Showing papers in "Revista Internacional De Sociologia in 2003"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors adopt a constructivist and cultural focus to analyse the social movemements of the feminist movement in the recent process of redefinition and rejecting of the justification of violence against women.
Abstract: This article adopts a constructivist and cultural focus to analyse the social movemements. In particular we follow the theses that argue that movements play a crucial role in creating new frameworks for interpreting reality. Such theses also research the influence of these frameworks on social change. Our objective is to develop a better understanding of the influence of the feminist movement on changes that are affecting the relationships between men and women, and their different positions in society. We turn to a study case and analyse the role of the feminist movement in the recent process of redefinition and rejecting of the justification of violence against women. This process has given new explanation of the causes of violence and has meant the transferal or this type of violence from the private sphere to the public sphere; also its recategorization from being a private problem to a social problem.
48 citations
Journal Article•
31 citations
Journal Article•
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a socio-institucional analysis of the actions taken by the Spanish administration with respect to the immigrant associations (place assigned to them on the institutional context of the receptor society and the nature of the bonds between these structures and the State), with the object of determinig if we are facing a demonstration of the self regulation power of civil society or witnessing, in reality, the phenomenon of political co-optation.
Abstract: This article analizes the immigrant associations, not only "from the bottom", from its material and symbolic significance for the populations of reference, as from "the top", from the perspective of the State. This socio-institucional analysis contemplates the action taken by the Spanish administration with respect to the immigrant associations (place assigned to them on the institutional context of the receptor society and the nature of the bonds between these structures and the State), with the object of determinig if we are facing a demonstration of the self regulation power of civil society or witnessing, in reality, the phenomenon of political cooptation.
29 citations
TL;DR: A substitution of women from different nationalities and from different lenghts of stay, in the worst paid an most limiting jobs, is possible because there are some determining factors here appointed.
Abstract: A substitution of women from different nationalities and from different lenghts of stay, in the worst paid an most limiting jobs, is possible because there are some determining factors here appointed. All together explain why Peruvian women as a whole show comparatively slightly more occupational mobility that women from other nationalities who may be even longer in Spain. However, the article remarks that the new conquered jobs are still low qualified, low paid and considered, falling back into the assigment of femenine and low recognised service tasks on women. The final consideration suggests that the debate about the social valorization of domestic work, the share of these duties between men and women and the necessary conciliation of the housework with the paid work, is still open.
24 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, an analisis socio-institucional contempla la actuación de la administración espanola respecto a las asociaciones de inmigrantes (lugar asignado a las mismas in el contexto institucional de la sociedad receptora and naturaleza de los vinculos entre estas estructuras and el Estado), with objeto de determinar si estamos ante una manifestacion de la capacidad de autorregulacion of la soc
Abstract: Este articulo analiza el asociacionismo inmigrante, tanto ?desde abajo?, (desde su significacion material y simbolica para las poblaciones de referencia), como ?desde arriba?, (desde el Estado). Este analisis socio-institucional contempla la actuacion de la administracion espanola respecto a las asociaciones de inmigrantes (lugar asignado a las mismas en el contexto institucional de la sociedad receptora y naturaleza de los vinculos entre estas estructuras y el Estado), con objeto de determinar si estamos ante una manifestacion de la capacidad de autorregulacion de la sociedad civil o asistimos, en realidad, a fenomenos de cooptacion politica.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the great inequalities of power characteristic of current societies give rise to a lack of real freedom that affects most of the population, which is impossible without individuals' socioeconomic independence, and that Basic Income constitutes a valuable mechanism for making the right to existence of the whole population a reality.
Abstract: Freedom becomes impossible without individuals' socioeconomic independence. The great inequalities generate enormous disparities of power. The great asymmetries of power characteristic of current societies give rise to a lack of real freedom that affects most of the population. This portion of the population, which is far from being insignificant from a numerical point of view, has no guarantee of its citizen existence since it lacks freedom as non-domination. Basic Income constitutes a valuable mechanism for making the right to existence of the whole population a reality, since it would increase the power of negotiation of poor and dominated people.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the limits reached by this field of research the last three decades in order to explain the transformations experimented by traditional USM and the coming on new ones.
