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Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 2020"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It will be critical to confront both conspiracy theories and vaccination misinformation to prevent further spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US and reduce barriers to uptake of preventive behaviors and vaccination when a vaccine becomes available.

575 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Efforts to foster equity in health, social, and economic systems during and in the aftermath of Covid-19 may mitigate the inequitable risks posed by pandemics and other times of healthcare stress.

311 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found that if a vaccine against the new coronavirus became available, almost a quarter of respondents would not use it, and attitudes to this vaccine were correlated significantly with political partisanship and engagement with the political system.

261 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Liuyi Ran1, Wo Wang1, Ming Ai1, Yiting Kong1, Jianmei Chen1, Li Kuang1 
TL;DR: There is a high prevalence of psychological distresses among the general population at the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, which is negatively correlated with resilience.

232 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Perceived levels of loneliness under strict lockdown measures due to COVID-19 were relatively stable in the UK, but for many people these levels were high with no signs of improvement, suggesting that more efforts are needed to address loneliness.

231 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that societies that are more economically unequal and lack capacity in some dimensions of social capital experienced more COVID-19 deaths, possibly due to behavioural contagion and incongruence with physical distancing policy.

172 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A mapping review of the literature concerning the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care finds that ethical issues can be epistemic, normative or traceability-related and at the relevant level of abstraction.

170 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Factors predictive of pandemic-related pregnancy stress, including abuse history, chronic illness, income loss due to the pandemic, perceived risk of having had COVID-19, alterations to prenatal appointments, high-risk pregnancy, and being a woman of color were associated with greater levels of one or both types of stress.

167 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The level of vulnerability of communities in the United States is mapped: counties with a large share of the population suffering from pre-existing medical conditions and low levels of community level social capital are especially susceptible to experiencing severe health outcomes because of COVID-19.

139 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Though both predictors are complex and may be influenced by many factors, given the potential return of COVID-19 threat and other future health pandemic threats to the authors' world, it must rethink and develop ways to reinforce them.

114 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Messages that invoke thoughts of infecting vulnerable people or large numbers of people can motivate social distancing and, hence, help to limit the spread of COVID-19.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence from this review highlights that the duration and timing of exposure to racial discrimination matters, and the need to gain evidence for the mechanisms linking early racism exposure to adverse health outcomes in later life is emphasised.

Journal ArticleDOI
Sonya Negriff1
TL;DR: The findings support the assessment of maltreatment events as more salient than household dysfunction in mental health treatment and caution health providers against only using the total ACEs score in clinical decision-making.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysing the cause of death for any excess non-covid-19 deaths will shed light upon the reasons for the increase in such deaths and will help design appropriate policy responses to save lives.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The implication for practitioners and policy makers is that CAM is not necessarily a major obstacle to people's willingness to vaccinate, and that the more proximal obstacle is people's mistrust of conventional treatments.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A proof-of-concept study that supports reducing stigma by addressing what matters most to healthcare providers, predominantly through mitigating survival and professional threats and additional efforts are needed to address social threats.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Qualitative analysis, following an inductive approach, showed that water insecurity led to "choice-less-ness" and undesirable social outcomes, which in turn led to emotional distress, amplified by gender-unequal norms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A way forward is offered that requires a combination of insights from systems thinking, community-based participatory research, and intervention and improvement sciences, and the support of researchers to develop better methods for recognising and classifying the knowledge generated by complex interventions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper provides researchers with recommendations, specific examples, and important considerations for incorporating intersectionality approaches into study conceptualization, participant recruitment, data collection, and data analysis, and reviews challenges that researchers may experience in conducting research using intersectional approaches.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review is the first review in this research area to create a tiered rating system to assess the best available evidence and concludes that improvements in individual-level outcomes can be achieved and an outcomes-based approach appears to be the most effective design of programs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Conservatives show lower risk perceptions of COVID-19 than liberals and moderates and the effects of political ideology on risk perceptions, while attention to news about the outbreak of CO VID-19 is positively correlated with risk perceptions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings highlight the issues of COVID-19-related stigma and provide evidence for launching effective health actions to promote a cohesive society and culture of health.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work uses the South African Treatment Action Campaign as a prototype for expanding understandings of social capital for health promotion and calls for an expanded focus that takes account of how co-operative networks may serve as springboards for community involvement in adversarial social movements.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that structural adjustment reforms lower health system access and increase neonatal mortality, and additional analyses show that labor market reforms drive these deleterious effects.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examination of relationships between Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) grades assigned to neighborhoods in the 1930s and the current distribution of tree canopy and level of exposure to air pollution hazards indicates a clear gradient in tree canopy by HOLC grade.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There was no linear increase in loneliness in response to the first pandemic-related measures in the present sample, and daily loneliness increased more strongly for parents compared to people without children.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence was found that the DCE yields accurate actual healthcare choice predictions if at least scale and preference heterogeneity are taken into account, and analysis of discordant subjects showed that it can even do better.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that trust, which plays an important role in shaping people’ s risk Perception toward hazards, can also affect risk perception toward infections from a social perspective and suggestions for improving the public health system in response to possible infectious diseases are provided.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article explores how mothers provide each other information critical of vaccines, encourage a sense of one's self as empowered to question social expectations around vaccination, provide strategies for managing stigma that results from refusing vaccines, and define asense of obligation to extend social capital to other mothers.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Formal social participation functions as a protective factor against the onset or development of chronic conditions, partially explained by enhanced quality of life and diminished depressive symptoms.