Showing papers in "Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2004"

TL;DR: The literature suggests that the relationship between clinical pain and insomnia is reciprocal and CBT treatments for pain or insomnia hold promise in reducing pain severity and improving sleep quality.

TL;DR: There is sufficient evidence to warrant future testing of the hypothesis that mild sleep restriction would decrease mortality in long sleepers, and sleep restriction may be most beneficial for older adults, who tend to spend excessive time in bed and have more sleep fragmentation compared with young adults.

TL;DR: The data suggest a mild effect of CBT for sleep problems in older adults, best demonstrated for sleep maintenance insomnia, and exercise, though not appropriate for all in this population, may enhance sleep.

TL;DR: The sleep disturbances of either never-medicated or previously treated schizophrenia patients are characterized by a sleep-onset and maintenance insomnia, and the atypical antipsychotics olanzapine, risperidone, and clozapine significantly increase total sleep time and stage 2 sleep.

TL;DR: The main objectives of this review were to provide pediatric clinicians and researchers a clear and concise summary of published sleep data in children with ADHD, to provide a more accurate description of the current knowledge of the relationship between sleep and ADHD, and to provide current information on the effect of stimulant medication on sleep.

TL;DR: Considering both the medicolegal implications of snoring and OSA and the increasing popularity of MRA, it is recommended that skilled multidisciplinary respiratory and dental personnel form the primary care team.

TL;DR: It is concluded that researchers should design studies that attend to prior sleep history, gender, type of cancer and treatment modalities, and the specific type of sleep problems experienced over the course of diagnosis, treatment, and recovery to improve the patient's quality of life, daytime functioning, and well-being.

TL;DR: Patients treated with benzodiazepine hypnotics or zopiclone should be cautioned when driving a car, and tolerance develops to the impairing effects of hypnotics, but this is a slow process, and impairment may persist.

TL;DR: A model where thermoregulatory changes provide an additional signal to the brain regions that regulate sleep and wakefulness is proposed and attempts to explain how temperature changes before and after sleep onset act in a positive feedback loop to maintain a consolidated sleep bout.

TL;DR: Simultaneous stimulation of NREMS and GH secretion by GHRH may promote adjustment of tissue anabolism to sleep and GABAergic neurons in the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic region are candidates for mediating promotion of N REMS by G HRH.

TL;DR: At present data are not sufficient for justifying the use of isolated nocturnal oxygen therapy in COPD patients withNocturnal desaturation but with mild daytime hypoxaemia (PaO2 > 60 mmHg), and conventional O2 therapy plusnocturnal non-invasive ventilation in some patients with marked hypercapnia is recommended.

TL;DR: The panel concluded that insomnia may be an epidemiological marker for a variety of difficulties including accidents, increased health care utilization and subsequent development of major depression.

TL;DR: Various treatment options in the management of patients presenting with insomnia and depression are reviewed, including single agents, combination strategies and behavioral interventions.

TL;DR: The available stock of self-report measures have a substantial heterogeneity in their formats, foci, scopes, and other attributes as discussed by the authors, and while there may be benefits from using specially tailored questionnaires in particular circumstances, in other cases the information quality of a study will be downgraded by poor choice of questionnaires.

TL;DR: It appears that undiagnosed sleep apnea leads to a roughly two-fold increase in medical expenses in the years preceding the diagnosis and that treating the disease (once it is diagnosed) results in a decrease in these excess costs.

TL;DR: Observations about sleep and anesthesia provide new research directions for understanding sleep regulation and generation, and suggest the possibility of new clinical therapies both for patients with sleep disturbances and for sleep deprived patients receiving anesthesia.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that the reported executive deficits in sleep apnea patients should be regarded as tentative, and that more case-controlled studies are needed using fine-grained analyses to parcel complex cognitive abilities into their subcomponents.

TL;DR: This review emphasises the importance of the thalamically projecting brainstem activating systems in the orchestration of the transitions that give rise to state progression across the sleep-wake cycle.

TL;DR: Sleep research on eating disorders has addressed the effects of chronic starvation in anorexia nervosa and of rapidly fluctuating eating patterns in bulimia nervosa on the sleep regulating processes and the search for a significant neurobiological relationship between eating disorders and major depression.

TL;DR: Identification of patients with OSA forewarns the anaesthetist of potential difficulty with airway maintenance intra- and postoperatively, influencing choice of anaesthetic technique and postoperative nursing environment.

TL;DR: The studies that have been undertaken in good sleepers and in patients using functional neuroimaging methodologies are reviewed and how these data can inform a research agenda aimed at describing the neuropathophysiology of insomnia are discussed.

TL;DR: Several areas of clinical relevance are described, including the effects of discontinuing combined hormone therapy (estrogen plus progesterone) or estrogen-only therapy, the possibility of hot flashes continuing for many years after menopause, and the link between hot flashes and depression.

TL;DR: It is concluded that effective insomnia management holds promise as a cost-effective health care intervention, however, the CEA models that eventually may support this hypothesis will require accurate measures of direct and indirect costs, health state utility in treated and untreated insomnia, and prevalence data based on widely-accepted case definitions.

TL;DR: Until adequately powered randomised-controlled trials confirm long-term efficacy and safety, the recommendation of wakefulness promoters in healthy adults cannot be justified.

TL;DR: A review of the scientific literature clarifies several chronobiological features of dreaming and supports the conclusions that dreaming 'intensity' and, to a lesser extent dream-like quality, is modulated by a sinusoidal, 90-min ultradian oscillation and a 12-h circasemidian rhythm.

TL;DR: A variety of medications representing several major drug classes improve cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy, including aminergic reuptake inhibitors such as venlafaxine and clomipramine as well as sodium oxybate.

TL;DR: A detailed description of the mechanisms underlying sleep disordered breathing in patients with cystic fibrosis, what is known regarding its effects upon daytime function and current treatment options are provided.

TL;DR: The authors discuss the pros and cons of various different options in order to help physicians make a choice based on local priorities on the management of simple snoring.

TL;DR: There seems to be some consistency regarding a slight sleep-promoting effect and an increase of the alpha power of the sleep EEG induced by high-frequency EMFs, but further research is needed for a better understanding of the interaction between EMFs and the sleep process.

TL;DR: To categorize insomnia as either psychiatric or medically based risks oversimplification of the complexities of sleep disruption in the elderly, normal senescence-related changes in sleep architecture and circadian rhythms must be considered, as well as the frequent medical comorbidities that may affect sleep.