Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 2010"

TL;DR: The review uncovered a striking and robust negative relationship between internalized stigma and a range of psychosocial variables (e.g., hope, self-esteem, and empowerment) and a lack of longitudinal research in this area of study has inhibited the clinical relevance of findings related tointernalized stigma.

TL;DR: An integrative, sequenced approach to intervention is proposed in which daily stressors are first addressed, and specialized interventions are then provided for individuals whose distress does not abate with the repair of the social ecology.

TL;DR: The debate is attempted to shift the debate from questions about whether poverty is associated with CMD in LMIC, to questions about which particular dimensions of poverty carry the strongest (or weakest) association.

TL;DR: The results show that the relationships of stressful life events with number of health complaints and perceived general health were significantly moderated by amount of green space in a 3-km radius, which supports the notion that green space can provide a buffer against the negative health impact of stressfullife events.

TL;DR: This model correctly classified at least 76% of adults on each of the outcomes studied, and sleep duration was frequently more strongly associated with these health risks than other covariates.

TL;DR: A taxonomy of social activities is proposed that can help distinguish social participation from parallel but different concepts such as participation (levels 1 through 6) and social engagement (levels 5 and 6).

TL;DR: The study found that respondents living closest to the type of green space classified as a Formal park were more likely to achieve the physical activity recommendation and less likely to be overweight or obese.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined depression among men and women aged 18-75 in 23 European countries and found that women report higher levels of depression than men do in all countries, but there is significant cross-national variation in this gender gap.

TL;DR: The Public Health Critical Race praxis (PHCR) aids the study of contemporary racial phenomena, illuminates disciplinary conventions that may inadvertently reinforce social hierarchies and offers tools for racial equity approaches to knowledge production.

TL;DR: Assessing for male reproductive control among women seeking reproductive health services, including antenatal care, health care providers may be able to provide education, care, and counseling to help women protect their reproductive health and physical safety.

TL;DR: It is suggested that this popular management 'technology', with its emphasis on creating value streams and reducing waste, has the potential to transform the social organisation of healthcare work.

TL;DR: It is concluded that it is important not to assume uniform health benefits of urban green space for all population subgroups, and measures that capture quality as well as quantity could be more suited to studying green space and health relationships for women.

TL;DR: It is argued that settlement specific policies and programs can ultimately be effective if embedded within a broader socially inclusive society - one that offers real opportunities for youth with refugee backgrounds to flourish.

TL;DR: SST is adapted for the study of technology programmes, integrating elements from material interactionism and ANT, arguing that the position-practice network can be a socio-technical one in which technologies in conjunction with humans can be studied as 'actants'.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the presence of commercial destinations may inhibit social interaction among local residents unless urban design is used to create convivial pedestrian-friendly commercial areas, e.g., providing street frontage, rather than flat surface parking.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that culture functions both as an anchor for resilience and an anvil of pain, and highlights the relevance of ethnographic work in identifying what matters most in formulating social and public health policies to promote a hopeful future.

TL;DR: It is observed that post-conflict factors such as stigma can play an important role in shaping psychosocial adjustment in former child soldiers, and it is found that discrimination was inversely associated with family and community acceptance and improvements in community acceptance were associated with adaptive attitudes and behaviors.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the scale predicts the incidence of overweight/obesity populations in China, but it promises to be most useful for other economic, demographic, social welfare, and health outcomes.

TL;DR: Examining the extent to which different patterns of violence, abuse, and control were differentially associated with formal and informal help-seeking in a national Canadian sample suggests that research that more sensitively examines people's experiences of violence and control can help identify their health, social, and safety needs; and ultimately better inform the development of programs and services aimed at addressing these needs.

TL;DR: The findings on immigrants from Spain highlight the transitory nature of the 'healthy immigrant effect', and that action on inequality in socio-economic determinants affecting migrant groups should not be deferred.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the association between job insecurity and self-rated health, and whether the relationship differs by country or individual-level characteristics, and found no effect of job insecurity in Belgium and Sweden.

TL;DR: A "negotiated order" perspective was applied to a multi-site setting to articulate the ways in which clinicians' roles, accountabilities and contributions to patient care are shaped by the care setting and are influenced by the management of patient pathways.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that constrained behaviour exhibited by parents may result in lower levels of active transport and of MVPA outside school hours for children and adolescent girls.

TL;DR: It was found that Somali women's health beliefs related closely to situational factors and contrasted sharply with the biological model that drives Western medicine, resulting in divergent expectations regarding treatment and healthcare interactions.

TL;DR: It is suggested that stigmatizing smoking will not ultimately help to reduce smoking prevalence amongst disadvantaged smokers - who now represent the majority of tobacco users - and is likely to exacerbate health-related inequalities by limiting smokers' access to healthcare and inhibiting smoking cessation efforts in primary care settings.

TL;DR: Results showed that perceived stigmatization in one domain was associated with perceived stigma in other domains, and efforts to combat stigmatization of youth with mental health disorders must help family members, peers, and school staff overcome their inclinations to make negative assumptions and discriminate against these youth.

TL;DR: A qualitative study examining the implementation of health promoting schools programs in primary schools in Sydney, Australia confirmed that schools do exhibit most, but not all of the characteristics of social complex adaptive systems, and exhibit significant differences with artificial and natural systems.

TL;DR: Support from family, significant others, friends, or professionals was found to be related to affiliate stigma and psychological well-being differentially and sheds light on possible ways to reduce stigma in future services.

TL;DR: It is found that primary care-focused health initiatives in low- and middle-income countries have improved access to health care, including among the poor, at reasonably low cost and there is also evidence thatPrimary care programs have reduced child mortality and, in some cases, wealth-based disparities in mortality.

TL;DR: It may not be useful to promote a generic range of incentives, such as wages, to improve community health worker programme sustainability, and programmes should ensure that the context-specific expectations of community health workers, programme managers, and policy makers are in alignment if low attrition and high performance are to be achieved.