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Showing papers in "Social Work in 2017"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data quality criteria according to which KGs can be analyzed and analyze and compare the above mentioned KGs are provided and a framework for finding the most suitable KG for a given setting is proposed.
Abstract: In recent years, several noteworthy large, cross-domain and openly available knowledge graphs (KGs) have been created. These include DBpedia, Freebase, OpenCyc, Wikidata, and YAGO. Although extensively in use, these KGs have not been subject to an in-depth comparison so far. In this survey, we provide data quality criteria according to which KGs can be analyzed and analyze and compare the above mentioned KGs. Furthermore, we propose a framework for finding the most suitable KG for a given setting.

286 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Trauma-informed care is a way of providing services by which social workers recognize the prevalence of early adversity in the lives of clients, view presenting problems as symptoms of maladaptive coping, and understand how early trauma shapes a client's fundamental beliefs about the world and affects his or her psychosocial functioning across the life span.
Abstract: Social workers frequently encounter clients with a history of trauma. Trauma-informed care is a way of providing services by which social workers recognize the prevalence of early adversity in the lives of clients, view presenting problems as symptoms of maladaptive coping, and understand how early trauma shapes a client's fundamental beliefs about the world and affects his or her psychosocial functioning across the life span. Trauma-informed social work incorporates core principles of safety, trust, collaboration, choice, and empowerment and delivers services in a manner that avoids inadvertently repeating unhealthy interpersonal dynamics in the helping relationship. Trauma-informed social work can be integrated into all sorts of existing models of evidence-based services across populations and agency settings, can strengthen the therapeutic alliance, and facilitates posttraumatic growth.

170 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Details about FRED’s capabilities, design issues, implementation and evaluation are provided, which make the tool suitable to be used as a semantic middleware for domainor task-specific applications.
Abstract: A machine reader is a tool able to transform natural language text to formal structured knowledge so as the latter can be interpreted by machines, according to a shared semantics. FRED is a machine reader for the semantic web: its output is a RDF/OWL graph, whose design is based on frame semantics. Nevertheless, FRED’s graph are domain and task independent making the tool suitable to be used as a semantic middleware for domainor task-specific applications. To serve this purpose, it is available both as REST service and as Python library. This paper provides details about FRED’s capabilities, design issues, implementation and evaluation.

164 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed framework of historical oppression, resilience, and transcendence prioritizes social justice and strengths and provides a culturally relevant framework, which can be used to explain, predict, and prevent violence.
Abstract: Although all minorities experience inequalities, indigenous peoples in the United States tend to experience the most severe violent victimization. Until now, an organizing framework to explain or address the disproportionate rates of violent victimization was absent. Thus, the purpose of this conceptual article is to (a) introduce the concept of historical oppression, expanding the concept of historical trauma to make it inclusive of contemporary oppression; (b) describe the framework of historical oppression, resilience, and transcendence, which draws from distinct but related theoretical frameworks (that is, critical theory and resilience theory); and (c) apply the framework of historical oppression, resilience, and transcendence to the problem of violence against indigenous women. The proposed framework of historical oppression, resilience, and transcendence prioritizes social justice and strengths; it provides a culturally relevant framework, which can be used to explain, predict, and prevent violence. The article concludes with recommendations for future research, implications for practice, and recommended applications to other problems and populations.

125 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article presents two novel approaches guided by a natural notion of semantic similarity for the collective disambiguation of all entities mentioned in a document at the same time based on learning-to-rank.
Abstract: Named Entity Disambiguation is the task of assigning entities from a Knowledge Base to mentions of such entities in a textual document. This article presents two novel approaches guided by a natural notion of semantic similarity for the collective disambiguation of all entities mentioned in a document at the same time. We adopt a unified semantic representation for entities and documents—the probability distribution obtained from a random walk on a subgraph of the knowledge base—as well as lexical and statistical features commonly used for this task. The first approach is an iterative and greedy approximation, while the second is based on learning-to-rank. Our experimental evaluation uses well-known benchmarks as well as new ones introduced here. We justify the need for these new benchmarks, and show that both our methods outperform the previous state-of-the-art by a wide margin.

