Showing papers in "Sociology in 1970"
1,460 citations
189 citations
162 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a coefficient is described which can be used to obtain rapid reliability estimates for scales derived from either factor or cluster analysis, and the degree of reliability to be aimed at in sample survey work is considered, together with associated problems of scale validity, item selection and scoring, and assumptions about the level of measurement.
Abstract: A coefficient is described which can be used to obtain rapid reliability estimates for scales derived from either factor or cluster analysis. Some affinities with Likert and Guttman scaling are noted. But the total approach is superior to either of these techniques, and to factor or cluster analysis used alone, insofar as it enables the researcher not only to explore the dimensionality of an attitude domain, but also to decide, at the same time, on the number of items required in order to measure each main dimension at an appropriate level of reliability. The degree of reliability to be aimed at in sample survey work is considered, together with associated problems of scale validity, item selection and scoring, and assumptions about the level of measurement.
101 citations
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it is suggested that such conflict may be ''value specific'' or ''role specific'' in a professional/bureaucrat conflict, and to test this, a sample of mem...
Abstract: The idea of a general professional/bureaucrat conflict has a very narrow empirical base. It is suggested that such conflict may be `value specific' or `role specific'. To test this, a sample of mem...
42 citations
42 citations
42 citations
TL;DR: The underlying common structure of apparently dissimilar movements deserves further examination which it is hoped will throw light on sect structure and secular value-oriented organizations.
Abstract: The practice of drawing too sharp a line between transcendental and non-transcendental belief systems is to be criticized, for there is often an overlap between them. Alcoholics Anonymous displays sectarian characteristics in its internal structure and behaviour. From available information on the development of Alcoholics Anonymous an appreciable level of religious commitment among members might be expected, but a study of groups on Merseyside did not find this. Many members felt the tone of A.A. to be too religious. Previous studies concerned with religious affiliation and alcohol consumption suggest a relationship between the two. A characteristic shared by such movements as sects and Alcoholics Anonymous is the high degree of involvement exhibited by their members. The underlying common structure of apparently dissimilar movements deserves further examination which it is hoped will throw light on sect structure and secular value-oriented organizations.
TL;DR: This article examined the community situation of shipyard workers on Tyneside, certain aspects of their orientations to work and general social perspectives, and the relationship of these to each other.
Abstract: This paper examines the community situation of shipyard workers on Tyneside, certain aspects of their orientations to work and general social perspectives, and the relationship of these to each oth...
TL;DR: The authors examined social class differences in maternal reports of various contextual usages of language and found that there were significant differences in adult-adult and mother-child communication between different social classes.
Abstract: The Sociological Research Unit of the Department of Sociology of Education has been engaged for the past five years upon a study of variations between and within social class in familial patterns of communication and control. This paper examines social class differences in maternal reports of various contextual usages of language. The findings, obtained from a sample of 100 mothers, indicate social class differences in adult-adult and mother-child communication.
TL;DR: The main object of as discussed by the authors is to separate several strands in the relationship between the works of Marx and Max Weber, and to separate the two works of the same author from their relationship.
Abstract: The main object of this paper is to separate several strands in the relationship between the works of Marx and Max Weber. Max Weber has rightly been regarded as Marx's most profound intellectual cr...
Abstract: The sociological literature on prisons contains some confusion and disagreement on at least three interrelated issues: the character of inmate society, the forms of inmate adaptive behaviour and the nature and extent of prison socialization. This paper suggests a new inmate typology (based on a differentiation between interaction with various membership groups and identification with different reference groups) and describes for each type the degree and kind of socialization (and prisonization) likely to be experienced. Finally some of the theoretical and practical implications for prisons and for the individual prisoner of such a typology are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that both class and educational differentials do reduce the proportion of places on advanced and full time courses which are available for early leavers and for boys of working class origin.
Abstract: Two views about the amount of opportunity available through technical education are contrasted. In popular discussions the system figures as an `alternative route' to middle class occupations. In sociological literature, however, it is dismissed as a significant source of opportunity. A review is presented of important but neglected changes in the organization of courses and the recruitment of young men to them. It is shown that both class and educational differentials do reduce the proportion of places on advanced and full time courses which are available for early leavers and for boys of working class origin. On the other hand an analysis of long run trends in terms of (i) the participation of each social class in technical education, (ii) transition rates between different levels of study, (iii) the link between qualification and occupational rewards, suggests that attempts to discount technical colleges as a source of opportunity may be premature. It is concluded that any discussion of the effect of i...