Showing papers in "Science of The Total Environment in 2005"

TL;DR: The current abiotic and bioremediative strategies that are currently used to mitigate AMD are described and the strengths and weaknesses of each are compared.

TL;DR: Consumption of vegetables and fish contaminated with the heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, and Cr is the most likely route for human exposure in Tianjin, China and health risks associated with these heavy metals were assessed.

TL;DR: There is no good reason to continue to use the [mean+/-2 sdev] rule, originally proposed as a 'filter' to identify approximately 2(1/2)% of the data at each extreme for further inspection at a time when computers to do the drudgery of numerical operations were not widely available and no other practical methods existed.

TL;DR: The Arctic has undergone dramatic change during the past decade, and the observed changes include atmospheric sea-level pressure, wind fields, sea-ice drift, ice cover, length of melt season, change in precipitation patterns,change in hydrology and change in ocean currents and watermass distribution.

TL;DR: Using EFs to detect or 'prove' human influence on element cycles in remote areas should be avoided because, in most cases, high EFs cannot conclusively demonstrate, nor even suggest, such influence.

TL;DR: The macrolides were found to be the most harmful for the aquatic environment and the environmental risk was calculated by MEC/PNEC ratio using the available data from the literature regarding their occurrence in the aquatic environments and the toxicity data obtained from the bioassays performed.

TL;DR: Metal concentrations in the crops and soils were analyzed to evaluate the long-term effects of the spilled waste on the soil and the potential human exposure through food chains and showed that the physical-chemical properties of the soils obviously changed due to the different farming styles used by each individual farmer.

TL;DR: Based on data from two subcontinental-scale geochemical mapping projects, it is shown that trying to define 'a background' for a large area is fraught with problems and that background may change from area to area within a region and between regions.

TL;DR: The development of source fingerprinting techniques are reviewed, several examples of their application in UK catchments are presented and the need for future development of the approach and the potential for extending its application are discussed.

TL;DR: Evidence from the current literature is presented that addresses either of two questions: 1) do EDCs in the aquatic environment have the potential to impact the reproductive health and survival of various fish species, and 2) are EDCsInThe aquatic environment actually impacting the reproductivehealth and sustainability of indigenous populations of fish?

TL;DR: Sensitivity analyses indicated that the removal of net recharge, soil media and topography causes large variation in vulnerability index, and net recharge and hydraulic conductivity were found to be more effective in assessing aquifer vulnerability than assumed by the DRASTIC model.

TL;DR: The food web behavior of THg and delta15N appears constant, regardless of trophic state (eutrophic vs. oligotrophic), latitude (Arctic vs. tropical) or salinity (marine vs. freshwater) of the ecosystem.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a broad range of xenobiotic compounds occurring in leachate can be linked to HHW but further work is required to assess whether such compounds pose a risk to the environment and human health as a result of leakage/seepage or through treatment and discharge.

TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of female hormones, 17β-estradiol and estrone, was determined in effluents of 18 selected municipal treatment plants across Canada, and the removal efficiency compared to the operational characteristics of the plants.

TL;DR: This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997 to lead to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota.

TL;DR: Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is considered here as a 'model persistent organic pollutant' and the balance between primary and secondary sources in maintaining ambient levels, and its ultimate sinks in the environment.

TL;DR: Wind direction was found to have an influence not only on pollutant concentrations but also on the correlation between pollutants, and the pollutants associated with traffic were at highest ambient concentration levels when wind speed was low.

TL;DR: The HCHs provide an elegant example of how hemispheric-scale solvent switching processes can alter the ocean into which an HCH congener partitions, how air-water partitioning controls the pathway for H CHs entering the Arctic, and how the various pathways impact spatial and temporal trends of HCH residues in arctic animals feeding out of marine and terrestrial foodwebs.

TL;DR: The aim of this work was to estimate, on the basis of soil extraction procedures, whether a given soil is suitable for cultivation of plants used as food or feed, and to develop an extraction procedure that would represent the content of metal available to plants during growing season.

TL;DR: The overall results seem to confirm that no direct cause-effect relationships can be derived between the changes of a soil in response to a given factor and both the variations of the activity and the behaviour of the enzymes in soil.

TL;DR: Photoproducts of Naproxen were more toxic than the parent compounds both for acute and chronic values, while genotoxic and mutagenic effects were not found and suggested the opportunity to consider derivatives in ecotoxicology assessment of drugs.

TL;DR: This critical review introduces a template that links phosphorus sources and mobilisation processes to the delivery of P to receiving waters where deleterious impact is of concern and describes the entire process in terms of a 'P transfer continuum' to emphasise the interdisciplinary and inter-scale nature of the problem.

TL;DR: The Northern Contaminants Program (NCP) baseline monitoring project was established in 1992 to monitor for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Arctic air and results obtained in the past 5 years are summarized.

TL;DR: A comparison of the data with results from human biomonitoring studies reveals that only a small portion of intake takes place via the air and dust paths, and the result is strongly dependent on the particle size distribution used for analysis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that current granular measures of spawning and incubation habitat quality do not satisfactorily describe the complexity of factors influencing incubation success and casts doubt over the ability of current catchment-based land use management strategies to adequately reduce fine sediment inputs.

TL;DR: Identification of bacteria isolated from mud samples by DNA analyzer shows that Bacillus and Vibrio are predominant among bacteria resistant to the antibiotics, and indicates that these antibiotics in media degraded more rapidly due to the presence of resistant bacteria.

TL;DR: De novo protein synthesis of the test antioxidant enzymes in the cytosolic compartment of the cell as a result of exposure to the heavy metals is suggested.

TL;DR: The potential application of phage techniques in wastewater treatment systems to improve effluent and sludge emissions into the environment is discussed.

TL;DR: Thallium remaining in the all the batch sorption solutions, as determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and differential pulse anodic stripping voltametry (DPASV), was completely labile, which may have important environmental consequences.

TL;DR: The results of the study indicate that L. gibba can be a preliminary bioindicator for arsenic transfer from substrate to plants and might be used to monitor the transfer of arsenic from lower to higher trophic levels in the abandoned mine sites.