Showing papers in "Social Psychology Quarterly in 1989"
TL;DR: The authors found that medical students learn to manage the inappropriate feelings they have in situations of clinical contact with the human body, but two years of participant observation revealed that the subject of "emotion management" is taboo.
Abstract: Professionals are not supposed to feel desire or disgust for their clients, and they presumably begin to learn "affective neutrality" in professional school. Medical students learn to manage the inappropriate feelings they have in situations of clinical contact with the human body, but two years of participant observation revealed that the subject of "emotion management" is taboo. Yet the culture of medicine that informs teaching also includes a hidden curriculum of unspoken rules and resources for dealing with unwanted emotions. Students draw on aspects of their training to manage their emotions. Their emotion management strategies include transforming the patient or the procedure into an analytic object or event, accentuating the comfortable feelings that come from learning and practicing "real medicine," empathizing with patients or blaming them, joking, and avoiding sensitive contact. By relying upon these strategies, students reproduce the perspective of modern Western medicine and the kind of doctor-patient relationship it implies.
434 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was hypothesized that the degree of intention formation moderates the way in which attitudes influence behavior, and it was found that intention formation can be manipulated by facilitating or disrupting the process of intention forming in a field experiment.
Abstract: It was hypothesized that the degree of intention formation moderates the way in which attitudes influence behavior. Degree of intention formation ― how well-formed intentions are ― was manipulated by facilitating or disrupting the process of intention formation in a field experiment
289 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a modele conceptuel que permet de ne plus confondre l'influence interpersonnelle avec lattraction selective and l'environnement partage.
Abstract: Les auteurs presentent un modele conceptuel qui permet de ne plus confondre l'influence interpersonnelle avec l'attraction selective et avec l'environnement partage. Ce modele est teste sur 72 paires d'adolescents incarceres, ce qui permet d'etudier differents types d'influence
225 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, le donnees provenant d'echantillons nationaux representatifs (enquetes de 1972 and 1976) permettent le test of three hypotheses: "hypothese de similarite", "hypothesis de saillance" and "hypotehetse de densite sociale" for rendre compte de l'identification.
Abstract: Cet article porte sur l'analyse empirique des facteurs qui conduisent a «s'identifier avec» ou a «se sentir proche» d'un groupe social. Les donnees provenant d'echantillons nationaux representatifs (enquetes de 1972 et 1976) permettent le test de 3 hypotheses: «hypothese de similarite», «hypothese de saillance» et «hypothese de densite sociale» pour rendre compte de l'identification
150 citations
TL;DR: A l'aide de deux etudes, les auteurs testent les predictions derivees d'une theorie qui propose que les jugements a propos des causes d'un probleme social ne proviennent pas seulement de facteurs cognitifs ou motivationnels, mais sont le resultat de la socialisation dans une culture particuliere as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A l'aide de deux etudes, les auteurs testent les predictions derivees d'une theorie qui propose que les jugements a propos des causes d'un probleme social ne proviennent pas seulement de facteurs cognitifs ou motivationnels, mais sont le resultat de la socialisation dans une culture particuliere. Les resultats plaident en faveur d'un interet plus grand des theories des processus attributionnels pour «le social» au sens large
143 citations
TL;DR: This article studied the changes in the self-esteem of college athletes that result from their entry into a world of celebrity and glory, drawing on five years of participant-observation research with a college basketball team.
Abstract: This is a study of changes in the selves of college athletes that result from their entry into a world of celebrity and glory. Drawing on five years of participant-observation research with a college basketball team, we discuss athletes' experiences with fame
140 citations
TL;DR: In this article, auteur s'interesse a la facon dont s'installe et dont se gere l'interaction patient-medecin pendant des periodes de douleur et de souffrance.
Abstract: L'auteur s'interesse a la facon dont s'installe et dont se gere l'interaction patient-medecin pendant des periodes de douleur et de souffrance. L'analyse de fragments d'enregistrements video de consultations medicales permet d'aboutir a des premieres conclusions en particulier en ce qui concerne la revelation de la douleur
125 citations
TL;DR: In this article, auteur tente d'expliquer pourquoi l'on constate des effets differentiels du sexe on la performance scolaire a l'aide d'une enquete menee sur 1688 sujets âges de 11 a 13 ans.
