Showing papers in "Steroids in 2008"

TL;DR: The present review examines the evidence for a role of estrogens and specific estrogen receptors in prostate growth, differentiation and disease states including prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and cancer and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for growth regulation via these pathways.

TL;DR: Very interestingly, in rat luteal cells, the proximal promoter is not controlled in a cAMP dependent manner, suggesting that alternative and powerful mechanisms control aromatase expression in luteAL cells and that the rat corpus luteum represents an important paradigm for understanding alternative controls of the aromatases gene.

TL;DR: Novel GC receptor ligands, such as selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists (SEGRAs), are discussed, which might optimize genomic GC effects as they preferentially induce transrepression with little or no transactivating activity.

TL;DR: Overall, in cell-based studies, ERalpha appears to play a predominant role in cell proliferation, and ERbeta is suggested to be antiproliferative, and the potential for distinct populations of breast tumors to be identified based on ER subtype expression, and to exhibit distinct clinical behaviors, is of greatest interest.

TL;DR: Dienogest showed higher plasma concentrations than those of the other progestins with higher doses and could be explained simply by its in vitro potency on PR and its oral pharmacokinetic profile.

TL;DR: Estrogens have been related to energy balance and glucose metabolism for a long time; however, the mechanisms involved in their actions are now being unveiled, and new research is revealing a link between environmental estrogenic pollutants and the metabolic syndrome.

TL;DR: The analysis of the sterol composition in mutant strains of Aspergillus fumigatus led to a better understanding of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in this important fungus.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the importance of PR activation of extra-nuclear signaling pathways in regulating selected target genes and cell cycle progression.

TL;DR: Current evidence supports the perception that P GRMC1 may be involved in sterol metabolism or homeostasis and cell survival, and unpublished findings on the properties and functions of PGRMC1 are summarized.

TL;DR: An assay for PAQR functional evaluation is established, demonstrating unequivocally that mPRalpha, mPRbeta and mPRgamma can sense and respond to progesterone with EC(50) values that are physiologically relevant, and suggesting that these receptors may indeed function as the long-sought-after membrane progester one receptors.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that the mER is distinct from ERalpha, ERbeta or GPR30, and a new nonsteroidal compound, STX, is synthesized, which selectively targets the Galphaq-coupled phospholipase C-protein kinase A pathway and is more potent than E(2) in mediating this desensitization in both guinea pig and mouse neurons.

TL;DR: A newly appreciated mechanism of cross communication between estrogen and EGF is consistent with the observation that 7TMR-mediated transactivation of the EGFR is a recurrent signaling paradigm and may explain prior data reporting the EGF-like effects of estrogen.

TL;DR: It is suggested that MNAR acts as an important scaffold that integrates ERa action in regulation of important signaling pathways, and evaluation of the molecular crosstalk between MNAR and ERa may lead to development of functionally selective ER modulators that can separate between beneficial, prodifferentiative effects in bone, the cardiovascular system and the CNS and the "detrimental", proliferative effects on reproductive tissues and organs.

TL;DR: A major impetus for further inquiry is the recognition that in genetically determined errors in cholesterol synthesis such as Smith-Lemil-Opitz syndrome, the phenotypic effects on the developing fetus are not solely attributable to the lack of cholesterol but the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and its 27-hydroxy metabolite.

TL;DR: Under stress conditions, glucocorticoids have rapid actions to suppress cAMP formation thus to lower testosterone production and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 forms the coupling with 11betaHSD1 which constitutes a rapid mechanism for modulating glucOCorticoid control of testosterone biosynthesis.

TL;DR: The physiological role of palmitoylation in modulating the ERalpha and ERbeta localization at the plasma membrane and the regulation of different E2-induced non-genomic functions relevant for controlling cell proliferation are highlighted.

TL;DR: Several factors turned out to exert significant influence on the delta(13)C-values of urinary steroids, which encompass the identity of the steroid itself, sex, oral contraception, travels, and physical activity.

TL;DR: Data are provided to construct a physiological pathway where TH-dependent regulation of the polymerization state of actin in the astrocyte and the developing neuron modulates the production and recognition of guidance cues--cues that if disrupted lead to abnormal neuronal migration and neuronal process formation--and lead to the morphological deficits observed in the cretinous brain.

TL;DR: This study focused on the mechanistic aspects of hydroxyl radical scavenging by 17beta-butoxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-3-ol, a synthetic derivative of 17 beta-estradiol with increased potency to inhibit lipid peroxidation and reduced affinity to estrogen-receptors compared to the endogenous hormone.

TL;DR: A semi-automated and relatively high-throughput method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of Te and DHT in human serum was developed and validated in this article.

TL;DR: O Ongoing efforts to generate population-based reference ranges for total and free testosterone levels in men and women will provide a framework for the interpretation of serum T levels and enhance the comprehensibility of circulating T values to practicing clinicians and facilitate the development of rational criteria for the diagnosis of androgen disorders in men, women, and children.

TL;DR: This laboratory has developed and validated a method to simultaneously measure serum T and DHT with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for use in a clinical chemistry laboratory, confirming that higher levels of DHT obtained by immunoassays were probably due to interfering substances which were partially removed by Celite chromatography.

TL;DR: The identification and signaling events of membrane-initiated steroid (androgen and estrogen) action in breast and prostate cancer cell lines and clinical specimens are reviewed and the interaction of cytokine/growth factor receptors with membrane-acting steroids and their potential clinical implications are discussed.

TL;DR: It was shown that 17 beta-estradiol could attenuate the increase of blood glucose in plasma and normalise the hepatic glycogen level, and protects against alloxan-induced pancreatic beta-cells and hepatic cells damages.

TL;DR: Progesterone is an ovarian steroid hormone that is essential for normal breast development during puberty and in preparation for lactation as mentioned in this paper, and its actions are primarily mediated by its high affinity receptors, including the classical progesterone receptor (PR) -A and -B isoforms.

TL;DR: A sensitive and rapid testosterone assay based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) utilizing on-line sample extraction and multiplexing is described here.

TL;DR: The lamprey is the earliest-evolving vertebrate to date in which sex steroids and their receptors have been demonstrated to have hormonal roles similar to those found in jawed vertebrates, and will continue to be an interesting model for examining the evolution of steroid hormones, steroid receptors, and steroid function.

TL;DR: The myopathies associated to estrogen deficit states may be related to the mechanisms by which estrogen regulates apoptosis, suggesting differential involvement of ER isoforms depending on the step of the apoptotic/survival pathway involved.

TL;DR: There is clear evidence to suggest that intracellular ERs, particularly the beta (rather than alpha) isoform of ERs), may be important targets for E(2)'s functional effects for hippocampal processes.

TL;DR: A critical review of existing data may help to shed some light onto the controversial mPRs and find the reason for these startling opposing results remains unclear.