Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 1985"

TL;DR: It is argued that from a patient's perspective the issue is more one of self-regulation than compliance, and what appears to be noncompliance from a medical perspective may actually be a form of asserting control over one's disorder.

TL;DR: Data related to AIDS were used to illustrate the potential usefulness of a network approach in evaluating the infectious agent hypothesis when studying a disease or disease outbreak of unknown etiology and in developing strategies to limit the spread of an infectious agent transmitted through personal relationships.

TL;DR: This research sought to quantify the handicapping effect of skin conditions in a far more rigorous way than had previously been attempted and record not only the physical discomfort and inconvenience sufferers may meet but also the consequences for their personal and social life and daily functioning.

TL;DR: An overview of the results of studies into the quality of life (QL) of cancer patients is given and it is suggested that psychological mechanisms may account for the absence of differences between cancer patients and others and may explain the established inconsistencies.

TL;DR: Any widescale intervention aimed at promoting health among Maori people must involve elders and may need to accept alternate goals and methods, relevant to current Maori thinking, though possibly peripheral to established Western health concerns.

TL;DR: Individuals with more generous insurance buy more prescription drugs and the cost-sharing response for drugs is similar to the response for all ambulatory medical services, according to the Rand Health Insurance Experiment.

TL;DR: A theoretical rationale for expecting physician gender to affect the key dimensions of the interactive physician-patient relationship and its outcomes and some methodological suggestions for future research are presented, including the suggestion that future research identify specific conditions under which physician gender effects might be more salient.

TL;DR: It is argued that patient satisfaction is an insufficient measure of the quality of the doctor-patient relationship and evidence suggests that by encouraging patients to take an active role in their health care physicians can increase the effectiveness of their therapeutic activities.

TL;DR: An attempt has been made to tie the concept down more firmly by proposing a strict definition, examining the appropriateness of this definition in determining the CBS status of two new syndromes and analysing the usefulness or not of the basic CBS concept.

TL;DR: Multivariate analysis showed heart knowledge, parental exercise, sex, father's occupation and ethnicity to be significantly related to the overall frequency of exercise.

TL;DR: A series of seven studies investigating biopsychosocial aspects of cutaneous malignant melanoma were conducted by a multidisciplinary group of researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, finding that general activity was correlated positively with greater tumor growth following induction.

TL;DR: A new approach to culture-specific mental disorders through cross-cultural examination of nerves is explored, proposing that nerves be considered a culturally interpreted symptom rather than being culture-bound.

TL;DR: A survey of Brenner's studies concludes that--contrary to what is often claimed--Brenner's analyses do not provide convincing evidence that the social costs of unemployment include premature deaths.

TL;DR: The relative risks of coronary death, myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease are systematically increased for those born landless in East Finland, and variations partly explaining the increased risk were body height and smoking.

TL;DR: The main hypothesis advanced by this model is that the psychological factors described may promote cancer development; the model is offered for investigation.

TL;DR: A pilot study was conducted to explore the nature of communication among clinicians and patients in primary care, and the degree of agreement or disagreement among the three perspectives was analyzed as a model for measuring the extent of communication between clinician and patient.

TL;DR: It is argued that the disorder can be fruitfully understood in the context of one definition of culture-bound syndromes and two contrasting models of the cross-cultural study of psycho-pathology are outlined in order to contextualize the argument in a particular paradigm.

TL;DR: Data support the hypothesis that potency fulfils a tension-bounding function by weakening the association among the components of the coping-stress-health relationship, thus moderating the deleterious effect of occasional failures in coping on homeostasis and health.

TL;DR: It is argued that, through symbolic participation, international agencies had two purposes in mind: the legitimization of low quality care for the poor, also known as primary health; and the generation of much needed support from the masses for the liberal democracies and authoritarian regimes of the region.

TL;DR: A group of patients with repeated visits to an emergency department of a middle-sized Stockholm hospital was studied in 1980 and the repeater group had a heavier load of psycho-social problems than the source population.

TL;DR: The figures for suicide by poisoning with solid and fluid substances show practically no heterogeneity in both, monthly and weekly distributions and are interpreted using Durkheim's concept of 'anomia', drawing an analogy between the days of the week and the months of the year.

TL;DR: It is suggested that not making strong causal attributions may be adaptive for cancer patients and their families.

TL;DR: The findings of this study suggest that when clients perceive that their main goal has been achieved, they tend to attach little importance to deficiencies in the process of achieving it (i.e. the provision of services).

TL;DR: Ways in which adverse effects of stress among student nurses might be alleviated, including improving communication skills, enhancing social support, and the use of stress management techniques, are discussed in the light of this material.

TL;DR: Ethnopharmacological studies in a community of Mayan subsistence farmers in Chiapas, Mexico confirmed that decoctions containing up to 300 mg of dry plant material per kg body weight were widely used and traditionally highly regarded in the treatment of ascariasis, but therapeutic doses of up to 6000 MGKGW of powdered, dried plant had no significant anthelmintic effect on the adults of Necator, Trichuris of Ascaris.

TL;DR: The findings do not provide consistent support for the prediction that marital dissolution has a greater effect on men than on women, and it is type of health problem, severity and stage of greatest risk that varies by gender.

TL;DR: The paper explains the economist's concept of human capital, and uses it to analyse some of the problems raised in the Black Report on inequalities in health, which has great potential in organising and analysing hypotheses concerning health behaviour.

TL;DR: The results show that work loss days may be a useful population statistic in measuring oral health status because of the high prevalence of dental disease, but more sensitive outcome indicators are needed to detect individual differences in the effects of dental conditions on social functioning.