Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 2011"

TL;DR: Unemployment rates in the United States remain near a 25-year high and global unemployment is rising, and public health initiatives could target unemployed persons for more aggressive cardiovascular screening and interventions aimed at reducing risk-taking behaviors.

TL;DR: Training health sector workers to recognize and respond to the consequences of violence may substantially reduce the health burden associated with suicidal behaviour and mental health policies and services must recognise the consistent relationship between violence and suicidality in women in low and middle income countries.

TL;DR: It is concluded that an appreciation of work undertaken in a range of different disciplines can enhance the understanding of the critical health literacy construct and help to understand its usefulness as a social asset which helps individuals towards a critical engagement with health information.

TL;DR: Examination of racial/ethnic/gender differences in intra-individual change in functional limitations among White, Black and Mexican American Men and Women and the extent to which differences in life course capital account for group disparities in initial health status and rates of change with age highlights the utility of an intersectionality approach to understanding health disparities.

TL;DR: This paper applies a new theoretical framework to HIV disclosure in order to review the current state of the literature, identify gaps in existing research, and highlight the implications of the framework for future work in this area.

TL;DR: Across regions, time, and neighborhood income, older adults living in more walkable neighborhoods had more transport activity and moderate-to- vigorous physical activity and lower body mass index relative to those living in less walkable Neighborhoods.

TL;DR: A strong positive association between the ranked quality of a hospital and whether the CEO is a physician or not is found, consistent with such claims and suggests that this area is now an important one for systematic future research.

TL;DR: Evidence for re-conceptualizingAcculturation status and acculturation process in health care research with United States (U.S.) Latino populations is reviewed and an ecodevelopmental framework for better understanding the process of accULTuration is proposed.

TL;DR: Gender differences in water carrying are considered and data about water access and carrying from 44 countries that participated in the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) program is summarized.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that both critical and consumerist analysts and reformers have crucially misunderstood the role and nature of medicine, and suggest that asymmetry lies at the heart of the medical enterprise: it is founded in what doctors are there for.

TL;DR: Prevention strategies which focus on lower socio-economic strata (more distal risk factors) have the potential to have similar population-level effects as strategies which target more proximal psychiatric risk factors in the prevention and control of suicide.

TL;DR: The objective of this study is to review current measurement issues and valuation methods such as "human capital" and "friction cost" for estimating productivity loss due to illness and proposes a generic measure instead of a disease-specific measure.

TL;DR: This study developed a comprehensive inventory of domains and subdomains for PCC by reviewing relevant literature and theories, interviewing a limited number of cancer patients, and consulting experts, and discusses considerations for developing PCC measures for research, quality assessment, and surveillance purposes.

TL;DR: There is evidence of inequity in enrollment in the NHIS and significant differences in determinants of current and previous enrollment across socio-economic quintiles.

TL;DR: The finding that the initial physical health advantage indicates that it is necessary to reach out to the migrant population and provide equal access to health services in the urban area and the high level of psychological distress suggests that efforts targeting mental health promotion and mental disorder prevention among the migrant Population are an urgent need.

TL;DR: Researchers and decision-makers will benefit from a theoretical approach that conceptualizes trafficking and health as a multi-staged process of cumulative harm.

TL;DR: This work uses data from the Netherlands to investigate the influence of neighborhood social capital on an individual's self-reported health, while accounting for other conditions of health on both the level of the neighborhood and the individual.

TL;DR: The North East Medical Sociology Group is pleased to announce details of the next half day seminar to be held on the afternoon of Wednesday 26 March 2014 at Teesside University, Darlington Campus, with a keynote presentation by Professor Sarah Nettleton.

TL;DR: The findings of the present study stress that future policies concerning the built environment must be based on context-specific evidence, particularly in the light of the fact that neighborhood redevelopments are time-consuming and expensive.

TL;DR: A conceptual framework to relate family companion presence and behaviors during physician visits to the quality of interpersonal health care processes, patient self management and health care is proposed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the associations of childhood socio-economic status (SES) with a wide range of adult mental disorders in the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), a nationally-representative sample of 5692 adults.

TL;DR: It is found that programs that took a comprehensive approach (i.e., incorporated multiple program components, including institutional support) were successful in increasing IPV screening and disclosure/identification rates, and four program components appeared to increase provider self-efficacy for screening.

TL;DR: This paper takes London as a case study to explore why the meanings of cycling might resonate differently across urban, gendered, ethnic and class identities, and argues that the affinities different population groups have for cycling may reflect the locally constituted 'accomplishments' contained in cycling.

TL;DR: It was emotionally and socially risky to be seen to be interested in healthy eating, according to the findings of a qualitative study which explored the meanings and values young people attached to food choices, particularly in school and peer contexts.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that poorer children may have more unstructured time, which they fill with television time but also with outdoor play time; and that children in public housing may be likely to have access to play areas on the grounds of their housing facilities.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the relational nature of aesthetics, defined as the most fundamental connection between people and place, can help guide community designers and health planners when designing environment and policy approaches to improve health behaviors.

TL;DR: Investigation of the impact of enhanced immigration enforcement on immigrant health in Everett, Massachusetts, USA, a city with a large and diverse immigrant population found high levels of stress due to deportation fear, which affected their emotional well-being and their access to health services.

TL;DR: This study advances knowledge about weight-based stigma by documenting how obese adults described the different types of obesity stigma that they faced, how they responded to this stigma, and how different kinds of stigma impact on health and social wellbeing.

TL;DR: The main purpose of this article is to identify and understand the messages and images that companies use to market India as a global destination and to consider the implications of the findings for existing knowledge gaps and debates within health geography specifically.

TL;DR: A novel perspective on racial disparities in birth outcomes is offered suggesting that Black American women are subject to unique sources of stress throughout their lives and particularly during pregnancy based on their multiple identities as women, Black, and pregnant.