Showing papers in "Sleep Medicine in 2016"

TL;DR: The concept of race/ethnicity in biomedical research is contextualized and the potential role of socioeconomic position in the patterning of sleep is introduced, and future research directions to address this issue are proposed.

TL;DR: Existing studies demonstrate consistent evidence that discrimination is associated with poorer sleep outcomes, and this evidence base can be strengthened with additional prospective studies that incorporate objectively measured aspects of sleep.

TL;DR: Findings establish self-reported extreme sleep duration as a risk factor for cognitive aging as well as cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies revealed the significant long-term impact of short and long sleep on multiple-domain performance only.

TL;DR: Treatment of existing augmentation should be initiated, where possible, with the elimination/correction of extrinsic exacerbating factors (iron levels, antidepressants, antihistamines, etc.).

TL;DR: It can be affirmed that sleep deprivation induces a state of increased anxiety, with similar results also in the case of total sleep deprivation; however, results in more specific experimental conditions are not definitive.

TL;DR: T1D was associated with poorer sleep and high prevalence of OSA, and poor sleep quality, shorter sleep duration, and OSA were associated with suboptimal glycemic control in T1D patients.

TL;DR: The results of the work by a joint task force of the International and European Restless Legs Syndrome Study Groups and World Association of Sleep Medicine that revised and updated the current standards for recording and scoring leg movements (LM) in polysomnographic recordings (PSG) are presented.

TL;DR: Differences in sleep characteristics by race/ethnicity are apparent in a sample of adults with a low probability of sleep apnea and following adjustment for known confounders.

TL;DR: The present article reviews the meta-analytic evidence along with recent epidemiological, community, and clinical studies to clarify what is known and not known about sleep differences between black and white adults and proposes a conceptual model of potential mediators for future testing.

TL;DR: Severe obstructive sleep apnea was associated with greater risk of incident diabetes, independent of adiposity in a community-based sample, and healthcare professionals should be cognizant of the high prevalence of OSA in the general population and the potential link to incident diabetes.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether a similar benefit could be accrued following acoustic stimulation during an afternoon nap and evaluated the event-related dynamics of associated EEG spectral changes and their correlation with memory performance.

TL;DR: In this paper, a growing body of literature supports substantial racial disparities in the prevalence, risk factors, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that CPAP treatment is feasible in non-sleepy, moderate-to-severe OSA patients and predicts good CPAP adherence by greater OSA severity as measured by both the AHI and TC90 and by the presence of hypertension at baseline in patients with higher AHI levels.

TL;DR: Available evidence suggests that the associations between sleep characteristics and cardiovascular risk vary by risk factor, and it is time to conduct studies to determine antecedent and consequent relationships, and to expand risk factors to include markers of inflammation.

TL;DR: In 2011, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a workshop, bringing together sleep and health disparities investigators, to identify research gaps and opportunities to advance sleep andhealth disparities science.

TL;DR: The evidence suggests that daytime sleepiness possibly relates to the domain and extent of cognitive impairments in OSA, and CPAP therapy has little effect on the improvement of cognitive deficits in Osa patients without EDS.

TL;DR: Frequency of disturbing dreams with violent and frightening content and vigorous behavioral RBD symptoms was significantly reduced, while residual nocturnal symptoms and an increase in REM-related EMG activities were observed at follow-up.

TL;DR: Participation in the sleep education program was associated with significant improvements in children's sleep and academic performance.

TL;DR: Population-based screening for OSA is recommended in these children, and domiciliary cardiorespiratory polygraphy is an acceptable screening approach, although further research is required to understand the natural history, associated morbidity, optimal screening methodology and treatment modality.

TL;DR: Many experimental and observational studies do support an association between suboptimal sleep and increased cardiometabolic disease risk, including glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, appetite regulation and food intake, and immune function.

TL;DR: Although there was no direct effect on time spent in different sleep states and self-reported sleep onset latency, the use of an iPad which emits blue enriched light impinges acutely on sleepiness and EEG characteristics of sleep pressure, theUse of commercially available tablets may have consequences in terms of alertness, circadian physiology, and sleep.

TL;DR: A review of the current literature on autonomic impairment in common primary sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder, narcolepsy, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder is presented in this article.

TL;DR: The presence of a TV set in the child's bedroom was associated with significant reductions in the quality of young children's sleep and evening exposure to TV was associatedWith significantly worse sleep quality.

TL;DR: Exposure to adversity confers an elevated risk of insomnia and does not appear to be driven by psychiatric disorders, which further support the need for practitioners to screen children for exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia symptoms.

TL;DR: It is suggested that neighborhood disadvantage mediates a portion of race differences in WASO, an important indicator of sleep efficiency.

TL;DR: Using quantitative magnetic susceptibility as an in vivo indicator of brain iron content, the present study supports the general hypothesis of brainIron deficiency in RLS and indicates its possible link to PLMS.

TL;DR: Very low quality evidence suggests that quetiapine does not significantly improve sleep parameters compared with placebo in primary insomnia, despite a trend towards clinical improvements.

TL;DR: Perceptions of neighborhood safety is associated with more favorable self-reported sleep outcomes in six understudied countries, and this general pattern is especially pronounced in China and Russia.

TL;DR: Simple quantitative speech motor measures may be suitable for the reliable detection of prodromal neurodegeneration in subjects with RBD, and therefore may provide important outcomes for future therapy trials.

TL;DR: The risk factor for disturbed sleep was pregnancy-specific stress; however, the protective factor for sleep quality was resilience, which could provide scientific evidence for the development of intervention strategies with which to improve sleep quality in pregnant women.