Journal•ISSN: 1362-1718
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining
Maney Publishing
About: Science and Technology of Welding and Joining is an academic journal published by Maney Publishing. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Welding & Heat-affected zone. It has an ISSN identifier of 1362-1718. Over the lifetime, 2144 publications have been published receiving 53692 citations. The journal is also known as: Science and technology of welding and joining.
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TL;DR: Friction stir welding (FSW) is a widely used solid state joining process for soft materials such as aluminium alloys because it avoids many of the common problems of fusion welding as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Friction stir welding (FSW) is a widely used solid state joining process for soft materials such as aluminium alloys because it avoids many of the common problems of fusion welding. Commercial feasibility of the FSW process for harder alloys such as steels and titanium alloys awaits the development of cost effective and durable tools which lead to structurally sound welds consistently. Material selection and design profoundly affect the performance of tools, weld quality and cost. Here we review and critically examine several important aspects of FSW tools such as tool material selection, geometry and load bearing ability, mechanisms of tool degradation and process economics.
624 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental understanding of structure-properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds is discussed. And a brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.
Abstract: Spot welding, particularly resistance spot welding (RSW), is a critical joining process in automotive industry. The development of advanced high strength steels for applications in automotive industry is accompanied with a challenge to better understand the physical and mechanical metallurgy of these materials during RSW. The present paper critically reviews the fundamental understanding of structure–properties relationship in automotive steels resistance spot welds. The focus is on the metallurgical characteristics, hardness–microstructure correlation, interfacial to pullout failure mode transition and mechanical performance of steel resistance spot welds under quasi-static, fatigue and impact loading conditions. A brief review of friction stir spot welding, as an alternative to RSW, is also included.
369 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the characteristic defects found as a result of welding the more difficult, highly alloyed materials and review a number of welding processes used in the manufacture and repair of nickel alloy components.
Abstract: The continued drive for increased efficiency, performance and reduced costs for industrial gas turbine engines demands extended use of high strength-high temperature capability materials, such as nickel based superalloys. To satisfy the requirements of the component design and manufacturing engineers, these materials must be capable of being welded in a satisfactory manner. The present paper describes the characteristic defects found as a result of welding the more difficult, highly alloyed materials and reviews a number of welding processes used in the manufacture and repair of nickel alloy components. These include gas tungsten arc (GTA) and electron beam (EB) welding, laser powder deposition and friction welding. Many of the more dilute nickel based alloys are readily weldable using conventional GTA processes; however, high strength, precipitation hardened materials are prone to heat affected zone and strain age cracking defect formation. A number of factors are found to affect the propensity f...
365 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel three-dimensional thermal model is proposed to study the transient temperature distributions during the friction stir welding of aluminium alloys, where the moving heat source engendered by the rotation and linear traverse of the pin tool has been correlated with the actual machine power input.
Abstract: A novel three-dimensional thermal model is proposed to study the transient temperature distributions during the friction stir welding of aluminium alloys. The moving heat source engendered by the rotation and linear traverse of the pin tool has been correlated with the actual machine power input. This power, obtained from experimental investigation, has been distributed to the different interfaces formed between the tool and the weldpiece based on the torques generated at different tool surfaces. Temperature dependent properties of the weld material have been used for the finite element based numerical modelling. Good agreement between the simulated temperature profiles and experimental data has been demonstrated. The effects of various heat transfer conditions at the bottom surface of the workpiece, thermal contact conductances at the interface between the workpiece and backing plate and different backing plate materials on the thermal profile in the weld material have also been investigated nume...
341 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of friction stir welding (FSW) of steel has been investigated and it has been shown that the mechanical properties of FSW of 12% chromium alloy and low carbon steel joints compare favorably with the properties of the parent metal.
Abstract: The feasibility of friction stir welding (FSW) of steel is demonstrated. Tensile and bend testing have confirmed that the mechanical properties of friction stir welded 12% chromium alloy and low carbon steel joints compare favourably with the properties of the parent metal. Some initial feasibility studies of FSW of both 12% chromium alloy and low carbon steel are described. Although more development work is needed, particularly to improve tool materials, the prognosis for continued developments in FSW of steel is shown to be good.
320 citations