122 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article introduces TableMiner+, a Semantic Table Interpretation method that annotates Web tables in a both effective and efficient way and significantly reduces computational overheads in terms of wall-clock time when compared against classic methods that ‘exhaustively’ process the entire table content to build features for inference.
Abstract: This article introduces TableMiner+, a Semantic Table Interpretation method that annotates Web tables in a both effective and efficient way. Built on our previous work TableMiner, the extended version advances state-of-the-art in several ways. First, it improves annotation accuracy by making innovative use of various types of contextual information both inside and outside tables as features for inference. Second, it reduces computational overheads by adopting an incremental, bootstrapping approach that starts by creating preliminary and partial annotations of a table using ‘sample’ data in the table, then using the outcome as ‘seed’ to guide interpretation of remaining contents. This is then followed by a message passing process that iteratively refines results on the entire table to create the final optimal annotations. Third, it is able to handle all annotation tasks of Semantic Table Interpretation (e.g., annotating a column, or entity cells) while state-of-the-art methods are limited in different ways. We also compile the largest dataset known to date and extensively evaluate TableMiner+ against four baselines and two re-implemented (near-identical, as adaptations are needed due to the use of different knowledge bases) state-of-the-art methods. TableMiner+ consistently outperforms all models under all experimental settings. On the two most diverse datasets covering multiple domains and various table schemata, it achieves improvement in F1 by between 1 and 42 percentage points depending on specific annotation tasks. It also significantly reduces computational overheads in terms of wall-clock time when compared against classic methods that ‘exhaustively’ process the entire table content to build features for inference. As a concrete example, compared against a method based on joint inference implemented with parallel computation, the non-parallel implementation of TableMiner+ achieves significant improvement in learning accuracy and almost orders of magnitude of savings in wall-clock time.

109 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A quality model for Linked Data is presented, which provides a unique terminology and reference for linked Data quality specification and evaluation, and an extension of the W3C Data Quality Vocabulary that can be used to capture quality information specific to Linked data.
Abstract: With the increasing amount of Linked Data published on the Web, the community has recognised the importance of the quality of such data and a number of initiatives have been undertaken to specify and evaluate Linked Data quality. However, these initiatives are characterised by a high diversity in terms of the quality aspects that they address and measure. This leads to difficulties in comparing and benchmarking evaluation results, as well as in selecting the right data source according to certain quality needs. This paper presents a quality model for Linked Data, which provides a unique terminology and reference for Linked Data quality specification and evaluation. The mentioned quality model specifies a set of quality characteristics and quality measures related to Linked Data, together with formulas for the calculation of measures. Furthermore, this paper also presents an extension of the W3C Data Quality Vocabulary that can be used to capture quality information specific to Linked Data, a Linked Data representation of the Linked Data quality model, and a use case in which the benefits of the quality model proposed in this paper are presented in a tool for Linked Data evaluation.

61 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A descriptive study of the current extent of term reuse and overlap among biomedical ontologies, which stipulate the need for semi-automated tools that augment term reuse in the ontology engineering process through personalized recommendations.
Abstract: Reusing ontologies and their terms is a principle and best practice that most ontology development methodologies strongly encourage. Reuse comes with the promise to support the semantic interoperability and to reduce engineering costs. In this paper, we present a descriptive study of the current extent of term reuse and overlap among biomedical ontologies. We use the corpus of biomedical ontologies stored in the BioPortal repository, and analyze different types of reuse and overlap constructs. While we find an approximate term overlap between 25-31%, the term reuse is only 90% semantic similarity, hinting that ontology developers tend to reuse terms that are sibling or parent-child nodes. We validate this finding by analysing the logs generated from a Protege plugin that enables developers to reuse terms from BioPortal. We find most reuse constructs were 2-level subtrees on the higher levels of the class hierarchy. We developed a Web application that visualizes reuse dependencies and overlap among ontologies, and that proposes similar terms from BioPortal for a term of interest. We also identified a set of error patterns that indicate that ontology developers did intend to reuse terms from other ontologies, but that they were using different and sometimes incorrect representations. Our results stipulate the need for semi-automated tools that augment term reuse in the ontology engineering process through personalized recommendations.