Abstract: The notion of 'Urban Social Movements' (USM) is examined here through the work of Manuel Castells. Firstly, we consider the limits reached by this field of research the last three decades in order to explain the transformations experimented by traditional USM and the coming on new ones. Secondly, three theoretical stages in the work of Castells are identified. Thirdly, we revisit the four main critiques directed to Castells on USM: autonomy of USM from other social struggles, the analysis of USM effects, the explanative capacity of relevant social contexts to the USM and the central emphasis given to its internal social relations (social origins, movements organizations and resources, etc.). As a whole, this paper tries to demonstrate that valuable theoretical contributions of Castells must be complemented and modified by these critiques, even when this sociologist did not accept them in a congruent integration.
17 citations
TL;DR: The Andalusian Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policy evolution from the mid eighties up to 2001, using an analytical framework that takes on board several variables such as models and ideas, interests, political preferences, institutions and socio-economic factors.
Abstract: This article describes and analyses the Andalusian Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policy evolution from the mid eighties up to 2001, using an analytical framework that takes on board several variables such as models and ideas, interests, political preferences, institutions and socio-economic factors. Andalusia was one of the first Spanish Autonomous Communities to initiate a regional science, technology and innovation policy. The isolation of the scientific and technological domains has been one of the key features of STI policy in this region, with a clear predominance of the first over the second. It is argued that the key explanatory factor of the initial academic orientation of Andalusia STI regional policy and of its consolidation and stability over time has been the strength of university and scientific interests within the region al political game.
14 citations
Journal Article•
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of national profiles reveals that new policies introduced in all four countries mark progress towards redressing some of the historical imbalances of that welfare model, but social safety nets in southern Europe remain frail in terms of institutional design as well as political support and legitimacy.
Abstract: The marginal role of social assistance and the absence of minimum income programmes have long been thought to constitute defining characteristics of the southern European model of welfare. Nevertheless, over the 1990s significant innovations in this field have taken place. The article aims to contribute to the analysis of recent developments by critically examining the experience of anti-poverty policies in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain. It is argued that the 'patchiness' of safety nets in southern Europe is due to a unique set of constraints, the most relevant of which are the role of families and the 'softness' of state institutions. A review of national profiles reveals that new policies introduced in all four countries mark progress towards redressing some of the historical imbalances of that welfare model. In particular, fully-fledged minimum income schemes now operate in Portugal and in certain Spanish regions, while an experiment has been carried out involving a number of Italian municipalities. In view of this, the article concludes that social safety nets in southern Europe remain frail in terms of institutional design as well as political support and legitimacy.
TL;DR: The Gift Theory exposed by Marcel Mauss is used to analyze free, not paid and universal blood donation and some problems and conflicts generated under this biomedical practice would be understood if attention to the fuzzy persistence of the logic of gift were played.
Abstract: The Gift Theory exposed by Marcel Mauss is here used to analyze free, not paid and universal blood donation. According to Mauss, every gift involves three obligations: to give, to get and to return. All of them are present in modern blood donation, even gift is still in force as social exchange. But the gift of blood acquires some specific characteristics and, even when it does not follow the conventional patterns of a gift, it is not possible to obviate its validity. Some problems and conflicts generated under this biomedical practice would be understood if attention to the fuzzy persistence of the logic of gift were played, also in strongly institutionalized social contexts.
TL;DR: The concentration of immigrant women in reproductive services indicates a tripartite labour discrimination based on social class, gender and ethnic group in the receiving society as mentioned in this paper, and the results reveal a hierarchy of different levels and show that indigenous and immigrant female workers really are not placed in the same sectors.
