Showing papers in "Science in 1945"

The marine algae of california

Abstract: Some people may be laughing when looking at you reading in your spare time. Some may be admired of you. And some may want be like you who have reading hobby. What about your own feel? Have you felt right? Reading is a need and a hobby at once. This condition is the on that will make you feel that you must read. If you know are looking for the book enPDFd marine algae of california as the choice of reading, you can find here.

Production of immunity to dengue with virus modified by propagation in mice

Abstract: It has been demonstrated that dengue virus can be propagated by intracerebral inoculation in mice. Although initial adaptation to the mouse is a tedious and difficult process, 16 consecutive passages have been achieved already in one series and further passages are in progress. The virus propagated in mice produced dengue in human volunters, but was not pathogenic for cotton rats, hamsters, guinea pigs or rabbits. Although it was evident that even after 2 serial passages in mice the virus produced a modified type of disease in human beings, tests with the 7th, 9th and 10th passage material indicated that the modification had become so marked that it could be used as a vaccine for the production of immunity against dengue.

Bacitracin: A New Antibiotic Produced by a Member of the B. subtilis Group

Abstract: A new antibiotic "bacitracin" has been recovered from a strain of the B. subtilis group of organisms. It is neutral, water-soluble, non-toxic and relatively heat stable. In vitro it is active chiefly against Grampositive organisms, but the gonococcus and meningococcus are susceptible to its action. It is also active in vivo against experimentally produced hemolytic streptococcal infections in mice and gas gangrene infections in guinea pigs. Clinical use in hemolytic streptococcal and staphylococcal infections in man have given encouraging results.

Science, the endless frontier.

Abstract: The classic case for why government must support science—with a new essay by physicist and former congressman Rush Holt on what democracy needs from science today Science, the Endless Frontier is recognized as the landmark argument for the essential role of science in society and government’s responsibility to support scientific endeavors. First issued when Vannevar Bush was the director of the US Office of Scientific Research and Development during the Second World War, this classic remains vital in making the case that scientific progress is necessary to a nation’s health, security, and prosperity. Bush’s vision set the course for US science policy for more than half a century, building the world’s most productive scientific enterprise. Today, amid a changing funding landscape and challenges to science’s very credibility, Science, the Endless Frontier resonates as a powerful reminder that scientific progress and public well-being alike depend on the successful symbiosis between science and government. This timely new edition presents this iconic text alongside a new companion essay from scientist and former congressman Rush Holt, who offers a brief introduction and consideration of what society needs most from science now. Reflecting on the report’s legacy and relevance along with its limitations, Holt contends that the public’s ability to cope with today’s issues—such as public health, the changing climate and environment, and challenging technologies in modern society—requires a more capacious understanding of what science can contribute. Holt considers how scientists should think of their obligation to society and what the public should demand from science, and he calls for a renewed understanding of science’s value for democracy and society at large. A touchstone for concerned citizens, scientists, and policymakers, Science, the Endless Frontier endures as a passionate articulation of the power and potential of science.

Growth-retarding effect of corn in nicotinic acid-low rations and its counteraction by tryptophane

Abstract: Either 50 mg 1(-)tryptophane or 1.0 mg nicotinic acid per 100 gms of ration completely counteracts the growth retardation caused by the inclusion of 40 per cent. corn grits in a low protein ration. A possible explanation of this observation is discussed.

Chemistry of penicillin

Abstract: THIS brief summary of results obtained by British and American chemists, issued under the joint auspices of the Committee on Medical Research (Office of Scientific Research and Development, Washington) and the Medical Research Council (London), is a preliminary notice of the principal findings secured up to the end of 1944 in a collaborative effort of a large number of investigators, unnamed at present. It implies some corrections of published data; authors of early publications are among those who have cleared up these points. For the sake of clearness, the account is not given in chronological order of development. The primary object of this communication is to disclose significant facts which have been confirmed by unequivocal synthesis and to record a few essential points which are still matter for conjecture. Full details will be disclosed at a later stage, together with an account of experiments not referred to in this report.

On the occurrence, sites and modes of origin and destruction, of principles affecting the compensatory vascular mechanisms in experimental shock.

Abstract: On the Occurrence, Sites and Modes of Origin and Discussion: Destruction, of Principles Affecting the CompensaBiology in the Premedical Curriculum: PROFESSoR tory Vascular Mechanism in Experimental Shock: VIKToR HAMBURGER. Suppression of Vital Data: DR. EPHRAIM SHORR, DR. BENJAMIN W. ZWEIPACH PRoFESSoR D. L. THOMSON and PROFESSOR H. E. and DR. ROBERT F. FuICHGoTT .......................... ..... 489 Honp. The Yale Cycadeoids: PROFESsOR G. R. ....................1.... ......... 511

The white dwarfs.

Abstract: White dwarfs have been known for slightly more than fifty years; with their planet-like diameters, and stellar-like masses their densities are enormously much higher than those of ‘normal’ stars. They thus appear to represent a state of matter totally unknown and possibly unattainable on earth.

Electron shadow micrography of the tobacco mosaic virus protein.

Abstract: Two improvements are described in the use of shadow electron micrography for the observation of particles of macromolecular dimensions. One involves the substitution of gold for chromium as shadowing metal. The thinner gold film that can be employed gives a truer representation of the shape of particles so small that shape and size are significantly altered by the thickness of the shadowing metal deposited on them. The other consists in metal-shadowing small particles deposited on a very smooth surface such as that of polished glass and the handling of this metal film as a replica of the glass surface and the particles resting on it. This technique permits the photography of particles whose direct observation is disturbed by the fine structure that is brought out by shadowing a collodion substrate. Application of these methods to the electron micrography of the tobacco mosaic virus protein shows that its fibrils are rods about 125A both in height and breadth. Though the rods appear segmented, these segments have not been found to have a length that is constant or a small integral multiple of an underlying unit.