60 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fujitsu Laboratories Limited’s CONICYT/FONDECYT Project and the Millennium Nucleus Center for Semantic Web Research aim to provide real-time information about the “building blocks of knowledge” for semantic web research.
Abstract: Fujitsu Laboratories Limited CONICYT/FONDECYT Project 3130617 FONDECYT Project 11140900 DGIP Project 116.24.1 Millennium Nucleus Center for Semantic Web Research NC120004

56 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed approach extends the existing framework of representing temporal information in ontologies by allowing for representation of concepts evolving in time and of their properties in terms of qualitative descriptions in addition to quantitative ones, as well as integrating temporal reasoning support into the proposed representation.
Abstract: The representation of temporal information has been in the center of intensive research activities over the years in the areas of knowledge representation, databases and more recently, the Semantic Web. The proposed approach extends the existing framework of representing temporal information in ontologies by allowing for representation of concepts evolving in time (referred to as “dynamic” information) and of their properties in terms of qualitative descriptions in addition to quantitative ones (i.e., dates, time instants and intervals). For this purpose, we advocate the use of natural language expressions, such as “before” or “after”, for temporal entities whose exact durations or starting and ending points in time are unknown. Reasoning over all types of temporal information (such as the above) is also an important research problem. The current work addresses all these issues as follows: The representation of dynamic concepts is achieved using the “4D-fluents” or, alternatively, the “N-ary relations” mechanism. Both mechanisms are thoroughly explored and are expanded for representing qualitative and quantitative temporal information in OWL. In turn, temporal information is expressed using either intervals or time instants. Qualitative temporal information representation in particular, is realized using sets of SWRL rules and OWL axioms leading to a sound, complete and tractable reasoning procedure based on path consistency applied on the existing relation sets. Building upon existing Semantic Web standards (OWL), tools and member submissions (SWRL), as well as integrating temporal reasoning support into the proposed representation, are important design features of our approach.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of DataGraft is provided focusing on the rationale, key features and components, and evaluation, which offer an integrated, flexible, and reliable solution for hosted open data management.
Abstract: This paper introduces DataGraft (https://datagraft.net/) – a cloud-based platform for data transformation and publishing. DataGraft was developed to provide better and easier to use tools for data workers and developers (e.g. open data publishers, linked data developers, data scientists) who consider existing approaches to data transformation, hosting, and access too costly and technically complex. DataGraft offers an integrated, flexible, and reliable cloud-based solution for hosted open data management. Key features include flexible management of data transformations (e.g. interactive creation, execution, sharing, reuse) and reliable data hosting services. This paper provides an overview of DataGraft focusing on the rationale, key features and components, and evaluation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Rijksmuseum linked dataset is presented, along with collection and vocabulary statistics, as well as lessons learned from the process of converting the collection to Linked Data.
Abstract: Many museums are currently providing online access to their collections. The state of the art research in the last decade shows that it is beneficial for institutions to provide their datasets as Linked Data in order to achieve easy cross-referencing, interlinking and integration. In this paper, we present the Rijksmuseum linked dataset (accessible at http://datahub.io/dataset/rijksmuseum), along with collection and vocabulary statistics, as well as lessons learned from the process of converting the collection to Linked Data. The version of March 2016 contains over 350,000 objects, including detailed descriptions and high-quality images released under a public domain license.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article informs social work practitioners of the strategies used by low-income black women in surviving IPV so that practitioners can develop interventions that support these strategies.