Abstract: The concentration of immigrant women in reproductive services indicates a tripartite labour discrimination —based on social class, gender and ethnic group— in the receiving society. The article presents a general overview of the position of immigrant women in the Catalan labour market. The analysis evidences the transfer of reproductive work among women from different social class and ethnic group, and tries to identify a segmentation process of reproductive services and the ethnisation of certain levels or sectors. The results reveal a hierarchy of different levels, and show that indigenous and immigrant female workers really are not placed in the same sectors.
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the methodological individualism is not only configurated as an explicative and methodological standard, but also as the premise of a social sciences and political philosophy, trying to reveal their theoretical groundwork.
Abstract: In opinion of the chief representatives of the Austrian School, the objetive of the theoretical social sciences is to elaborate a theory of human action under shortage conditions, while it is not difficult to particularize the reference to the theory of the subjective values of the Austrian marginalism. This theory, under the point of view of the social sciences philosophy, can be seen as an attempt to explain the social phenomenon and institutions as involuntary consequences of human actions endued with a limited and wrong knowledge. On the other hand, we must recall that such institutions have evolved deriving from the interaction with the individuals which they are related. This article's thesis develops as follows: in opinion of the chief representatives of the Austrian School, the methodological individualism is not only configurated as an explicative and methodological standard, but as the premise of a social sciences and political philosophy, trying to reveal their theoretical groundwork.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss two ways in which these mechanisms come about: (a) as a consequence of the participation in associations, and (b) by sending signals that revise the initial beliefs about the trustworthiness of unknown people.
Abstract: Social trust is one of the key concepts in the analysis of social capital. Social or generalized trust is defined as trust in unknown people. In spite of its centrality for the analysis of social capital, the mechanisms that connect membership to social network with the development of social trust are generally absent in the literature. This paper discusses two ways in which these mechanisms come about: (a) as a consequences of the participation in associations, (b) by sending signals that revise the initial beliefs about the trustworthiness of unknown people.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the health crisis on an international level, and discussed two trends which are emerging; first, the privatization of the world public health system, through Private-Public-Parterships (PPPs); and, second, greater autonomy of countries in the satisfaction of their needs through public health and against the pressure imposed by international institutions.
Abstract: The turn of the millennium reveals an apparent paradox: the intensification of the glo-balization process, which, according to spokesmen from international organizations, constitutes a sure path for poor countries to overcome their historical socio-economic deprivation, and the resurgence of several infectious diseases, which place many countries in a catastrophic situation characterized by declining populations and medieval life expectancy levels. This paradox is reflected in the crisis of medicine production by the market. The major actors are the transnational pharmaceutical companies and the organizations that defend patien1 interests. In this article, Iwill review the health crisis on an international level, and discuss two trends which are emerging; first, the privatization of the world public health system, through Private-Public-Parterships (PPPs); and, second, greater autonomy of countries in the satisfaction of their needs through public health and against the pressure imposed by international institutions.
TL;DR: The theory of the gift, and the explanatory possibilities that its conceptual meaning offer and its methodological application, is the starting point to analyse the pro-social behaviours, present in the organizations that integrate the Third Sector: associations, foundations, benefit societies, co-operatives and labour societies.
Abstract: The theory of the gift, and the explanatory possibilities that its conceptual meaning offer and its methodological application, is the starting point to analyse the pro-social behaviours, present in the organizations that integrate the Third Sector: associations, foundations, benefit societies, co-operatives and labour societies. In all of these organizations, an interchange of goods and services is exercised, that can not be explained neither by the rules of the market nor by the principles of redistribution of the state. Altruism, solidarity and mutual principles, that inspire the pro-social behaviours, are usually practice through the networks of organized solidarity, that are based on the generalised trust and favour the civil society.
TL;DR: In this paper, the evolution of the European environmental policy is analysed, from its origins in the seventies to its development and consolidation after the Single Act (1986) and the Maastricht Treaty (1992).
