Showing papers in "Solar Energy in 1980"

TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of oxides were examined for use as anodes in photoelectrochemical cells for the conversion of solar energy into electrical power or hydrogen, and the Schottky barrier model of the semi-conductor-electrolyte interface was used throughout.

TL;DR: In this paper, the irradiance at given solar elevation is plotted vs total cloud amount for each season and for the whole year; in the same way, the ratio of irradiance under clouded to that under cloudless sky is presented.

TL;DR: This literature survey of photobiological hydrogen production covers the period from its discovery in relatively pure cultures during the early 1930s through 1978, as well as a brief historical overview of hydrogen metabolism in photosynthetic bacteria, eucaryotic algae, and cyanobacteria.

TL;DR: In this paper, a packed column air-liquid contactor has been studied in application to air dehumidification and regeneration in solar air conditioning with liquid desiccants, and a theoretical model has been developed to predict the performance of the device under various operating conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, a photoassisted reduction of aqueous carbon dioxide was achieved using semiconductor powders, with either high pressure Hg-lamps or sunlight as energy sources.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a rotary kiln and a fluid bed to achieve a thermal conversion efficiency of 0.1-0.3 for CaCO3 and over 0.15 for partial (75%) decomposition.

TL;DR: In this article, coal, activated carbon, coke and a mixture of coal and biomass were gasified using direct solar irradiation in a 23kW solar furnace located at the U.S. Army White Sands Missile Range, White Sands, New Mexico.

TL;DR: In this article, a statistical procedure has been employed to develop correlations between the hourly global horizontal radiation and its diffuse component, which predict I d I o for particular solar altitudes when I I o is given.

TL;DR: In this paper, a computer model of salt gradient solar pond thermal behavior has been developed and used to verify the validity of assuming constant salt solution physical parameters and long term averaging schemes for ambient temperature and insolation in previous solar pond analytical models.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized more than 3 years of research on non-evacuated CPCs and reviews measured performance data and critical design considerations, and calculated that a 1.5X version of such a collector would have an optical efficiency ηo = 0.71, heat loss coefficient U = 2.2 W/m2°C and a heat extraction effciency factor F′ ≥ 0.98, while requiring no tilt adjustments.

TL;DR: The possibility of using thermocouples made from Bi2Te3 alloys in solar thermoelectric generators is investigated in this article, where experiments have been carried out for two systems.

TL;DR: The CO 2 CH 4 reforming-methanation chemical cycle provides an attractive means of transporting solar energy to a central station in accord with the Solchem concept as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of several generic types of solar domestic water heating systems is compared using a simulation approach, including those using single and double tanks and those using direct and indirect methods of transferring solar heat to potable water.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the thermal energy storage capacity of the unthickened mixture to the thickened mixture as a function of thermal cycling and showed a significant improvement in performance of the thinnened mixture over that of the Glauber's salt and borax mixture.

TL;DR: The technology and thermal performance of intermediate temperature solar collectors is summarized and the status of thermal and thermo-chemical storage methods is reviewed in this article, where it is concluded that collector technology is commercially available to achieve delivery temperatures up to 350°F at averaged yearly efficiencies better than 30 per cent in good solar climates and that linear parabolic, single-axis tracking troughs are the best types of collectors currently available for intermediate temperature applications.

TL;DR: In this article, theoretical predictions of flow rate in thermosyphon solar collectors are compared with experimental measurements obtained using a laser doppler anemometer, and modifications to the usual method of analysis are proposed to improve the accuracy of the predictions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the response of thermosyphon solar water heaters to step changes of insolation is investigated and the results show that although there are long time delays associated with the development of the thermos-yphons flow the energy collection capability is not affected by thermosYphon time delays.

TL;DR: A regression analysis of the relative monthly values of global solar radiation and corresponding values of sunshine (n N ) for the period 1961-75, was performed to determine the constants a and b of the Angstrom formula, for Athens.

TL;DR: In this article, the similarity theory of solar thermosyphon collector is developed and ten dimensionless groups or system characteristic parameters which uniquely determine the performance of the collector are derived.

TL;DR: In this article, a preliminary evaluation of the technical and economic feasibility of solar coal gasification has been performed, and the analysis indicates that the medium-Btu product gas from a solar coal-gasification plant would not only be less expensive than that from a Lurgi coal-coalification plant but also would need considerably less coal to produce the same amount of gas.

TL;DR: In this article, a computer model of a solar pond to be built in the southern part of Iran is developed, where the input to the program is the daily solar radiation, ambient temperature, evaporation rate, etc.

TL;DR: In this paper, a reflector design has been developed which eliminates the loss of solar radiation through the gap between the tubular absorber and the reflector, which gives higher optical efficiencies by eliminating the gap losses and enhancing the net absorptance of the receiver tubes.

TL;DR: In this article, the monthly sums of global radiation at the horizontal surface are estimated after Angstrom from the relative duration of sunshine using the extraterrestrial radiations as maximum values, and the sky radiation is estimated by means of relationships after Liu-Yordan.

TL;DR: In this article, the seasonal and climatic effects on the fluctuation of solar irradiance in Hong Kong are discussed and the effect is particularly large during the spring months when the transition from cold to warm weather occurs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the photovoltaic cell within a composite stack of the receiver for a concentrating PV-electric power system is modelled as a combination electricity and waste heat generator.

TL;DR: In this paper, a method of rough estimation of the thermal conductivity of the storage materials is described, and the temperature history of the stored material experimentally obtained is compared with numerical solutions and found to be in reasonably good agreement.

TL;DR: The membrane stratified solar pond (MSSP) as discussed by the authors is a body of liquid utilizing closely spaced transparent membranes to quench convective heat transfer in the top part of the pond.