Abstract: L'auteur tente d'expliquer pourquoi l'on constate des effets differentiels du sexe sur la performance scolaire a l'aide d'une enquete menee sur 1688 sujets âges de 11 a 13 ans. Les resultats montrent que l'explication a priori fournie jusqu'alors (differences dans l'identification au role sexuel) repose sur des bases empiriques serieuses mais que cette explication n'est pas suffisante
107 citations
TL;DR: Brown et al. as discussed by the authors found that Ss with higher private self-consciousness behaved more in terms of their social identity, displayed ingroup loyalty, and preserved ingroup distinctiveness, whereas Ss had higher public SCN tended to behave in a more socially desirable way.
Abstract: Self-awareness theory characterizes group behavior as resulting from a loss of self-regulation and lowered accountability, while social identity theory characterizes group behavior as highly regulated in terms of the self-concept as a group member. Data from an experiment with 182 12–13 yr olds on the effects of intergroup similarity and goal relations (R. J. Brown and D. Abrams; see record 1987-12925-001) were reassessed in the light of new data concerning Ss' private and public self-consciousness. Ss completed a self-consciousness (SCN) scale and status and attitude conditions were manipulated. Results reveal that Ss with higher private SCN behaved more in terms of their social identity, displayed ingroup loyalty, and preserved ingroup distinctiveness, whereas Ss with higher public SCN tended to behave in a more socially desirable way.
81 citations
TL;DR: This paper developed a model of the process within the framework of affect control theory and found that expression of appropriate affect can foster positive characterizations of the participants in an event and expression of inappropriate affect instigates condemnation.
Abstract: Emotion displays influence character assessments, as when an offender avoids stigmatization by exhibiting shame over a deviant act. This article develops a model of the process within the framework of affect control theory. Analyses suggest that expression of appropriate affect can foster positive characterizations of the participants in an event and that expression of inappropriate affect instigates condemnation. Emotion displays by an actor influence character assessments most strongly, but emotions displayed by the recipient of action also can alter outcomes.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, auteurs tentent de verifier l'hypothese selon laquelle l'accent dans le langage est un indice de statut utilise for inferer l'identite ethnique du sujet.
Abstract: Les auteurs tentent de verifier l'hypothese selon laquelle l'accent dans le langage est un indice de statut utilise pour inferer l'identite ethnique du sujet. L'experience est menee grâce a 1 groupe d'anglo-australiens et un groupe de grecs-australiens
TL;DR: A cross-cultural analysis of the structure of emotions for comparable samples of Canadian and United States university students was conducted, employing mean ratings on the evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA) dimensions of the semantic differential as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A cross-cultural analysis of the structure of emotions for comparable samples of Canadian and United States university students was conducted, employing mean ratings on the evaluation, potency, and activity (EPA) dimensions of the semantic differential. Within each culture, data also were analyzed by gender. Our results show that despite cross-national and gender differences in affective range and intensity, the structure of emotions is relatively invariant across culture (Canadian and U.S.) and gender. In addition, our findings support and extend conclusions of recent research concerning the dimensionality of the emotions domain, the circumplex model of emotions, and the function of the potency dimension.
TL;DR: Les auteurs etudient dans cet article les composantes affectives et cognitives de l'attitude en politique grâce a des donnees provenant des elections americaines de 1972, 1976, 1980 and 1984.
Abstract: Les auteurs etudient dans cet article les composantes affectives et cognitives de l'attitude en politique grâce a des donnees provenant des elections americaines de 1972, 1976, 1980 et 1984. Les questions posees portent principalement sur la stabilite de ces composantes et sur leur pouvoir de prediction du comportement de vote
TL;DR: Les auteurs s'interessent a la facon dont les emotions transforment les identites sociales dans le but de determiner si le processus de formation des impressions est different selon que l'on utilise des emotions ou des traits.
Abstract: Les auteurs s'interessent a la facon dont les emotions transforment les identites sociales dans le but de determiner si le processus de formation des impressions est different selon que l'on utilise des emotions ou des traits. L'experience rapportee s'attache a montrer que l'on peut predire les impressions a partir de l'emotion et de l'identite
TL;DR: A careful review of Durkheim's writings shows that he also accorded biologically constituted emotions a central place in his theory of social solidarity as mentioned in this paper, and the role of collective interpretation in the social causation of emotions is stressed.
