar os meios, as formas e os atores envolvidos na comunicacao entre Roma, o norte da Africa e a Palestina durante a controversia pelagiana.
10 citations
TL;DR: WRIGHT, Mary Clabaugh as discussed by the authors, The last stand of chinese conservatism The T'ung-Chih Restoration, 1862-1874 Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1957, 426 pags
Abstract: WRIGHT, Mary Clabaugh The last stand of chinese conservatism The T'ung-Chih Restoration, 1862-1874 Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1957, 426 pags
8 citations
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TL;DR: The fact that Veloso and his group adopted the Linnean system allowed his work to be recognized by taxonomists, despite being outdated at the time it was published as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: This paper analyses Veloso’s activities as a naturalist and argues that his botanical work as well as his editor’s efforts are consistent with Enlightened natural history. His later celebrity was built by the trend of ennobling “great men” of the colonial rule and by the actual use of his botanical research. The fact that Veloso and his group adopted the Linnean system allowed his work to be recognized by taxonomists, despite being outdated at the time it was published
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace the history of Ambriz between the 1840s and 1870s in order to illuminate the issues of political and economic order that mediated relations with the colonial power based in Luanda, as well as reveal the characteristics of trade made by African societies, especially those articulated by the port and the Lower Congo.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to trace the history of Ambriz between the 1840s and 1870s in order to illuminate the issues of political and economic order that mediated relations with the colonial power based in Luanda, as well as reveal the characteristics of trade made by African societies, especially those articulated by the port and the Lower Congo. Beyond a purely economic approach, we seek to understand the business activities in a dialogic relationship in which African sectors impose rules and standards, and these in turn reveal conceptions and forms of association whose logic extrapolates an essentially Eurocentric perspective.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the traditional historiographical vision of the medieval solitudo is a consequence of the revaluation of some common places of the classical and biblical rhetoric during the period.
Abstract: This paper aims to demonstrate that the traditional historiographical vision of the medieval solitudo is a consequence of the revaluation of some common places of the classical and biblical rhetoric during the period. This is an important observation as it leds us to a new analytical horizon not explored by the monastic studies yet: the social function of the medieval solitude. In methodological terms, this article proposes the exam of the dynamic lexical relations present in the semantic field of the medieval solitude. At the end of our exposition we will have demonstrated that the Latin desert must be understood in relation with the transfer process of the oriental notion to the west. A transfer that brings the solitude under control of some Christian specialists in isolation, such as hermits and monks. These characters claim for themselves the monopoly on the occupation of the space of solitude: the eremus. In the end, this essay argues that the Latinized solitude notion, as well as the polysemy of the biblical desertum, implicate a "territorialized" conception of the space, as the social agents involved intend to exercise their influence (in an exclusive form) on this space.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the formation of rural environments in the Minas do Cuiaba, in the first half of the eighteenth century, was analyzed, using reports, essays, official correspondence, letters of "sesmarias" and cartographic documentation to reconstruct details of the spatialization of rurality in center of South America.
Abstract: In this article we analyzed the formation of rural environments in the Minas do Cuiaba, in the first half of the eighteenth century. We use reports, essays, official correspondence, letters of "sesmarias" and cartographic documentation to reconstruct details of the spatialization of rurality in center of South America. We believe that a detailed study can serve to problematize studies that in other scales sought to characterize the formation of the rurality in the context of the expansion of the Portuguese conquests in the eighteenth century.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a legislacao espanhola em materia de escravidao influenciou todo o worldo Atlântico e para alem dele.
Abstract: No seculo XVIII os reis da Espanha estabeleceram, atraves de uma abundante legislacao, uma politica de asilo para os escravos que fugissem de outros dominios para os seus. Este articulo busca rastrear as origens dessa politica e estabelecer sua relacao com o principio de “solo livre”. Afirmamos que a legislacao espanhola em materia de escravidao influenciou todo o mundo Atlântico e para alem dele. Esta influencia se deveu a que Espanha tinha um conjunto importante de leis vivas sobre o tratamento dos escravos, resultado de um longo contato entre “povos” que vinha desde os tempos visigodos.
