Showing papers in "Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology in 2014"

TL;DR: These microRNA-lncRNA regulatory paradigms modulate gene expression patterns that drive major cellular processes which are central to mammalian physiologic and pathologic processes.

TL;DR: The functional information that has been obtained from the knock out of the androgen receptor from specific cell types in the testis and the genes found to be regulated after altering testosterone levels or androgens receptor expression are reviewed.

TL;DR: Some of the key proteins defining the tight junction and general themes of their organization are reviewed with the perspective that much will be learned about function by characterizing the detailed architecture and subcompartments within the junction.

TL;DR: The current understanding of the organization and functions of the endocytic pathway, differences across species, and the process of endosome maturation are summarized.

TL;DR: It is clear that mTOR and autophagy are closely integrated within cells, where defects in signalling through both pathways are known to drive the onset of a range of human diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative disease.

TL;DR: Targeting RIP1 kinase may provide therapeutic benefits for the treatment of human diseases characterized by necrosis and inflammation.

TL;DR: This work reviews the growing knowledge of cellular mTOR regulation by diverse upstream signals and how mTORC1 integrates these signals to effect appropriate downstream signaling, with a greater emphasis on m TORC1 over mTOC2.

TL;DR: This review gives an overview on the properties of tight junction proteins featuring selective permeability, and in this context explains how these proteins induce or aggravate diseases.

TL;DR: The signaling pathways, pathophysiological relevance and therapeutic implications of the major molecular cascades that underlie RN are reviewed, highlighting the degree of interconnectivity that characterizes RN.

TL;DR: Regulation of spermatogenesis in primates appears to be similar to that in rodents although the role of FSH may be greater and understanding of the mechanisms by which these hormones act to regulate this process is still lacking.

TL;DR: Transport between endocytic organelles involves microtubule and actin based molecular motors and transport of endosomes to and from the cell cortex requires transfer between actin and microtubules.

TL;DR: This work has shown that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a protein kinases which is activated by nutrients, anabolic hormones and oncogenic signaling pathways, and can thus coordinate stimuli which promote ribosome production with the various steps involved in this process.

TL;DR: The evidence that the blood-testis-barrier (BTB)/Sertoli cell (SC) barrier along with the SCs ability to modulate the immune response is vital for protecting auto-antigenic germ cells is reviewed.

TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding the molecular determinants of barrier function and events responsible for regulation, and dysregulation, of tight junction permeability are reviewed.

TL;DR: A better understanding of the roles and regulation of Sertoli cells in SSC biology and spermatogenesis would make it feasible to identify novel targets for gene therapy of male infertility as well as seek more efficient and safer strategies for male contraception.

TL;DR: The expanding role of SMN in the regulation of gene expression through its multiple functions in RNP assembly is reviewed and advances in the understanding ofSMN activity as a chaperone of RNPs are discussed and how disruption of SMn-dependent RNA pathways can cause motor neuron disease are discussed.

TL;DR: The review brings together data from microscopy studies and genetically modified mouse models, and reveals that the regulation of microtubule dynamics is essential for male fertility.

TL;DR: This review describes the regulation of spermatogenesis taking into consideration the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis, the male reproductive organs and the endocrine and paracrine factors involved in the control of sperm production and the release of androgens and proposes a hypothetical "ancient" model.

TL;DR: This review reevaluate the information gained from classic epithelial-mesenchymal tissue recombination experiments in light of current molecular knowledge, and place special emphasis on the signaling pathways that mediate tissue interactions, and attempt to link the signaling outputs to changes in cellular behavior that ultimately shape the developing organ.

TL;DR: How the TGF-β superfamily ligands signal to the chromatin to regulate transcription during development is reviewed, finding that Smad-mediated transcriptional responses are influenced by the presence of master transcription factors, interaction with other signal-induced factors, as well as by the general chromatin remodeling machinery.

TL;DR: This review briefly describes the gene organization and tissue distribution of EGF, with emphasis on its biological and pathological roles in human diseases.

TL;DR: This review will present the last methodological advances for in vivo necroptosis identification and discuss past and recent data to provide an update of the so-called "necroptotic-associated pathologies".

TL;DR: The literature concerning past and current studies that have utilized mouse genetic models, combined with other approaches to dissect the molecular and cellular composition of the hair follicle niche are reviewed.

TL;DR: Deregulated epiregulin activity appears to contribute to the progression of a number of different malignancies, including cancers of the bladder, stomach, colon, breast, lung, head and neck, and liver, and the elements of the EGF/ErbB signaling network that lie downstream of epireGulin appear to be good targets for therapeutic intervention.

TL;DR: The concepts of the GLI code, the oncogenic load, the context-dependency of GLI action, and different modes of signaling integration such as that of HH and EGF are highlighted.

TL;DR: The current understanding of how GPCR-regulated mechanisms important in Hh signaling may provide therapeutic strategies against the Hh pathway that plays important roles in development, regeneration and cancer is reviewed.

TL;DR: This review will focus on research on mouse submandibular gland development and the translation of this basic research toward therapy for patients suffering from salivary hypofunction.

TL;DR: This work reviews the known situations in which the dynamics of DNA replication is distorted and discusses how replication stress drives genome instability and to what extent it is relevant to cancer biology.

TL;DR: This work attempts to give a comprehensive overview of the key signalling events associated with both canonical and non-canonical Hedgehog signalling, and highlights the increasingly complex regulatory modalities that appear to link Hedgehog and control metabolism.

TL;DR: This review discusses the recent contributions of the analysis of zebrafish vascular development on how vessels establish their characteristic morphology and become patent and focuses on the morphogenetic cellular behaviors as well as the molecular mechanisms that drive these processes in the developing zebra fish embryo.