Abstract: In this article the evolution of the European environmental policy is analysed, from its origins in the seventies to its development and consolidation after the Single Act (1986) and the Maastricht Treaty (1992). Firstly, the author poses some of the most useful theoretical approaches to analyse public policies, focusing on the theory of neoinstitutionalism and the theories of governance. Secondly, the most relevant features of the EU environmental policy are analysed, particularly its regulatory dimension and the implementation of economic selective incentives, together with efforts in information and educational campaigns aimed to both the social players and population.
TL;DR: The Spanish enclave of Ceuta and Melilla in Northern Morocco play central roles in the politics of trans-Mediterranean migration as discussed by the authors, and despite Rabat's occasional grumbling and dissatisfaction, the territories will likely remain Spanish.
Abstract: The Spanish enclaves of Ceuta y Melilla in Northern Morocco play central roles in the politics of trans-Mediterranean migration. They are crucial to the Northern Moroccan economy because of the movement of people and goods through the duty free-zones. In addition, Ceuta and Melilla are at the heart of a heated diplomatic dispute between Spain and Morocco, with Rabat challenging Spain's riht to claim the territories as sovereing territory. However, each enclave's sovereignty is reinforce, not undermined, by the labour migration system within witch they exist. As such, despite Rabat's occasional grumbling and dissatisfaction, the territories will likely remain Spanish. Morocco, for its part, will have the benefit of a useful bargaining card in negotiations with Spain and the EU.
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the relationship between employment sector and vote and found that the relationship has been very stable during the researched period (1989-2000), and that the sector effect on vote has been a small one, and it has been partially due to the different sector's occupational composition.
Abstract: The sector of employment, public or private, has been considered an influencing variable on political behaviour. The most spread thesis asserts that people who work in the private sector support above all conservative parties or those parties that stand for cutting down taxes, and those working in the public sector will vote for labour or socialist parties or those parties that support the expansion of the public administration. The Spanish case had not been well studied, and the work that I present here analyse only the behaviour of the service class. The main conclusions achieved are: 1. The relationship between employment sector and vote has been very stable during the researched period (1989-2000); 2. The sector effect on vote has been a small one, and it has been partially due to the different sector's occupational composition; 3. The only party that has been influenced by sector for long is Izquierda Unida (United Left).
TL;DR: The authors defend the political character of the teaching task and the necessity to redefine the professional profile to highlight the importance of the public school system and the teachers to contribute to the maintenance and to go deeply in democracy.
Abstract: The teaching task, according to rational secular moral, has traditionally been a compromise with knowledge. It was considered, under the liberal and enlightment conception, that such a task helped to the individual moral improvement and to the achievement of a better world. The postmodern crisis of liberal education has implied the disenchantment of the teaching task ethics and it has caused reactions which minimize or eliminate the compromise with the promotion of civic values. We defend the political character of the teaching task and the necessity to redefine the professional profile to highlight the importance of the public school system and the teachers to contribute to the maintenance and to go deeply in democracy.
TL;DR: The sustaining growth of Latin-American origin or ancestry population in the United States is causing an extensive debate about the absorbing ability of the American society and its evolution as a differentiated whole as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The sustaining growth of Latin-American origin or ancestry population in the United States is causing an extensive debate about the absorbing ability of the American society and its evolution as a differentiated whole. In the following text, some outstanding data and notes from this population are reviewed from different perspectives, deducing from them where this evolution seems to be leading.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a study carried out in primary and infant schools in the region of Tarragona in which they analyzed the development of the relationship between the autochthonous and the non-EU immigrant populations within the framework of education action.
Abstract: In this article we present the results of a study carried out in primary and infant schools in the region of Tarragona. In this study we analysed the development of the relationship between the autochthonous and the non-EU immigrant populations within the framework of education action. We also observed the practices carried out by teachers and schools for tackling any problems due to the effects of immigration. The study combined quantitative techniques (577 questionnaires completed by primary and infant teachers) and qualitative techniques (118 in-depth interviews with the head teachers of all the schools with non-EU immigrant pupils and various discussion groups in which teachers and immigrant and autochthonous parents all took part).