4 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The early summoning of a National Congress in Chile and the popular election of representatives are two steps that reflect the attempts to organize a country based upon popular sovereignty, territorial representation of the provinces and the not corporate exercise of power as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In the period of their independence, Latin American countries faced the challenge of building a political order, in which the legitimacy of power would adjust to the new republican values. This important challenge required more than simple reforms. Indeed, important transformations in the existing political culture and social order were required for the constitution of a modern citizenship. This new political structure would serve as a foundation of future democracies in the region. The early summoning of a National Congress in Chile and the popular election of representatives are two steps that reflect the attempts to organize a country based upon popular sovereignty, territorial representation of the provinces and the not corporate exercise of power.
4 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the transformation perceived within the army of Chile with the introduction of compulsory military service under Prussian influence, which sought to overcome the previous system of enlistment or forced transformation cam.
Abstract: espanolEsta investigacion aborda la transformacion advertida al interior del ejercito de Chile con la instauracion del Servicio Militar Obligatorio bajo la influencia prusiana, que busco superar el sistema anterior de enrolamiento o leva forzosa. En el contexto y los antecedentes de este cambio, este trabajo muestra el fuerte cuestionamiento al sistema precedente y del debate que en torno a el se genero. Asimismo, se vera si los objetivos perseguidos con dicho cambio se alcanzaron, al menos en terminos parciales. EnglishThis research addresses to the transformation perceived within the army of Chile with the introduction of compulsory military service under Prussian influence, which sought to overcome the previous system of enlistment or forced transformation cam. On the background and precedents of this change, this paper shows the strong challenge to the previous system and the debate generated about it. We also will show if the objectives pursued on this change were achieved, at least in partial terms.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Dujovne as mentioned in this paper realizó un riguroso trabajo sobre el world of libro judio en Buenos Aires, desde sus inicios en la decada de 1910 hasta su declive durante los anos '60 and '70 en el estudio titulado Una historia del libro de la cultura judia.
Abstract: ?Que lugar ocupo el libro en la cultura judia de Buenos Aires durante el siglo XX? ?Que rol tuvo en la conformacion de una de las colectividades judias mas significativas de America latina? Mas en general, ?que importancia tiene dicho artefacto en la definicion del significado del judaismo, de la historia y de la identidad judia? Intentando responder a estos complejos interrogantes, el investigador argentino Alejandro Dujovne ha realizado un riguroso trabajo sobre el mundo del libro judio en Buenos Aires, desde sus inicios en la decada de 1910 hasta su declive durante los anos '60 y '70 en el estudio titulado Una historia del libro judio. Inscribiendose en el campo de estudios sobre el libro y la edicion que encuentra entre sus principales referentes a figuras como Roger Chartier, Robert Darnton y Pierre Bourdieu, haciendo frente al desafio de reconstruir una historia fragmentaria y trazando un mapa politico, social y cultural de enorme complejidad sobre el territorio de la capital argentina, pero tambien procurando reponer cadenas de intercambio y transmision de alcance transnacional, el autor ha elaborado un trabajo que resulta clave para comprender no solo la historia de la colectividad judia en la Argentina, sino tambien la del mundo editorial de nuestro pais.
TL;DR: In this paper, a sociedade francesa fomenta, interpreta e rejeita, a partir das imagens e ideias construidas sobre os imigrantes africanos/antilhanos e seus descendentes, o entendimento acerca de suas identidades e das relacoes interculturais e multiculturais geradas pelas diasporas pos-coloniais.
Abstract: O texto tem como objetivo principal analisar parte dos discursos produzidos sobre a participacao de atletas interculturais - de origem africana ou antilhana - na selecao francesa de futebol na ultima decada. Partindo dos referenciais teoricos vinculados aos estudos africanos e pos-coloniais, e fruto de uma investigacao de maior dimensao, buscamos analisar a forma como a sociedade francesa - com seus conjuntos populacionais hibridos e complexos - fomenta, interpreta e rejeita, a partir das imagens e ideias construidas sobre os imigrantes africanos/antilhanos e seus descendentes, o entendimento acerca de suas identidades e das relacoes interculturais e multiculturais geradas pelas diasporas pos-coloniais. Selecionamos, para uma reflexao inicial, noticias veiculadas pela imprensa francesa e europeia sobre a atuacao de atletas interculturais na selecao francesa apos o campeonato mundial da Africa do Sul, em 2010.
TL;DR: The authors discusses some of the social interactions that developed as a result of the Roman expansion in Italy between the fourth and second centuries BC, by identifying key historical agents that participated in this process and how they interacted.