Abstract: Women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) are often portrayed as helpless victims. Yet many women who experience IPV implement strategies to help them survive the abuse. This qualitative study sought to explore the survivor strategies used by low-income black women who experience IPV. Authors used a semistructured interview guide to survey 26 survivors who reported being in an IPV relationship in the past two years. Thematic analysis revealed three types of survivor strategies used by low-income black women: (1) internal (use of religion and becoming self-reliant), (2) interpersonal (leave the abuser or fight back), and (3) external (reliance on informal, formal, or both kinds of sources of support). This article informs social work practitioners of the strategies used by low-income black women in surviving IPV so that practitioners can develop interventions that support these strategies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Overarching themes that emerged from LCSWs' responses to what helps them consider this area included personal religiosity, education, and having an RS-sensitive practice.
Abstract: This article describes the qualitative responses from a national sample of licensed clinical social workers (LCSWs) on their views regarding integrating clients' religion and spirituality (RS) in practice. Two open-ended questions were asked to assess what helps or assists LCSWs in assessing and integrating clients' RS in practice and what hinders or prevents LCSWs from considering this area of clients' lives. A total of 329 responded to either item, with 319 responses to the first item and 279 responses to the second. The authors used open-coding procedures, developed a codebook to analyze the data, and reached consensus on each response. Overarching themes that emerged from LCSWs' responses to what helps them consider this area included personal religiosity, education, and having an RS-sensitive practice. Regarding what hinders RS integration, LCSWs reported that nothing hinders such integration; that it was not relevant; or listed various barriers, including a lack of training, client discouraging the discussion, or experiencing fear or perceiving RS as a taboo topic. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications for social work education and practice.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The correlates of the school-to-prison pipeline and its disparate outcomes are explained, most notably for students of color; those with disabilities; and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning students.
Abstract: The school-to-prison pipeline (STPP) refers to a path from the education system to the juvenile or adult criminal justice system. Over the past two decades, this path has grown significantly, and scholars attribute a myriad of contributing factors to this increase. Each factor has its own impact and consequences, which are covered in detail based on an extensive literature review and macro practice through Race Matters for Juvenile Justice. Prior to the STPP concept, education had largely been considered a protective factor for children and a route to success as opposed to a risk factor or track toward juvenile justice involvement. Staying in school and getting good grades were regarded as strategies that even at-risk students could use to overcome poverty, prejudice, and powerlessness. But since the 1990s, the approach to discipline in U.S. public schools has changed, and the effects of this change are only now becoming evident. This article explains the correlates of the STPP and its disparate outcomes, most notably for students of color; those with disabilities; and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning students. The article concludes with implications for social workers in various settings and specific strategies for reducing the impact of the STPP.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The enhancements made to a Turkish named entity recognition model (based on conditional random fields (CRFs) and originally tailored for well formed texts) are presented in order to extend its covered named entity types, and also to process extra challenging user generated content coming with Web 2.0.
Abstract: Named entity recognition (NER), which provides useful information for many high level NLP applications and semantic web technologies, is a well-studied topic for most of the languages and especially for English. However the studies for Turkish, which is a morphologically richer and lesser-studied language, have fallen behind these for a long while. In recent years, Turkish NER intrigued researchers due to its scarce data resources and the unavailability of high-performing systems. Especially, the need to discover named entities occurring in Web datasets initiated many studies in this field. This article presents the enhancements made to a Turkish named entity recognition model [5] (based on conditional random fields (CRFs) and originally tailored for well formed texts) in order to extend its covered named entity types, and also to process extra challenging user generated content coming with Web 2.0. The article introduces the re-annotation of the available datasets to extend the covered named entity types, and a brand new dataset from Web 2.0. The introduced approach reveals an exact match F1 score of 92% on a dataset collected from Turkish news articles and ∼65% on different datasets collected from Web 2.0.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The blending of linked data with ontologies leverages the access to data and introduces grammars for a controlled natural language targeted towards biomedical linked data and the corresponding controlled SPARQL language.
