Showing papers in "Scientia Horticulturae in 1998"

TL;DR: The relationship between salinity and mineral nutrition of horticultural crops are extremely complex and a complete understanding of the intricate interactions involved would require the input from a multidisciplinary team of scientists.

TL;DR: The salt tolerance of vegetables has been condensed and reported in a uniform format based on the best available data and how different measurements of salinity in solution cultures, sand cultures, and field studies can be reconciled to a common basis.

TL;DR: The effects of salinity on tomato plant growth and fruit production, the cultural techniques which can be applied to alleviate the deleterious effects of salt, and the possibilities of breeding salt-tolerant tomatoes are reviewed.

TL;DR: The strong features of explanatory crop growth models are the simulation of light interception and gross photosynthesis, while the weak features are the Simulation of leaf area development, maintenance respiration, organ abortion, DM content and product quality.

TL;DR: It is proposed that targeting of different compatible solutes to different subcellular locations, and to different organs for different purposes can lead to additive increases in plant stress tolerance.

TL;DR: In this article, the role of root anatomy and morphology in relation to pathways of water and ion uptake, and concepts of cellular ion transport in citrus roots are reviewed, and the extent of recycling of Na+ back to the root is unknown in citrus.

TL;DR: It is very likely that non-selective cation channels that are sensitive to external Ca2+ will be present in root membranes of horticultural plants, and sufficient background information is identified to identify targets for study on horticulture plants.

TL;DR: Elevated CO 2 may not provide the anticipated decrease in water-use, decrease in leaf salt concentration, and increase in fixed carbon available for re-allocation: factors that might enhance crop performance under salinity stress and if these benefits are not realised then elevated atmospheric CO 2 will exacerbate rather than moderate the problems of secondary salinity in agriculture.

TL;DR: An overview of the wide range of spatial model categories, including both empirical and causal (mechanistic) models is presented, an emphasis is put on L-systems and their extensions, viewed as a unifying framework for spatial model construction.

TL;DR: The response of plant photosynthetic capacity to leaf nitrogen status is extremely rapid and the role of nitrogen in regulating photosynthesis seems to hold for a large number of species, so it appears possible to introduce nitrogen regulation on leaf photosynthesis, thus allowing better simulations of plant growth under nitrogen limiting conditions.

TL;DR: Water relations models are essential components of all crop models because of the critical role that water status has in determining growth, productivity, and produce quality as mentioned in this paper, and they can be used to investigate the optimal plant responses in water limited situations.

TL;DR: Transgenic plants expressing HAL1 exhibited an improved salt tolerance under `in vitro' culture conditions and TPS1 exhibited several morphological alterations and enhanced salt and drought tolerance.

TL;DR: Changes in the activities of these enzymes were related to growth and development of apple flower and fruit.

TL;DR: The absolute content of Ca2+ irrespective of growth rate is regarded less meaningful in respect of tipburn development, mainly if perturbations of membranes by supraoptimal levels of GA are to be prevented.

TL;DR: The data suggest that growth and yield reductions as well as leaf chloroses of tomato plants grown under continuous light are possibly explained by starch and sugar accumulation due to leaf limitations rather than a sink limitation.

TL;DR: In this article, S-methyl (Me), S-2-propenyl (allyl, Al)-, and S-probenyl (Pe)- l -cysteine sulfoxides (CSO) were determined from eight Allium species plants using high performance liquid chromatography after dansyl-Cl derivatization.

TL;DR: The data show that the interaction between scion and rootstock with regard to production performance under water deficits may be an important consideration in vineyard planting strategies.

TL;DR: S. megalanthus was found to be more sensitive to high light flux density and better adapted to deep shade than H. polyrhizus, as judged from the more marked decrease in both nocturnal acid accumulation and in the concentrations of chlorophyll and carotenoids under full sunlight in the former species.

TL;DR: A major achievement of crop modelling in horticulture has been a significant increase of communication (in terms of concepts and modelling tools) in a field where the high diversity of species and cultivation systems can be an obstacle.

TL;DR: The anatomy of normal and hyperhydric leaves of Dianthus caryophyllus plantlets regenerated from leaves was compared using scanning electron microscope and X-ray microanalysis, showing a hypertrophy of the cells and larger intercellular spaces.

TL;DR: It was found that raising the humidity generally slightly increased the shoot length, while time until flowering was slightly reduced at the longest lighting period and increased at the two shorter lighting periods, and the water-loss curves of detached leaves from shoots grown at 65% RH showed slight differences between the different lighting periods.

TL;DR: In this paper, in vitro-grown cultures of banana (Musa spp, AAA Group cv Highgate) were treated with various concentrations of the mutagens sodium azide, diethyl sulphate, and ethyl methanesulphonate to evaluate their effectiveness in inducing mutations and also with the aim of producing variants tolerant to the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f sp cubense.

TL;DR: Results indicate that `Delicious' fruits could be a useful model in the research on anthocyanin synthesis and gene expression in apples.

TL;DR: The implications in the mechanism of the incompatibility in the early steps of graft establishment have been reviewed with the aim of providing a framework for an early detection of incompatible grafts to increase the efficiency in rootstock breeding.

TL;DR: The sequential anatomical changes during the rooting process were similar in both root induction treatments and in the acclimatization stage, 100% survival was obtained with microplants with ex vitro-developed roots, compared to only 50% for microplant with in vitro- developed roots.

TL;DR: One cultivar with excellent longevity in air was also almost insensitive to exogenous ethylene, and indicates the potential for a breeding approach to increasing postharvest longevity of these plants.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1 H-MRI) to investigate post-harvest amelioration in ''Fuji'' apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) and found that the proportion of watercore-affected tissue decreased linearly with time, irrespective of disorder pattern.

TL;DR: In this paper, the physicochemical characteristics of one of the most commonly used chemical inert substrates ''rockwool'' is investigated, using a pigmented nutrient solution, and the flow patterns occurring in rockwool slabs under both laboratory and practical situations are investigated.

TL;DR: The use of stigma exsertion and antheridial cone splitting as criteria for selecting against fruit-set at high temperature may be misleading and these characteristics alone should not be used for selecting for heat tolerance in tomato.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the use of models in practice will only increase if the models deal with problems faced by the decision makers and if it becomes obvious to the farmers that they can derive answers to their problems on a more efficient way using specific models.