Abstract: Between the fourth and second centuries BC, Rome conquered practically all of peninsular Italy, and founded numerous colonies in lands that were confiscated from Italian communities. Roman historical writers provide detailed accounts of the wars and battles fought during this period, but say little about the political, legal and socio-economic arrangements made between Rome and Italian communities after the wars. This article discusses some of the social interactions that developed as a result of the Roman expansion in Italy between the fourth and second centuries BC, by identifying key historical agents that participated in this process and how they interacted. I argue that knowledge of these social interactions can provide a deeper understanding of how Roman hegemony impacted on the daily lives of conquered peoples. Ultimately, this discussion can contribute towards a new framework for understanding the effects of Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean world.
TL;DR: MARTIN MARCOS, David. Madri, Marcial Pons, 2014. as mentioned in this paper, Portugal y Espana, 1668-1715, 1668.
Abstract: MARTIN MARCOS , David. Peninsula de recelos. Portugal y Espana, 1668-1715 . Madri: Marcial Pons, 2014.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors follow the path of a free man of color who was born in 1720 in the Brazilian captaincy of Minas Gerais, in the town of Mariana, and died in the Kingdom of Kongo, probably during the last decade of the eighteenth century.
Abstract: This paper follows the path of a free man of color who was born in 1720 in the Brazilian captaincy of Minas Gerais, in the town of Mariana, and died in the Kingdom of Kongo, probably during the last decade of the eighteenth century. Between the beginning of his life, in Brazil, and its end, in Africa, Andre do Couto Godinho spent a number of years in Portugal, in the cities of Coimbra and Lisbon. While his life story is certainly an extraordinary one, the present narrative does not confine itself to his individual trajectory; on the contrary, it uses his life as a lens for seeing into the world of free men of color in different parts of the Portuguese empire during the second half of the 1700s. Thus, in retracing Andre Godinho's footsteps, I also examine the historical contexts that defined the possibilities, choices and limitations of his personal history.
TL;DR: Pernambuco et al. as mentioned in this paper presented an etnografia e a principal contribuicao desta etnogueira e a de procurar demonstrar a mnemotecnia familiar e genealogica, os mortos, a politica and a familia sao capazes de estabelecer historia politica e municipal e criar uma forma-Estado especifica.
Abstract: Pretendo mostrar neste artigo alguns modos pelos quais os mortos sao chamados a interferir na vida e em alguns aspectos centrais da vida cotidiana em tres municipios situados no sertao de Pernambuco. A principal contribuicao desta etnografia e a de procurar demonstrar que a mnemotecnia familiar e genealogica, os mortos, a politica e a familia sao capazes de estabelecer historia politica e municipal e criar uma forma-Estado especifica.
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the strategies of sobrevivencia desenvolvimentas pelos brâmanes de Goa durante a dominacao imperial portuguesa entre os seculos XVII e XVIII.
Abstract: O objetivo deste estudo e analisar as estrategias de sobrevivencia desenvolvidas pelos brâmanes de Goa durante a dominacao imperial portuguesa entre os seculos XVII e XVIII. No caso de Goa, apesar de viverem sob um poder cristao intolerante, alguns brâmanes procuraram recuperar a sua velha identidade. A maioria, porem, decidiu converter-se ao cristianismo, transformando-se na comunidade de brâmanes catolicos. Todavia, mesmo depois de cristianizados, estes brâmanes mantiveram ligacoes para alem dos contextos da dominacao imperial portuguesa. Essas ligacoes tambem contribuiram, de uma forma ou de outra, para forjar a sua identidade bramânica. As diferentes atitudes desses brâmanes perante a identidade bramânica e o poder imperial portugues permitem-nos colocar algumas questoes: Quais foram as estrategias desenvolvidas pelos brâmanes de Goa, e o que estas revelam sobre a relacao entre o poder imperial portugues e a construcao de uma identidade bramânica? O que e que estas estrategias nos revelam sobre os brâmanes de Goa e suas caracteristicas? E de que maneira estas experiencias se articularam com outras experiencias indianas de formacao da identidade bramânica na epoca moderna, nomeadamente as que dizem respeito ao seu envolvimento no mundo da burocracia politica e da carreira eclesiastica?
TL;DR: In this paper, a piedade dos outros: o abandono de recem-nascidos em uma vila colonial, seculo XVIII, Rio de Janeiro, 2014.