Abstract: The blending of linked data with ontologies leverages the access to data. GFMed introduces grammars for a controlled natural language targeted towards biomedical linked data and the corresponding controlled SPARQL language. The grammars are described in Grammatical Framework and introduce linguistic and SPARQL phrases mostly about drugs, diseases and relationships between them. The semantic and linguistic chunks correspond to Description Logic constructors. Problems and solutions for querying biomedical linked data with Romanian, besides English, are also considered in the context of GF.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The RODI benchmark as discussed by the authors is a generic and effective benchmark for reliable and comparable evaluation of the practical utility of ontology-based data integration systems, where an ontology mediates between the raw data and its consumers, is a promising approach to facilitate such scenarios.
Abstract: Accessing and utilizing enterprise or Web data that is scattered across multiple data sources is an important task for both applications and users. Ontology-based data integration, where an ontology mediates between the raw data and its consumers, is a promising approach to facilitate such scenarios. This approach crucially relies on useful mappings to relate the ontology and the data, the latter being typically stored in relational databases. A number of systems to support the construction of such mappings have recently been developed. A generic and effective benchmark for reliable and comparable evaluation of the practical utility of such systems would make an important contribution to the development of ontology-based data integration systems and their application in practice. We have proposed such a benchmark, called RODI. In this paper, we present a new version of RODI, which significantly extends our previous benchmark, and we evaluate various systems with it. RODI includes test scenarios from the domains of scientific conferences, geographical data, and oil and gas exploration. Scenarios are constituted of databases, ontologies, and queries to test expected results. Systems that compute relational-to-ontology mappings can be evaluated using RODI by checking how well they can handle various features of relational schemas and ontologies, and how well the computed mappings work for query answering. Using RODI, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of seven systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is now more critical than ever for social workers to be proactive, to be engaged, and to follow through to promote social and economic justice.
Abstract: Regardless of your political preferences, the 2016 election will, in part, be known for its revelation of great divides in our nation. The focus of this editorial is on the importance of promoting our collective social work values and positions over the next four years. The profession engages a wide spectrum of people across economic, political, social, and educational experiences. There are many who feel a sense of fear, anger, and concern about their safety and their place in this country, particularly those who sit at the intersection of multiple forms of oppression. It is important that social workers provide spaces for diverse populations to find not only comfort, but also strong advocacy. It is now more critical than ever for social workers to be proactive, to be engaged, and to follow through to promote social and economic justice. Using the best of our profession—the integration of micro, mezzo, and macro perspectives—will ensure our impact and make a positive contribution to resolving the priority issues of the profession and society.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The catalogue of the Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes contains about 200,000 records which were originally created in compliance with the MARC21 standard and have been recently migrated to a new relational database whose data model adheres to the conceptual models promoted by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.
Abstract: The catalogue of the Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes contains about 200,000 records which were originally created in compliance with the MARC21 standard. The entries in the catalogue have been recently migrated to a new relational database whose data model adheres to the conceptual models promoted by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), in particular, to the FRBR and FRAD specifications. The database content has been later mapped, by means of an automated procedure, to RDF triples which employ basically the RDA vocabulary (Resource Description and Access) to describe the entities, as well as their properties and relationships. This RDF-based semantic description of the catalogue is now accessible online through an interface which supports browsing and searching the information. Due to their open nature, these public data can be easily linked and used for new applications created by external developers and institutions. The methods applied for the automation of the conversion, which build upon open-source software components, are described here.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: SeMFIS is a flexible engineering platform for semantic annotations of conceptual models that provides a set of meta models for visually representing ontologies and semantic annotations as models and can be easily added to the large variety of other modeling methods based on this platform or used as an additional service for other tools.
