Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 1986"

TL;DR: The paper suggests that the differences are firstly who controls the outcome of technological interventions and the perceived time frame in which plans can be carried out and the policy and practical implications of confusing the two approaches.

TL;DR: It is argued that when exploring the social patterning of health, illness and death, it would be profitable for sociologists to consider several or all of these social positions, and to develop models of general vulnerability to ill-health rather than of specific etiology.

TL;DR: A conceptual sociological approach is developed which relates critical experiences of active distress to impaired long-term control of social status and possible avenues of future research which strengthen cross-fertilization between medical and social sciences are illustrated.

TL;DR: In this article, the observed visits to health care providers are an outcome of patients' health care decision-making process, which is not observable, and the authors first outline this process, and then present patterns of patients" visits to Health care providers in a particular rural area in Kenya.

TL;DR: This paper examines emerging perceptions of health maximization of social optimality and economic efficiency a design for health development and maternal child health and concludes that health is a major pathway to development.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between depressive symptomatology and caseness for a survey sample of N = 1825 poor Mexican immigrant women in San Diego County, California and found statistically significant associations between CES--D and education, years in the United States, income, marital status and number of adults in household.

TL;DR: To reduce both the morbid and mortal consequences of acute CAD it is recommended that the intervention efforts toward warning the public of situational circumstances which contribute to extended self treatment and evaluation during acute episodes of CAD.

TL;DR: It is argued that decision making can be improved by striving towards a more rational approach to the adoption and utilization of health technology and a comprehensive set of guidelines for both clinical and economic evaluation is proposed.

TL;DR: This paper is a review of how geographers and others have used spatial analysis to study disease and health care delivery patterns, as well as map comparisons and relative spaces, and makes suggestions for further use of spatial analytic techniques in medical geography.

TL;DR: This Special Issue of Social Science & Medicine grew out of proceedings at two sessions on 'Beyond Medical Anthropology: A Political Economic Critique of Health' and 'Toward a Critical Medical Anthropology' which signalled a growing recognition that medical anthropology needs a critical analysis of the socio-medical context in which it has emerged.

TL;DR: It is suggested that rather than health factors, the major determinants of this adoption have been political and economical constraints acting upon decision makers exposed to a similar training in public health.

TL;DR: This paper discusses lay care in illness with special reference to research and development in Northern Europe, focusing on two components of lay care: individual self-care in illness and self-help groups.

TL;DR: Gender inequalities in health are studied in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden on the basis of survey data on morbidity and symptoms of anxiety, and of mental hospitalization statistics to find inequality in morbidity by gender is smaller in families with two economical providers than in families where the wife stays at home.

TL;DR: The two-factor conception of well-being developed was found to be a useful framework for investigating positive and negative aspects of psychosocial rehabilitation and appeared to be determinants of different trajectories of adaptation in the wake of a life-threatening illness.

TL;DR: Based upon an analysis of longitudinal data from children in rural Bangladesh, a review of possible behavioral mechanisms which may contribute to higher female than male mortality during childhood in developing countries is presented.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that a low-income practice clientele and high charges were the most significant deterrents to use, followed by absence of Medicaid, distance, limited hours and patient-sharing by physicians.

TL;DR: Data suggest that marital status differences in survival cannot be accounted for by patient delay in seeking treatment for breast cancer symptoms, and that Widowed patients were less likely to survive than married patients.

TL;DR: Evidence of stress responding among the unemployed subjects indicates a biphasic response to loss of control with reactance manifested at early stages of control loss and learned helplessness at later stages.

TL;DR: This article traces health from daily symptoms to death for American (U.S.) men and women in three age groups 17-44, 45-64, 65+.

TL;DR: Physicians and nurses were more antagonistic toward clinical activities in the community than hospital practice setting, and were most antagonistic towards role activities which require independent judgement or autonomous action relevant to patient care on the part of the pharmacist.

TL;DR: It is clear that in Mali, the cultural belief system regarding infant feeding and the variations in implementation of this system reflected in maternal attitudes, play an important role in determining the nutritional status and growth patterns of children, primarily through their effect on diet, and secondarily through their impact on medical care.

TL;DR: Different interpretations are presented of the concepts of health, disease, diagnosis, therapy and patient in three main frames of medical thinking: the pharmaceutical, the integrational and the holistic model.

TL;DR: Following a critical review of the dominant approaches adopted in the varying explanations of heavy drinking and alcoholism, several alternative concepts are presented and developed in order to lay the ground for the emergence of a political-economy of alcoholism.

TL;DR: The study was conducted as part of a national campaign to evaluate the benefits of breast self-examination in the early detection of breast cancer, and the purpose was to test the Health Belief Model of Becker and his colleagues.

TL;DR: Examination of utilization patterns of traditional and modern health services in Indonesia, using household sample survey socio-economic data in conjunction with community-level data on availability of services suggests that both income and availability of Services matter and hence that public services are more important to the poor than to the rich.

TL;DR: The recommendation that researchers should adopt a standard definition of menopause based on the cessation on menses and the contributions which research in the behavioural sciences can make to clinical research and practice was reached.

TL;DR: This paper focuses on nursing assistants' wages, the economic impact of long term care on patients, the passification process of patient life, the invisibility of caring work, and the framing of everyday life into the concepts of capitalist industry.

TL;DR: Patients' functional status improved significantly after 6 months of receiving bi-weekly telephone calls and this was attributed to the TIs being viewed as a source of social support to elderly persons who may have support deficits.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that prevention programs incorporate strategies to maximize peer support for healthful behavior and to counteract the effects of unhealthful behavior modeled by peers.