Abstract: Although Durkheim has been called the "architect" of the social constructionist approach to emotions, a careful review of his writings shows that he also accorded biologically constituted emotions a central place in his theory of social solidarity. Human society is created and renewed by the intense arousal that occurs in gatherings and assemblies. Mechanical solidarity is maintained by an instinctive emotional reaction (choler) to the violation of collective sentiments. The division of labor, however, leads to social construction of numerous and diverse emotions, apparently by directing or attaching primary emotions to social objects. Examples of social direction are given in Durkheim's analysis of the depression and anger that motivate suicide. In addition, the role of collective (rather than individual) interpretation in the social causation of emotions is stressed. The cult of the individual, an effect of the division of labor, accounts for the present need for the individual management of emotions.
TL;DR: In this article, a participant observation study of the emotional socialization of disturbed 3 to 5-year-olds in a therapeutic school focused on how children are instructed to interpret their feelings, to identify what emotions are appropriate to feel and display, and to modify their expressive behaviors.
Abstract: This participant observation study of the emotional socialization of disturbed 3to 5-year-olds in a therapeutic schoolfocuses on how children are instructed to interpret their feelings, to identify what emotions are appropriate to feel and display, and to modify their expressive behaviors. Analysis shows that staff members make explicit verbal connections among three aspects of emotional experience-situational stimuli, expressive gestures, and emotion words-to teach children how to identify their feelings; the physiological sensations that accompany different emotions are not mentioned. The interactional context influences the specific verbal connections made for the child; in explaining the child's feelings, situational stimuli and emotion words are linked, but in explaining other people's feelings, expressive gestures and emotion labels are linked. Staff members offer much more elaborate explanations of normative feelings and displays when a child exhibits inappropriate affect or behavior. The results of this analysis help elaborate the "sociocentric model" of emotional socialization which was described by Harris and Olthof.
TL;DR: In this article, auteur veut montrer que l'effet de surattribution (''over attribution'') est invoque de facon trop systematique and qu'il peut etre attenue a la fois par l'interaction entre la complexite attributionnelle des aptitudes and la motivation des sujets ainsi que par linsensibilite des mesures pour l'incertitude des SUJets dans leur attribution.
Abstract: L'auteur veut montrer que l'effet de surattribution («over attribution») est invoque de facon trop systematique et qu'il peut etre attenue a la fois par l'interaction entre la complexite attributionnelle des aptitudes et la motivation des sujets ainsi que par l'insensibilite des mesures pour l'incertitude des sujets dans leur attribution
TL;DR: A l'aide des questionnaires distribues a des etudiants, les auteurs etudient les attributions dans le cas inattendu d'un heros canadien, Ben Johnson apres la perte de sa medaille d'or aux Jeux Olympiques de Seoul pour usage d'anabolisants.
Abstract: A l'aide des questionnaires distribues a des etudiants, les auteurs etudient les attributions dans le cas inattendu d'un heros canadien, Ben Johnson apres la perte de sa medaille d'or aux Jeux Olympiques de Seoul pour usage d'anabolisants. Les resultats sont interpretes a partir du modele de Pyszcznski et Greenberg (1987)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the relationships of two psychological constructs that pertain to many domains of human activity: satisfaction and involvement, and estimate a series of models of job satisfaction and job involvement using data from the 1973-1977 Quality of Employment Survey Panel.
Abstract: This paper explores the relationships of two psychological constructs that pertain to many domains of human activity: satisfaction and involvement. After reviewing the causal relationships between these constructs, we estimate a series of models of job satisfaction and job involvement using data from the 1973-1977 Quality of Employment Survey Panel
TL;DR: In this article, auteur analyse un certain nombre d'incidents between les clients and les benevoles d'une soupe populaire a l'aide de la sociologie des emotions.
Abstract: L'auteur analyse un certain nombre d'incidents ayant eu lieu entre les «clients» et les benevoles d'une soupe populaire a l'aide de la sociologie des emotions. L'expression et la cause de l'«ingratitude» sont tout particulierement discutees
TL;DR: The authors investigates the emotional socialization of children in day care and finds that caregivers often deny the legitimacy of children's emotions through lack of recognition and response, and encourage children to reconstruct their emotions, emphasizing performance or simulation over understanding.