Abstract: In this paper, we present SeMFIS - a flexible engineering platform for semantic annotations of conceptual models. Conceptual models have in the past been used for many purposes in the context of information systems' engineering. These purposes include for example the elicitation of requirements, the simulation of the behavior of future information systems, the generation of code or the interaction with information systems through models at runtime. Semantic annotations of conceptual models constitute a recently established approach for dynamically extending the semantic representation and semantic analysis scope of conceptual modeling languages. Thereby, elements in conceptual models are linked to concepts in ontologies via anno- tations. Thus, additional knowledge aspects can be represented without modifications of the modeling languages. These aspects can then be analyzed using queries, specifically designed algorithms or external tools and services. At its core, SeMFIS provides a set of meta models for visually representing ontologies and semantic annotations as models. In addition, the tool contains an analysis component, a web service interface, and an import/export component to query and exchange model information. SeM- FIS has been implemented using the freely available ADOxx meta modeling platform. It can thus be easily added to the large variety of other modeling methods based on this platform or used as an additional service for other tools. We present the main features of SeMFIS and briefly discuss use cases where it has been applied. SeMFIS is freely available via the OMiLAB.org website at http://www.omilab.org/web/semfis.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A need for knowledgeable social workers to collaborate with police, particularly in high-risk cases, and to offer training for officers on risk factors for homicide, coercive control, and misperceptions about IPV is suggested.
Abstract: Risk-informed collaborative police-social service interventions are an emerging strategy intended to enhance offender accountability and victim-survivors' safety in intimate partner violence (IPV) cases. These interventions use risk assessment to determine appropriate interventions and enhance the police response for dangerous offenders by engaging in collaboration with social work advocates. Because little is known about the responsiveness of police officers to risk-informed collaborative interventions, this study examines police officer (N = 544) attitudes toward IPV risk assessment and collaboration with social workers. The majority of police officers did not believe a social worker would be helpful at the scene of an IPV incident. However, those who agreed that a social worker would be helpful were more likely to be knowledgeable about the dynamics of IPV. Officers who believed risk assessment was important were more likely to believe that the police response to IPV is necessary. Finally, officers' perceived knowledge about risk for homicide was not consistently associated with actual knowledge about IPV. These findings suggest a need for knowledgeable social workers to collaborate with police, particularly in high-risk cases, and to offer training for officers on risk factors for homicide, coercive control, and misperceptions about IPV.© 2017 National Association of Social Workers. Language: en

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An OWL 2 DL ontology for the description of workflows that is particularly suitable for formalising typical publishing processes such as the publication of articles in journals is introduced.
Abstract: In this paper we introduce the Publishing Workflow Ontology (PWO), i.e., an OWL 2 DL ontology for the description of workflows that is particularly suitable for formalising typical publishing processes such as the publication of articles in journals. We support the presentation with a discussion of all the ontology design patterns that have been reused for modelling the main characteristics of publishing workflows. In addition, we present two possible application of PWO in the publishing and legislative domains.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors trace the development of legislation addressing DMST at the federal and state levels, with a particular focus on states' "safe harbor laws" that provide limited or total criminal immunity and a varying range of services to victims.
Abstract: Domestic minor sex trafficking (DMST) is a rapidly growing problem in the United States, yet legislative efforts to address victim needs have begun only recently. DMST is an issue that spans several areas of social work practice, as emerging research shows that most children and youths exploited in commercial sex have typically experienced prior abuse, neglect, or other forms of trauma. Many have been involved with the child welfare and juvenile justice systems and are often lured by promises of love, security, protection, and belonging. Policy development to address DMST is still relatively new and evolving at both federal and state levels, but the general trend is to recognize such minors as victims rather than perpetrators of sex crimes. In this article the authors trace the development of legislation addressing DMST at the federal and state levels, with a particular focus on states' "safe harbor laws" that provide limited or total criminal immunity and a varying range of services to victims. Although space limitation precludes a detailed discussion of specific state laws, comparative analysis of representative provisions are discussed, highlighting social work application and further policy and research implications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A four-step method which allows to linguistically and semantically annotate questions, to perform an abstraction of these questions, then to build a representation of the SPARQL queries, and finally to generate the queries is designed.
