Showing papers in "Science of The Total Environment in 1999"

TL;DR: From the large number of ground water samples that were taken from agricultural areas in Germany, no contamination by antibiotics was detected except for two sites, which indicates that intake from veterinary applications to the aquatic environment is of minor importance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior and occurrence of natural estrogens and synthetic contraceptives in municipal sewage treatment plants (STP) were investigated in German and Canadian facilities, and the mean recoveries of the analytes in ground water after SPE extraction, clean-up and derivatization generally exceeded 75%.

TL;DR: The batch experiments showed that while in contact with activated sludge the natural estrogen 17 beta-estradiol was oxidized to estrone, which was further eliminated in the batch experiments in an approximate linear time dependence, so that the concentrations of the free estrogens increase.

TL;DR: An analytical procedure was developed that enables routine analysis of four estrogenic hormones in concentrations below 1 ng/l in surface water and waste water in The Netherlands and shows that estrogenic hormone can be detected at low concentrations at some locations in surfaceWater.

TL;DR: The drug residues of lipid regulators, anti-inflammatories and some drug metabolites have been detected in raw sewage, treated waste water and river water in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and as a consequence of the incomplete removal of these residues during passage through a STP, rivers were also found to be contaminated.

TL;DR: The impact of exposure to current levels of environmental contaminants in the Canadian Arctic on human health is assessed; the data and knowledge gaps that need to be filled by future human health research and monitoring are identified; and how these issues have changed since a first assessment is examined.

TL;DR: It seems that a large proportion of the lead concentration may disperse in the atmosphere, whereas cadmium sources may be ill-identified or underestimated.

TL;DR: From the results, it is concluded that fallout 237Np/239Pu atom ratios are generally lower in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere, and 237NP/ 239Puatom ratios are more device-dependent, hence more variable, than counterpart 240Pu/239Np atom ratios.

TL;DR: The main characteristics of Doñana Park, the mine activities developed in Aznalcollar and their related environmental risks are described and the first package of urgent actions undertaken for preventive and mitigation purposes are summarized.

TL;DR: In this paper, a linkage between the accumulated use-density over arable land and the contamination in the environment in each country has been studied, where six levels are classified for both use density and contamination, and a spatial interpolation for usage data is made for those countries with residue concentration data but no usage data.

TL;DR: The MFO enzyme data for polar bear, beluga and seals suggest that even the relatively low levels of contaminants present in Arctic animals may not be without biological effects, especially during years of poor feeding.

TL;DR: The metal concentrations in all the fishes analysed, which are restricted to approximately 40 specimens, are low except those found for cadmium in the livers of the benthic fishes.

TL;DR: Generally, in soils with more than 25% of clay, concentration of heavy metals below the 20-cm depth decreased to values close to those of the background level of the Guadiamar valley soils, while in coarser soils, heavy metal pollution penetrated below this depth, being noticeable down to a depth of at least 50-80 cm.

TL;DR: In vitro results demonstrate for the first time the use of a semiquantitative RT-PCR technique for screening estrogenicity by assaying mRNA induction of the estrogenic biomarker vitellogenin in vitro and in vivo.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the performance of ammonia (NH 3 ) and monoethanolamine (MEA) solvents for scrubbing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) greenhouse gas emissions.

TL;DR: A review of recent studies on the pathways of metal accumulation in marine invertebrates finds that nearly all metals are obtained from ingestion of sediments, largely because of their high ingestion rates and low uptake from solution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured and collected particle size distributions at three adjacent sites in Birmingham: a busy roadside (A38), 30 m away from the road and a nearby urban background site.

TL;DR: Four cellular models were established as tools to check the estrogenic activities of several potential xenoestrogens and to detect estrogenic activity in wastewater sewage treatment effluents and these models, which express the endogenous estrogen receptor alpha, were tested.

TL;DR: The Port Jackson estuary has a long history of contamination which has resulted in extensive areas of polluted sediments mainly associated with the most industrialised/commercialised parts of the catchment as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The main processes contributing to air-soil exchange of SVOC are dry deposition (both by vapour adsorption and in association with particles), wet deposition (by precipitation scavenging of vapour- and particle-sorbed chemicals) and volatilisation from the soil as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Vitellogenin levels in male blood plasma in the period from spring to winter 1997 were found to be significantly elevated in at least one sample from most of the 11 estuaries investigated, and VTG concentrations in Tees, Mersey and Tyne male fish were extremely high, and often exceeded those normally found in sexually mature females.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the heavy metal adsorption capacity of various minerals in order to evaluate their potential for the reduction of metal mobility and bioavailability and their possible application for the remediation of polluted soils in the Guadiamar valley.

TL;DR: Each of the four metals displays a unique relationship between metal concentrations in sediments or waters with those in individual feeding guilds of macro-invertebrates, indicating the relative importance of different sources of metals to the different feeding types.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of pH and water/soil ratio on the soil-water partitioning of soil organic matter (SOM) in 15 New Jersey soils were investigated.

TL;DR: Data obtained show that even 10 years after closure of the Hg mine, Hg concentrations in river sediments and water are still very high and did not show the expected decrease of Hg in the Gulf of Trieste.

TL;DR: In this paper, a lysimetric experiment was conducted to evaluate the environmental risks associated with the disposal of sewage sludge composts (SSC) containing trace metal contents below the recommended limit values established by the French legislation.

TL;DR: A review of contaminants data for fish from the Northwest Territories, Yukon and northern Quebec showed mercury as the one contaminant which consistently exceeds guideline limits for subsistence consumption or commercial sale, and PCBs and cadmium were the most prominent contaminants in the species analyzed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented data on current and historical usage of alpha, beta, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in Europe.

TL;DR: A simplified proliferation test with human estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells (E-screen assay) was optimized and validated for the sensitive quantitative determination of total estrogenic activity in effluent samples from municipal sewage plants.

TL;DR: It is concluded that LAS can be found in high concentrations in sewage sludge, but that the relatively rapid aerobic degradation and the reduced bioavailability when applied via sludge most likely will prevent LAS from posing a threat to terrestrial ecosystems on a long term basis.