Abstract: FRANCO, Renato. A piedade dos outros: o abandono de recem-nascidos em uma vila colonial, seculo XVIII . Rio de Janeiro: FGV Editora/Faperj, 2014.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present theoretical and methodological inquiries about the ways in which historians produced historical scholarship, emphasizing the use of interactive graphs, dynamic maps and animations, and they make a theoretical analysis of the role of the written paper as the main (if not only) mean of publishing historical knowledge.
Abstract: The paper presents some theoretical and methodological inquiries about the ways in which historians produced historical scholarship, emphasizing the use of interactive graphs, dynamic maps and animations. If the object of historical research has different flows and diverse intensities, why would be the written paper the main (if not the only) mean of publishing historical knowledge? Historians have chosen, since the nineteenth century, to narrate through writing the social dynamics of the past, barely exploring alternatives ways of representation. Recently, new digital platforms have been inspiring historians and social scientists interested in the historical time to produce some groundbreaking experiments. These experiments, thus, are the object of this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, the conformation of swimming practice in 19th century Rio de Janeiro is discussed, seeking to unveil its different facets, the various meanings attributed to it, considering that the subject could allow us to better understand some important dimensions of fluminense society in the period.
Abstract: This study aims to discuss the conformation of the swimming practice in 19th century Rio de Janeiro, seeking to unveil its different facets, the various meanings attributed to it, considering that the subject could allow us to better understand some important dimensions of fluminense society in the period. To reach the goal, we used as sources newspapers and magazines published in the city, trying to understand the positions as representations that must be prospected in its materiality. We choose to investigate the 19th century (1850's-1890's) not only for being the moment in which the custom of swimming began to settle in the capital, but also due to the contextual framework, a period marked by changes in the city, including on adherence to ideas of modernity.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the arguments of travelers and scientific to justify their appropriation of archaeological wealth as well as the scope of the answers given by the subjects from subaltern countries to such appropriation.
Abstract: The dialogue between the narratives written by the Corregidor del Peten Modesto Mendez and the northamerican diplomatic J. L. Stephens about the discovery of the ruins of Tikal, located in Guatemala by the first and Copan and Quirugua, in Honduras and Guatemala respectively by the second. The goal of this article consist in analyze the arguments of travelers and scientific to justify their appropriation of archaeological wealth as well as the scope of the answers given by the subjects from subaltern countries to such appropriation. This article develops the issue of “esthetic contemplation.” From the prospective of whom coming from the hegemonic countries, the esthetic contemplation is an exclusive attribute of them that establishes a radical distance between them and the nations located at the south of the world. This text explores how Mendez responds to such a conception in order to observe the reach of his challenge to colonial system. Furthermore, the article has two other prospectives: it put in dialogue the narrative de Mendez y Stephens with the narrative related to ancestral monuments coming from the previous centuries in order to explore the changes in their representation that the modernity introduced. Secondly, these pages analyze how Mendez was read by an actor of the Guatemalan Revolution (1944-1954) Hugo Cerezo Dardon in order to explain why such discourse acquire such a signification during the process of national formation prompted by the revolutionary state.
TL;DR: As possibilidades de acesso a alforria and sua frequencia proporcionaram a formacao de um importante contingente de libertos na America portuguesa.
Abstract: As possibilidades de acesso a alforria e sua frequencia proporcionaram a formacao de um importante contingente de libertos na America portuguesa. Porem, a essa camada da sociedade colonial foram impostos muitos e diferentes desafios. Perceber os riscos e as limitacoes que embaracaram ou impediram o gozo de uma liberdade plena e o proposito deste artigo.
TL;DR: The authors discuss a relacao entre o segundo imperador do Brazil, Pedro d'Alcântara, e o alemao Christian Friedrich Seybold (1859-1921).
Abstract: Este artigo visa discutir a relacao entre o segundo imperador do Brasil, Pedro d’Alcântara, e seu ultimo mestre de linguas semiticas e orientais, o alemao Christian Friedrich Seybold (1859-1921). Uma leitura preliminar dos diarios do monarca nos chamou a atencao para a enorme quantidade de mencoes e referencias aquele orientalista alemao, o que revela, de certa forma, a importância que o professor ocupava na vida de d. Pedro II. No entanto, ao passo que Seybold esta presente em numerosas paginas dos diarios, nos causa certa estranheza que tal fato tenha merecido pouca ou nenhuma consideracao por parte dos biografos do imperador, ja que o contato frequente entre eles durante cinco anos se resume a algumas poucas linhas e alusoes esparsas. Partindo de uma releitura critica do material disponivel na historiografia brasileira sobre Seybold, pretendemos aportar novos dados para o estudo bio-bibliografico daquele que foi uma figura atuante na vida intelectual de d. Pedro II, presente ate os ultimos dias de vida do soberano.