Abstract: This paper investigates the emotional socialization of children in day care. Field notes describing emotional interactions between children and their caregivers illustrate 1) how caregivers often deny the legitimacy of children's emotions through lack of recognition and response; 2) how they encourage children to reconstruct their emotions, emphasizing performance or simulation over understanding; 3) how myth contributes to these practices; and 4) how these practices are influenced by emotional relationships. We elaborate and discuss these themes in the context of postmodernism.
TL;DR: This paper examined sex-specific references to emotion in 54 child re-aring manuals drawn from six distinct eras in child rearing philosophy between 1915 and 1980 and found that the emotions of mothers and of fathers are evaluated quite differently from one another, whereas little if any distinction is drawn between the emotional reactions of sons and of daughters.
Abstract: As part of a larger study of historical changes in popular American beliefs about emotional development, we examined sex-specific references to emotion in 54 child rearing manuals drawn from six distinct eras in child rearing philosophy between 1915 and 1980. Quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed stable, sex-specific patterns of reference to the form and function of emotion. The emotions of mothers and of fathers are evaluated quite differently from one another, whereas little if any distinction is drawn between the emotional reactions of sons and of daughters. Mothers are represented as exhibiting a tendency to be emotional; the expression of this emotion, if it should become "out of control," is construed as a serious threat to the child's achievement of healthy maturity. Fathers are described as having a tendency to respond to their children with less feeling and more "objectivity. " These contrasting representations of maternal and paternal emotion are not simply an artifact of psychoanalytic influence on American theories of child rearing, nor are they related to changes in styles of child rearing. The implications of these beliefs for adult child rearing roles are discussed.
TL;DR: This paper reports three substantive findings from national survey data concerning the relationship between legal approval and moral concern in the abortion dispute.
Abstract: This paper reports three substantive findings from national survey data concerning the relationship between legal approval and moral concern in the abortion dispute
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare the effets des offres d'aide and the offres de cooperation sur l'attraction intergroupes; les results montrent en particulier que les reponses a ces comportements prosociaux sont medialisees par les caracteristiques des comportement and de la relation anterieure qui s'est etablie entre celui qui offre son aide and celui who les recoit.
Abstract: L'etude rapportee dans cet article se propose de comparer les effets des offres d'aide et des offres de cooperation sur l'attraction intergroupes; Les resultats montrent en particulier que les reponses a ces comportements prosociaux sont medialisees par les caracteristiques des comportements et de la relation anterieure qui s'est etablie entre celui qui offre son aide et celui qui les recoit
TL;DR: In this paper, les auteurs proposent 5 etudes dans une situation de cabine telephonique dans le cadre du debat qui porte sur la reaction des sujets occupant temporairement un territoire public devant une intrusion (i.e. fuite ou detresse du territoire).
Abstract: Dans le cadre du debat qui porte sur la reaction des sujets occupant temporairement un territoire public devant une intrusion (i.e. fuite ou detresse du territoire), les auteurs proposent 5 etudes dans une situation de cabine telephonique. Les causes de ces comportements sont egalement discutees
TL;DR: In this article, two etudes sont menees sur des etudiants (1=90 and 1=96) afin d'etudier et de comparer la theorie du marchandage and la theoryie de l'equite for the formation de coalitions.
Abstract: Deux etudes sont menees sur des etudiants (1=90 et 1=96) afin d'etudier et de comparer la theorie du marchandage et la theorie de l'equite pour la formation de coalitions
TL;DR: The authors assess the variability in readers' responses to a published short story and explore whether interpretations of this story are influenced by traditional attributional variables and find that interpretations of the story are strongly influenced by the attributional variable.
Abstract: In this study we assess the variability in readers' responses to a published short story. We also explore whether interpretations of this story are influenced by traditional attributional variables
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between status characteristics and task cues is explored, and cognitive information-processing models apply to simultaneous effects of diffuse status and demonstrated confidence, and the implications of the results for an expanded model of cognitive information processing strategies are discussed.
Abstract: The present study addresses the relationship between status characteristics and task cues. In addition, it explores how cognitive information-processing models apply to simultaneous effects of diffuse status and demonstrated confidence. The implications of the results for an expanded model of cognitive information processing strategies are discussed