Showing papers in "Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy in 2014"

TL;DR: In this article, a review on the analytical results obtained by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is presented, including the risk of misclassification, and results on concentration measurement based on calibration are accompanied with significant figures of merit including the concept of accuracy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present R&D activities in the field of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for industrial applications and show novel LIBS systems running in routine operation for inline process control tasks.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the evolution of laser-induced plasma (LIP) properties, especially plasma temperature, with regard to variations of experiment conditions in both theoretical study and routine applications.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present person-transportable laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) devices that have previously been developed and reported in the literature as well as their applications.

TL;DR: An overview of the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) inside liquids, applied for detection of the elements present in the media itself or in the submerged samples is provided in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) for improving LIBS is discussed and the effect of NPs on the laser ablation process, in terms of a faster and more efficient production of seed electrons with respect to conventional LIBS, is investigated.

TL;DR: Fluorine and chlorine do not produce atomic and ionic line spectra of sufficient intensity to permit their detection by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as discussed by the authors, but they do combine with alkali-earths and other elements to form molecules whose spectra may be easily identified, enabling detection in ambient conditions with much higher sensitivity than using F I and Cl I atomic lines.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with HPLC-ICP-MS can be used to identify compounds not extracted for HPLC, and provide minimal processing steps for solid state analysis that may help preserve labile compounds such as those containing arsenic sulfur bonds.

TL;DR: This communication will demonstrate that an approach based on neural networks specially taylored for dealing with LIBS spectra would provide a viable, fast and robust method for LIBS quantitative analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a hollow fiber-solid phase microextraction (HF-SPME) method was applied for the determination of trace metals in real gasoline and diesel samples, and the precision was ≤ 3% under the optimized experimental conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate that precise alignment of the optical fiber for the collection of the plasma emission with respect to the actual morphology of the plasmas, assisted by real-time imaging, greatly improves the stability of LIBS measurements in short and long terms.

TL;DR: A review of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) applications in the interdisciplinary field of archeometry can be found in this paper, where the role of LIBS in Cultural Heritage material characterization, recognition of fakes and indirect dating is described.

TL;DR: Artificial neural networks were applied to process data from on-site LIBS analysis of soil samples as discussed by the authors, which allowed retrieving the relative amounts of silicate, calcareous and ores matrices into soils.

TL;DR: An analytical protocol for accurate in-situ Si stable isotope analysis has been established on a new second-generation custom-built femtosecond laser ablation system, which was coupled to a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (fsLA-MC-ICP-MS) as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, two double-pulse LIBS systems were tested as a tool for the determination of chlorine, sulfur and carbon in concretes, and the results showed that an interpulse delay of 2.8μs was optimal for carbon and 4μs for chlorine.

TL;DR: In this article, shadowgraphs of nascent cavitation bubbles generated by pulsed laser irradiation of Cu targets in water were observed for two different pulse widths, 20 ns and 150 ns.

TL;DR: In this paper, Triton-X114 was used to extract silver nanoparticles and Ag(I) species in waters and in lixiviates obtained from sticking plasters and cleaning cloths.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review some of the dominating mechanisms concerning ion emission kinetics during laser-surface interactions from a basic point of view, as well as interesting features of ion KEDs and their angular distributions.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of laser pulse duration on the spectral emissions observed from bulk ionic solutions has been investigated for hydrostatic pressures between 0.1 and 30 MPa, with the latter lasting longer for the 150 ns pulse compared to a 20 ns pulse of the same energy.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of the experimental observed isotopic patterns in the molecular emission with the theoretical statistical pattern was made to clarify the formation mechanisms of C2 and CN molecules during laser ablation of organic materials.

TL;DR: In this article, the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for discrimination and analysis of geological materials was examined, focusing on classification of mineral ores using their LIBS spectra prior to quantitative determination of copper.

TL;DR: In this article, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) were evaluated for the determination of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn in pressed pellets of wheat flours.

TL;DR: A review of developments in the field of low-flow sample introduction can be found in this article with a special focus on hyphenated techniques and multi-mode sample introduction systems.

TL;DR: In this article, laser-based methods and Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) methods were developed, optimized and validated for the forensic analysis of more complex inks such as toners and inkjets, to determine if their elemental composition can differentiate documents printed from different sources and to associate documents that originated from the same printing source.

TL;DR: In this paper, a dynamical model of a laser induced plasma with axial symmetry is developed to systematically study the effects of the plasma equation of state, radiation transfer, various transport phenomena (viscosity, thermal conductivity, diffusion), and the ablation surface on the observable quantities such as spectra emitted by LIBS plasmas containing multiple species.

TL;DR: In this article, the adsorptive properties of graphene nanosheets were used for simultaneous preconcentration of cobalt, nickel, copper and lead ions from water samples, which is based on dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (DMSPE) which is miniaturized and a simplified version of classical solid phase extraction technique.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that carefully selected ChemCam LIBS emission lines acquired from the Martian dust can be used to build an internal proxy spectroscopic standard, which in turn allows for a direct measurement of the effects of the distance of various LIBS emissions.

TL;DR: In this article, the LIBS technique is used for the first time on another planet with the ChemCam instrument, and more than 75,000 spectra have been returned in the first year on Mars.

TL;DR: In this article, the spectrum standardization method and the dominant factor based partial least square (PLS) method were combined to improve the measurement accuracy of carbon content in coal using LIBS.

TL;DR: In this article, a calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used for elemental analysis of glass with a measurement precision of about 10% using the best agreement between measured and computed spectra.