TL;DR: The authors examined the debates surrounding modern art in the newspaper Correio da Manha, one of the leading Brazilian dailies of the 20th century, between the years 1924 and 1937, focusing on links between the art world and prevailing ideological debates.
Abstract: The present article examines the debates surrounding "modern art" in the newspaper Correio da Manha, one of the leading Brazilian dailies of the 20th century, between the years 1924 and 1937. A systematic and detailed reading of its coverage demonstrates that the subject was perceived in its time in a manner markedly distinct from the triumphal narrative enshrined subsequently by the historical literature. The article devotes particular attention to the correlations between modern art and the immediate political context, focusing on links between the art world and prevailing ideological debates. Noteworthy is the gradual ascendancy of discourses linking modern art to Communism, culminating in a fiery anti-Communist campaign in the wake of the military uprising of November 1935. The roles played by diverse agents influential in the history of Brazilian modernism are considered and reviewed; in particular: Graca Aranha, Oswald de Andrade, Mario de Andrade, Jose Oiticica and Carlos Maul. The aim of the present research is to provide primary data complementing the established view of the modernist movement in Brazil, which has traditionally accorded privileged status to sources produced by the modernists themselves and their heirs, as well as sources linked exclusively to the visual arts. A broader understanding of the contemporary reception of modern art provides a subtler and more problematized insight into its historical impact.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose an ample critical view of the discussion on the economy and society in Mesopotamia, and analyze the arguments of these paradigmatic authors in this paper.
Abstract: The reflection on the market is a fundamental topic of substantivism. In his model of the ancient economy, Karl Polanyi defended the preponderance of reciprocity and redistribution at the expense of self-regulating market in the ancient world. Assyriologists, be they fervent defenders of the Polanyian model, as Johannes Renger, or fierce critics of such model, as Morris Silver, have discussed the role of the market in the ancient near East along with other interpretations that seek to reassess the several archaeological and textual sources of the Mesopotamian society in various periods as in the work of Mario Liverani. By analyzing the arguments of these paradigmatic authors in this paper, I intend to propose an ample critical view of the discussion on the economy and society in Mesopotamia.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors diagnose and systematize these challenges in order to hue some perspectives for this new conceptual scenario, around the concepts developed here of "memory in dispute" and "equivalent memory".
Abstract: The digital culture that has taken place in the twenty-first century brought new standards for the creation, dissemination and preservation of Brazilian music. In order to investigate the narratives that are created in this contemporary setting, in their constructions of memory and history, the cultural historian requires a new conceptual, methodological, institutional and discursive approach. This research aims to diagnose and systematize these challenges in order to hue some perspectives for this new conceptual scenario, around the concepts developed here of "memory in dispute" and "equivalent memory".
TL;DR: In this paper, the reception of broad readers fiction genres, especially those nowadays classified as pulp fiction like detective, love and adventure stories, was analyzed, in 1930s and 1940s Brazil, by analyzing writers, publishers and intellectuals opinions published in newspapers and magazines of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo.
Abstract: This paper aims to analyze, in 1930s and 1940s Brazil, the reception of broad readers fiction genres, especially those nowadays classified as pulp fiction like detective, love and adventure stories. The sources used are writers, publishers and intellectuals opinions published in newspapers and magazines of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. First, we will analyze how publishing expansion was led by those genres, as also publishers, writers and booksellers of that time have perceived it. Second, we will consider their opinion about the role of those genres to literacy in Brazil. We will show positions that refuse any value of this fiction, others that limit its function to entertainment or degree to form high literature reader, and those sympathetic that try to nationalize those narratives written by foreign writers and widespread in Brazil of that time.
TL;DR: Gomes, Raquel as discussed by the authors, Olive Schreiner, literatura e a construcao da nacao sul-africana, 1880-1902.
Abstract: Resenha do livro GOMES, Raquel. Uma feminista na contramao do colonialismo: Olive Schreiner, literatura e a construcao da nacao sul-africana, 1880-1902 . Sao Paulo: Annablume, 2013.