Abstract: Recent and intensive research in the biomedical area enabled to accumulate and disseminate biomedical knowledge through various knowledge bases increasingly available on the Web. The exploitation of this knowledge requires to create links between these bases and to use them jointly. Linked Data, the SPARQL language and interfaces in natural language question answering provide interesting solutions for querying such knowledge bases. However, while using biomedical Linked Data is crucial, life-science researchers may have difficulties using the SPARQL language. Interfaces based on natural language question answering are recognized to be suitable for querying knowledge bases. In this paper, we propose a method for translating natural language questions into SPARQL queries. We use Natural Language Processing tools, semantic resources and RDF triple descriptions. We designed a four-step method which allows to linguistically and semantically annotate questions, to perform an abstraction of these questions, then to build a representation of the SPARQL queries, and finally to generate the queries. The method is designed on 50 questions over three biomedical knowledge bases used in the task 2 of the QALD-4 challenge framework and evaluated on 27 new questions. It achieves good performance with 0.78 F-measure on the test set. The method for translating questions into SPARQL queries is implemented as a Perl module and is available at http://search.cpan.org/~thhamon/ RDF-NLP-SPARQLQuery/.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: KbQAS is introduced, which, to the best of the knowledge, is the first ontology-based question answering system made for Vietnamese and employs the question analysis approach that systematically constructs a knowledge base of grammar rules to convert each input question into an intermediate representation element.
Abstract: Recent years have witnessed a new trend of building ontology-based question answering systems. These systems use semantic web information to produce more precise answers to users' queries. However, these systems are mostly designed for English. In this paper, we introduce an ontology-based question answering system named KbQAS which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first one made for Vietnamese. KbQAS employs our question analysis approach that systematically constructs a knowledge base of grammar rules to convert each input question into an intermediate representation element. KbQAS then takes the intermediate representation element with respect to a target ontology and applies concept-matching techniques to return an answer. On a wide range of Vietnamese questions, experimental results show that the performance of KbQAS is promising with accuracies of 84.1% and 82.4% for analyzing input questions and retrieving output answers, respectively. Furthermore, our question analysis approach can easily be applied to new domains and new languages, thus saving time and human effort.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the CLARIAH-CORE project was supported by the H2020 FREME project (GA no. 644771) and the Science Foundation Ireland (SFI).
Abstract: This work was supported by the H2020 FREME project (GA no. 644771), by the research grant from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) under Grant Number SFI/12/RC/2289, and by the CLARIAH-CORE project financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The case for shifting away from a pervasive focus on sexuality as solely risk based to one of balance, incorporating the normative nature and importance of sexuality, intimacy, pleasure, and desire within social work curricula, practice, and dialogue in general is made.
Abstract: Sexuality is not an invisible dimension within social work. Social workers are constantly engaged with aspects of sexuality across virtually all practice domains. Indeed, some of the most fundamental and frequent concerns of social workers involve sexual abuse, sexual violence, and HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. However, conversations about healthy sexuality, positive sexuality, or sexual well-being that are well ensconced in many disciplines are all but absent from current social work literature, education, and practice. In this academic silence, social work is missing a significant opportunity to contribute to the larger conversation around healthy sexuality in a way that illuminates a more holistic perspective and that acknowledges desire and sexual satisfaction across the spectrum, including among marginalized and oppressed groups. In this article, authors make the case for shifting away from a pervasive focus on sexuality as solely risk based to one of balance, incorporating the normative nature and importance of sexuality, intimacy, pleasure, and desire within social work curricula, practice, and dialogue in general. They encourage social workers to recognize sexuality as a critical site of intersectionality and argue for the integration of a multidimensional approach to sexuality within social work education, practice, and research.

Journal ArticleDOI