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Showing papers in "Science of The Total Environment in 1988"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Long-term leaching studies predict that fly ash will lose substantial amounts of soluble salts over time, but simulation models predict that the loss of trace elements from fly ash deposits through leaching will be very slow.

233 citations


Journal ArticleDOI

229 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, four west Cumbrian soils of contrasting types, together with an estuarine silt sample, have been separated into different particle size fractions by a combination of sieving and settling techniques.

142 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The literature is reviewed concerning the effects of incinerator operating parameters on emissions and the presence of metals and organics in incinerator quench water and in leachates from ash disposed in landfills, as well as their toxicity to fish.

130 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The marked enrichment of H+, SO4(2-) and NO3- in precipitation compared with NH4+ could be explained by assuming either that SO2 and NO2 are oxidized in cloud droplets or that acidic sulfate and nitrate are scavenged directly in-cloud or below-cloud.

110 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Support for silicon's metabolic role in connective tissue is provided by the finding that silicon is a major ion of osteogenic cells, especially high in the metabolically active state of the cell.

101 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the variation of heavy metal content in suspended matter (SM) during tidal cycles in a mangrove creek was described, and the stable isotope of carbon was used as a tracer for sources of SM to the system.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Clark Fork bed sediment is, in general, quite coarse; the relatively high concentrations of metals in the coarse fractions of these sediments are therefore important to the bulk metal and As content of this system as mentioned in this paper.

94 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Criteria suggest congener numbers 28, 74, 77, 99, 105, 118, 126, 128, 138, 153, 156, 169, 170, 179 and 180 will give a measure of greater than 70% of the total PCB tissue burden in a sample and be of greatest toxicological significance.

87 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the results of seven sewage sludges were evaluated using sequential chemical extraction, acidification to pH 4, 2 and 0.5, and repetitive CaCl2 (0.05 M) extractions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study clearly demonstrates a close relationship between PCB contamination and MO activities in fish from the field and thus clearly emphasizes the interest in MO as a monitoring tool for estimating water quality.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of 137Cs emissions at 32 keV and 662 keV, and 210Pb and 214Pb emissions for samples in radioactive equilibrium, indicates that selfabsorption in lake sediment samples does appear to be significant at lower energy levels.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A multifactorial genesis for the development of lung cancer is concluded from this study, which visualizes the need for systematic health surveillance and follow-ups both in active and retired workers.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed recent data and findings concerning the sources of thallium in the environment and its current environmental levels and exposures, particularly with respect to human exposure.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Lead absorbed through the skin may be eliminated via sweat and other extracellular fluids, and hence not be as great a health hazard as ingested lead, but this will need to be proved by further studies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Baseline concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc have been measured in samples collected from surfaces remote from local sources of pollution across Greater London, and the potential sources of metal contamination in the London area are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, total mercury, cadmium and zinc in the muscles of 19 species of marine organisms (fish and crustaceans) from the Bahia Blanca Estuary, Argentina were determined for the period 1985-1986.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The evidence indicates that the hexavalent form of chromium is the primary agent of Chromium carcinogenesis, and Solubility and other characteristics ofchromium compounds may also play a role in determining risk.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the weathered residues retrieved after fly ash leaching were analyzed for major constituents by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and trace elements by instrumental neutron activation analysis, and the characteristics of the residues ranged from highly leached acidified material, from which many constituent elements had been mobilized, to minimally leached alkaline material containing accumulations of newly formed secondary minerals.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that Cr(III) is absorbed through the respiratory tract, but its kinetics and distribution in the body are not the same as for Cr(VI), and are not adequately monitored by short-term urinary determinations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that the latex of these plants can be used as a molluscicide for controlling the snail Lymnaea acuminata.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concentrations of some trace elements were determined in fruiting bodies of 20 fungal species growing in the Krusné Hory Mountains, Czechoslovakia, where the air pollution is characterized as moderate.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Levels of cadmium in Ontario moose from some regions are comparable to those found in Quebec and Manitoba and are considerably higher than those of Maine and Scandinavia.

Journal ArticleDOI
Cui Chunguo1, Liu Zihui1
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the forms of arsenic in the Zuzou Zone of the Xiangjang River and the distribution of arsenic and arsenic fractions in water, sediments and suspended solids.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The lead, cadmium and zinc in untreated blackbird (Turdus merula L.) feathers is predominantly of exogenous origin, and the endogenous concentration is of minor importance.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Metal concentrations in sweat were compared with ceruloplasmin, alkaline phosphatase, and total and mobile copper and zinc concentrations in serum in males and females to find no sex-based difference.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that, with the exception of mercury, and to a lesser degree selenium, hair analysis did not provide a useful measure of the trace element status of the subjects included in this study.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The evidence thus far indicates that aluminum is toxic to the brain and it is probable that it has a pathogenic role in Alzheimer's disease.