Showing papers in "Science & Justice in 2007"

TL;DR: Calculating first derivative can be a useful aid in the comparison of spectra, but a high degree of caution is required when applying this method to fibres which exhibit a large intra-sample variation in colour.

TL;DR: The results showed that the detection of acid phosphatase on swabs is best achieved using direct testing rather than on an extract from the swab.

TL;DR: The very high discriminating power using a combination of light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and UV/VIS microspectrophotometry shows that even blue and red cotton fibres can provide excellent evidence when involved in fibre transfer cases.

TL;DR: This study on dogs of the same breed, of similar weights and held under identical conditions, shows that a combination of rectal temperature, environmental temperature, gross pathology and histological changes can provide a scientifically based estimate of the post-mortem interval during the first 10 h following death.

TL;DR: Articulation rate was measured in the speech of 100 German-speaking male subjects and it was found that mean AR is significantly higher in read than spontaneous speech and that AR standard deviation is significantly smaller in readthan spontaneous speech, although many individual speakers deviate from this general pattern.

TL;DR: It was found that grain size distribution analysis was a useful descriptive tool but it was concluded that if it were to be used in any other manner the derived results should be treated with great caution.

TL;DR: Finger marks treated with cyanoacrylate were visible but those treated with RTX, Swedish Black and Magnetic Jet Black powder were useful for potential comparison and on dead bodies best results were obtained with RTX method.

TL;DR: The relationship between the number of cells sampled and the probability of full representation of all alleles in the donor sample is investigated and the effect of typing several loci as opposed to just a single locus is considered.

TL;DR: A new approach to visualising heat-induced change in bone was attempted in an attempt to counter the serious limitations of existing analytical methods yet still allow for the examination of subtle changes that occur due to burning.

TL;DR: In all cases, no explosives were detected in the post-processing samples, demonstrating that the contamination prevention procedures are effective, robust and fit-for-purpose.

TL;DR: Stable Isotope Profiling (SIP) was used to assess whether matches could be distinguished or shown to be indistinguishable by 13C and 2H isotopic composition and showed the scene matches and seized matches to be different, which was confirmed by XRD and microscopy analyses.

TL;DR: Entellan New was identified as the best mounting medium, and performed similarly to XAM in all aspects, and was selected based on a list of desirable properties.

TL;DR: More rigorous de-activation standards were introduced in 1995 to help counter this perceived threat, particularly in respect of handguns and full-automatic weapons, and all air cartridge guns were placed into the prohibited weapons category in 2003.

TL;DR: Low and high power microscopy was used to determine whether or not foam fragments were distinguishable from each other under various lighting conditions, and it was possible to make clear distinctions between foam fragments from different sources.

TL;DR: DNA profiling of biological trace evidence has been used for many years but the application of this technique specifically to the DNA profiling of earprints has not to date been thoroughly investigated, so high levels of non-donor alleles are observed when earprints are collected for DNA profiling.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors deal with the issue of precision and accuracy with respect to different operators, and the representativeness of the number of grains analysed persample and their effect on the numbers of grain types found in each sample.

TL;DR: An audit was undertaken of missing anterior teeth in adult patients attending for treatment, gathering data that could be more relevant to odontology.